5:12

Salaam all,

This is 5:12
وَلَقَدْ أَخَذَ اللّهُ مِيثَاقَ بَنِي إِسْرَآئِيلَ وَبَعَثْنَا مِنهُمُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا وَقَالَ اللّهُ إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ لَئِنْ أَقَمْتُمُ الصَّلاَةَ وَآتَيْتُمُ الزَّكَاةَ وَآمَنتُم بِرُسُلِي وَعَزَّرْتُمُوهُمْ وَأَقْرَضْتُمُ اللّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا لَّأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَلأُدْخِلَنَّكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَارُ فَمَن كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِنكُمْ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ سَوَاء السَّبِيلِ
Walaqad akhatha Allahu meethaqa banee israeela wabaAAathna minhumu ithnay AAashara naqeeban waqala Allahu innee maAAakum lain aqamtumu alssalata waataytumu alzzakata waamantum birusulee waAAazzartumoohum waaqradtumu Allaha qardan hasanan laokaffiranna AAankum sayyiatikum walaodkhilannakum jannatin tajree min tahtiha alanharu faman kafara baAAda thalika minkum faqad dalla sawaa alssabeeli

The Aya says:
And Allah took the children of Israel’s covenant and We sent amongst them twelve representatives and Allah communicated: “I am with you (plural). Indeed if you make the Salat upright and provided the obligatory charity and made your selves safe in my envoys/messengers and supported them including loaned Allah a beautiful loan, then indeed, I will make your ugly deeds atoned and I will indeed make you enter gardens, rivers running underneath them. So, whoever rejects after that amongst you then he indeed lost balance of the path.”

My personal note:
This aya brings an important point and that is the atonement of the sins comes from the good deeds of people and that is including establishing and maintaining and keeping the prayer upright. The other issue is the obligatory charity which includes sharing of wealth in material items as well as knowledge or spiritual items.

The Aya uses the term AQRADTUM which I translated as loaned. The term is more like to give something with an expectation of something in return. The Aya tells us that whatever we do purely and sincerely for the sake of Allah, then Allah will give us something in return. There is nothing better to get in return than His love and support and being close to Him.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Walaqad: and indeed
Akhatha: He took
Note: . AKHATHA is derived from the root root Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. AKHATHA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of taking the object (meethaqa=covenant) is completed by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Allahu: Allah
Meethaqa: oath/ assurance/covenant
Note: MEETHAQ is derived from the root W-TH-Qaf and it means in concrete terms, the secure tying of a knot or the pasture that has lots of grass and therefore is assured of providing enough nutrition. So, the other meanings of the term are assurance and security. MEETHAQA is assurance of or trust and security of or covenant of.
Banee: children of
Note: the root is B-N-Y and it means building and it also mean son or child. The relationship between the two meanings is that the son is the product of building the family. Here, it is used to mean child or son. BANEE means children of.
Israeela: Israel/Jacob
wabaAAathna: and We sent
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. BaAAaTHNA is derived from the root B-Ain-TH and it means movement from static position as in death or rest. It is also understood as sending. BaAATHNA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of sending happened by the subject (first person plural pointing to God alone or God and whoever works under Him).
Minhumu: from amongst them
Ithnay: two
Note: the root is TH-N-Y and it means to fold something. This is then used to make the one two through folding and other meanings. ITHNAY means two
AAashara: ten
Note: AAashara is derived from the root Ain-Sh-R and it means ten for the number. AAashara means ten. ITHNAY AAaSHARA means two and ten and that is twelve.
Naqeeban: experts/ representatives
Note: the root is N-Qaf-B and it means digging a whole in an entity for concrete. This is then conceptually used in many ways including one who digs deeper in order to know more about an entity and so on. NAQEEB is the one who digs deep and in this case, the one who pursues more knowledge than others and therefore becomes an expert and a good representative.

Waqala: and he (Allah) said/ responded/ communicated
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. QALA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person singular). This, in turn means: He said or responded or communicated.
Allahu: Allah
Innee: I indeed
maAAakum: with you (plural)
Note: the “with” is open to be interpreted in different ways as long as they are not against a clear Qur’anic understanding. The “Withness” of God in the Qur’an is generally understood as withness that does not mean being in the same limited location.
Lain: indeed if
Aqamtumu: make stand/ make upright/ performed and maintained
Note: AQAMTUM is an action that is completed. It is a form of the verb that comes after the conditional of LAIN that came earlier. It means: The action of making stand the object (Alssalata= the ritual prayer) happened by the subject (second person plural). Here it comes as performed or lead or performed and maintained.
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.

Waataytumu: and you made come/ and you provided
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ATAYTUM is derived from the root Hamza-T-Y and it means in concrete the water that comes from the rain of another land. Conceptually, it means the coming of something or someone with many of it’s implications. ATAYTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making come of an object (ALZAKATA= the obligatory charity/ fruition) happened by the subject (second person plural).

Alzzakata: the fruition/ what brings fruition/ the obligatory charity
Note: the root is Z-K-W and it means maturing/growing. In the concrete it means bringing about fruit. ALZAKAT is what brings fruition. This can be charity because it helps others reach their fruition in term of concrete needs and it helps the giver reach his or her fruition in spiritual needs. That is the official use of the term Islamically, but it also can be extended beyond that to any act that help brings fruition or maturity, physically, spiritually and all forms of growth, maturity and purity to giver and the taker. ALZZAKATA is also often used for the compulsory sharing of wealth or knowledge or both.
Waamantum: and made yourselves safe/ including making yourselves safe
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AMANTUM is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. AMANTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making oneself safe happened by the subject (second person plural).
Birusulee: in my messengers/ in my envoys
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. RUSULEE is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULEE means messengers of and is the plural of Rasul who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. EE means me and it points to God.

waAAazzartumoohum: and you (plural) supported them/ you protected them
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AAaZZARTUMOOHUM is derived from the root Ain-Z-R and it means: stopping a bad act or preventing it from happening. Conceptually, it is used for milder forms of punishments in order to prevent the perpetrator from doing it again and it is also used for protecting a person or entity from harm. AAaZZARTUMOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (HUM=them/ the messengers) protected from harm and supported happened by the subject (second person plural).
Waaqradtumu: and you (plural) made a cut/ and you loaned
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AQRADTUMU is derived from the root Qaf-R-Dhad and it means in concrete cutting a part of something. It is used to mean loaning someone something because it is cutting a part of what they own to give to another with expectation of some return. AQRADTUMU is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making a cut of what they have or making a loan to the object (Allah, coming up) happened by the subject (second person plural).
Allaha: Allah
Qardan: a loan/ a cut with expectation of return
Note: the root is Qaf-R-Dhad and it means in concrete cutting a part of something. It is used to mean loaning someone something because it is cutting a part of what they own to give to another with expectation of some return. QARDAN means a loan or a cut with expectation of return.
Hasanan: beautiful/ good
Note: the root is Ha-S-N and it means beauty and goodness in all the aspects of beauty and goodness. HASANAN is an entity of beauty or goodness which could be an act or a matter or any other entity.
Laokaffiranna: Then indeed will I bury/ forgive/ make atoned
Note: LA means indeed and for stressing what is coming next. OKAFFIRANNA is derived from the root K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. OKAFFIRANNA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (Sayyiatikum= your sins) buried is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person singular pointing to Allah). In this context, the meaning to making the sin atoned.
AAankum: from you (plural)/ away from you
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from and so on. KUM means plural you.
Sayyiatikum: your sins/ your hate worthy words or deeds
Note: the root is S-Y-Hamza and it means hated word or deed. It can also mean ugly or vulnerable. All the meanings are linked somehow by one concept. This word then means different things according to the plane of thought that is being talked about. SAYYIATI is the ugly or hated deed or any ugly or hate worthy entity of. KUM is plural you.

Walaodkhilannakum: and I will indeed make you enter
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. LA is pointing to stress what is coming next. ODKHILANNAKUM is derived from the root D-KH-L and it means entering. ODKHILANNA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (KUM = plural you) enter another object (Jannatin= gardens) is being made to happen or will be made to happen by the subject (first person singular pointing to Allah).

Jannatin: gardens/ paradises
Note: JANNATIN is derived from the root J-N-N and it means hidden or hiding. It is therefore used to mean darkness because it hides as well as garden because gardens can be hidden or because it has less light than the place out in the sun for the Arabs of the desert. JANNATIN means: gardens/ Hidden entities.
Tajree: She flows/ they flow
Note: the root is J-R-Y and it means flowing as in the flowing of the river or any movement that is smooth and relatively fast. TAJREE is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of flowing is happening or will be happening by the subject (ANHARU=rivers and is coming up).Min: fromTahtiha: under her/underneath herNote: the root is T-Ha-T and it means under. TAHTI means under of. HA means her and it points to the garden.Alanharu: the rivers/the running waterNote: The root is N-H-R and one of the concrete meanings of the word is running water or river. It is then used to mean running or glowing in many other meanings and contexts according to the nature of what is talked about. ALANHARU are the rivers or the running waters.
Faman: so wheover
Kafara: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person singular).
baAAda: after
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADA here means: after.
Thalika: that
Minkum: from you (plural)/ from amongst you
Faqad: then indeed
Dalla: He lost the path/ became misguided
Note: the root is Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the path or road in concrete terminology. Conceptually, it is used for any form of loosing the path, whether it is the path to a location or to the truth, or to be correct spiritually and so on. The imagery is very strong since loosing the path in the desert can mean near certain death. DALLA is an action that is completed. It means: the actions of loosing the path, or becoming misguided happened by the subject (third person singular).
Sawaa: balance of
Note: the root is S-W-Y and it means balance or equality. SAWAA suggests a balance of.

Alssabeeli: the path/ the trip on the path
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. ALSSABEELI is the flowing water or the path . It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein