Salaam all,
9:111
إِنَّ اللّهَ اشْتَرَى مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُم بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الجَنَّةَ يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ فَيَقْتُلُونَ وَيُقْتَلُونَ وَعْدًا عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالإِنجِيلِ وَالْقُرْآنِ وَمَنْ أَوْفَى بِعَهْدِهِ مِنَ اللّهِ فَاسْتَبْشِرُواْ بِبَيْعِكُمُ الَّذِي بَايَعْتُم بِهِ وَذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Inna Allaha ishtara mina almumineena anfusahum waamwalahum bianna lahumu aljannata yuqatiloona fee sabeeli Allahi fayaqtuloona wayuqtaloona waAAdan AAalayhi haqqan fee alttawrati waalinjeeli waalqurani waman awfa biAAahdihi mina Allahi faistabshiroo bibayAAikumu allathee bayaAAtum bihi wathalika huwa alfawzu alAAatheemu
The aya says:
Indeed Allah took from the faithful, in exchange, their selves and their money that the Garden belongs to them. They fight in Allah’s path so they kill and get killed. A promise upon Him binding in the Torah, the Evangile and the Qur’an. And who is more fulfilling of his oath than Allah? Therefore, have glad tidings with the trade-off that you did and that is the great win.
My personal reflection:
The verse brings about that what was said here is something present in the books before the Qur’an including the Torah, the book of Moses and the Evangile which is the book of Jesus.
The Aya brings about that the faithful sacrifice their bodies and money in Allah’s path. In return Allah rewards them with great rewards. As for Allah’s path that is asking for the fighting then it probably would be two main things:
1- Allowing the faithful to practice their religion unhindered.
2- Fighting injustice and for the sake of the oppressed in the land.
Also it is important that one remembers that Muslims are actually prohibited from fighting unless under a banner of a state (with state government and wise leadership) in a state against state battle or war rather than a group against group or mob against mob.
Translation of the transliterated words:
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
Ishtara: took in exchange/ traded
Note: the root is SH-R-Y or SH-R-W and it means selling something to get something in return or buying something and paying with something else or taking something and giving in return something else. ISHTARA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of taking an object (ANFUSAHUM= their own selves) in exchange for (reassurance of paradise) happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Mina: from
almumineena: the faithful
Note: ALMUMINEENA is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. ALMUMINEENA means: those who make themselves safe.
anfusahum: themselves/ each other
Note: ANFUSAHUM is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath but is extended to mean self since the self-breathes and that defines her existence. ANFUSA is a noun that is derived from this root and it means Selves of. HUM means them.
Waamwalahum: and their money/ belongings
Note: WA here is for contrasting or adding. AMWALAHUM is derived from the root Note M-W-L and it means what a person owns of gold and silver. This is used to mean anything owned or just money. AMWALA means moneys of. HUM means them.
Bianna: by that
Lahumu: to them belongs/ will belong/ they have right
Aljannata: the garden/ heaven
Note: ALJANNATA is derived from the root J-N-N and it means hidden or hiding. It is therefore used to mean darkness because it hides as well as garden because gardens can be hidden or because it has less light than the place out in the sun for the Arabs of the desert. ALJANNATA means: the garden or paradise or heaven.
Yuqatiloona: they fight
Note: the root is Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. YUQATILOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed and that is interactive in nature. It means: the action of killing or fatally injuring in an interactive ways is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). The interactivity of this action is pointing to fighting.
Fee: in/ on
Sabeeli: path of
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELI is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.
Allahi: Allah
Fayaqtuloona: so they kill/ inflict injury
Note: FA means so or then or therefore. YAQTULOONA is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. YAQTULOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of killing or inflicting big injury is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural)
Wayuqtaloona: and they get killed/ majorly injured
Note: WA here is for contrasting the action. YUQTALOONA is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. YUQTALOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means the action of getting killed is happening or will be happening to the object (third person plural) by an undeclared subject.
waAAdan: a promise
Note: the root is W-Ain-D and it means promise. WaAADAN means: promise
AAalayhi: upon him
Haqqan: binding
Note: HAQQAN is derived from the root Ha-Qaf-Qaf and it means binding right where right means correct as well s what is due to one person (rights and obligations). HAQQAN means binding/ right/ obligation
Fee: in
Alttawrati: The Torah
Waalinjeeli: and the evangile
Waalqurani: and the Qur’an
Waman: and who?
Awfa: more fulfilling
Note: the root is W-F-Y and it means meeting dues. This then takes different meanings according to the plane of thought of the sentence. One meaning could be death since it is a meeting of dues, or just a taking of someone or something depending on the situation, or other forms of meeting dues. AWFA within this context means: more fulfilling/ more meeting dues
biAAahdihi: by His oath/ of His oath
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. AAaHDIHI is derived from the root Ain-H-D and it means a promise or a demand to promise or both. It also includes the fulfillment and meeting the promise. AAaHDI means deal or promise or treaty of. HI means Him/ His
Mina: from/ than
Allahi: Allah
Faistabshiroo: therefore have glad tidings/ receive glad tidings
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. ISTABSHIROO is derived from the root B-SH-R and it means the outer skin of people. This is also a sign of beauty and good news in the abstract. ISTABSHIROO is an order or a request addressed to a group. It means: have glad tidings/ receive glad tidings.
bibayAAikumu: with your sale/ deal/ trade off
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. BAyAAiKUM is derived from the root B-Y-Ain and it means selling or trading off. It also can mean buying since the seller is getting something instead. BAyAAI means trade off of. KUM means plural you.
Allathee: which/ that
bayaAAtum: traded
Note: the root is B-Y-Ain and it means selling or trading off. It also can mean buying since the seller is getting something instead. BAYaAATUM is an action that is completed. It means the action of trading interactively happened by the subject (second person plural)
Bihi: with
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. HI means Him or it and it points to offering their bodies and money.
Wathalika: and that
Huwa: it/ him
Alfawzu: the win/ the success
Note: the root is F-W-Z and it means winning in a good fashion. ALFAWZU means the win or the success.
alAAatheemu: the great
Note: the root is Ain-TH-M and it means great/hard/strong. The concrete word is AAaTHM and that is the bones or the hard/strong/firm core of things. ALAAaTHEEM means the great.
Salaam all and have a great day.
Hussein
