9:12

Salaam all,

9:12
وَإِن نَّكَثُواْ أَيْمَانَهُم مِّن بَعْدِ عَهْدِهِمْ وَطَعَنُواْ فِي دِينِكُمْ فَقَاتِلُواْ أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ إِنَّهُمْ لاَ أَيْمَانَ لَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَنتَهُونَ

Wain nakathoo aymanahum min baAAdi AAahdihim wataAAanoo fee deenikum faqatiloo aimmata alkufri innahum la aymana lahum laAAallahum yantahoona

The Aya says:
And if they renege on their oaths after they had promised and defamed your religion/ way/ law then fight the leaders of the rejection. They indeed have no oaths, in the hope that they desist.

My personal note:
The Aya brings up that the fighting is for the leaders and the guides of rejection rather than for the regular people because they are the ones leading the attack rather than the regular every day person.

The Aya also presents that the fighting is in the hope that they stop from their breaking of oaths and defaming language. So, once they stop then no need to more fighting.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Wain: and if
Nakathoo: reneged
Note: the root N-K-TH and it means reneging. NAKATHOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of reneging happened by the subject (third person plural).
Aymanahum: their oaths

Note: AYMANAHUM is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right as in the opposite of left. This is then taken conceptually to mean many other things as in right hand, oath and good luck and so forth according to the context. AYMANA means in this context oath of. HIM means them.

Min: from
baAAdi : after
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADI here means: after.
AAahdihim: their promise/ their deal/ their treaty
Note: the root is Ain-H-D and it means a promise or a demand to promise or both. It also includes the fulfillment and meeting the promise. AAaHDI means deal or promise or treaty of. HIM means them
wataAAanoo: and/ including they stabbed/ and they abused/ they bad mouthed/ defamed
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning. TaAAaNOO is derived from the root TTA- Ain- N and in concrete it means to stab something with a knife or spear and so on. Conceptually it can be extended to badmouthing someone or something and saying bad things about it. TaAAaNOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of stabbing or bad mouthing happened by the subject (third person plural)
Fee: in
Deenikum: you religion/ your way of life/ your accountability/ your law
Note: the root is D-Y-N and it means debt or law or religion. What groups them together is the concept of obligation and accountability, since religion is the obligation of man towards God. DEENI is obligation or religion or law or accountability of, with religion being the obligation of man towards God. KUM is a plural you.

Faqatiloo: then fight
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. QATILOO is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. QATILOO is an order addressed to a group. It means fight.

Aimmata: leaders of/ guides of
Note: the root is Hamza-M-M and it means mother or sources/origin if said as OMM and destination if said as AMM. AIMMATA are guides to the destination or leaders towards the destination.
Alkufri: the rejection/ the denial
Note: The root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. ALKUFR is the rejection or denial and so on.
Innahum: they indeed
la aymana: have no oaths
Note: la is for negation of what comes next. AYMANA is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right as in the opposite of left. This is then taken conceptually to mean many other things as in right hand, oath and good luck and so forth according to the context. AYMANA means in this context oath of.
Lahum: for them
laAAallahum: perhaps they/ in the hope they
yantahoona: Desist/stop
Note: The root is N-H-Y and it means stopping or ending or desisting. This then takes different form according to the plane of thought of the sentence. YANTAHOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of ordering or making oneself to cease and desist is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein