9:37
إِنَّمَا النَّسِيءُ زِيَادَةٌ فِي الْكُفْرِ يُضَلُّ بِهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ يُحِلِّونَهُ عَامًا وَيُحَرِّمُونَهُ عَامًا لِّيُوَاطِؤُواْ عِدَّةَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللّهُ فَيُحِلُّواْ مَا حَرَّمَ اللّهُ زُيِّنَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ أَعْمَالِهِمْ وَاللّهُ لاَ يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ
Innama alnnaseeo ziyadatun fee alkufri yudallu bihi allatheena kafaroo yuhilloonahu AAaman wayuharrimoonahu AAaman liyuwatioo AAiddata ma harrama Allahu fayuhilloo ma harrama Allahu zuyyina lahum sooo aAAmalihim waAllahu la yahdee alqawma alkafireena
The delayed/ extra month is none other than an increase in the rejection. Those who reject will get misguided by it. They allow it one year and they prohibit it another in order to side step what Allah had made forbidden, therefore they allow what Allah had forbidden. Their bad actions were adorned for them and Allah does not guide the rejecting people.
This Aya covers the idea of adding an extra month every so and so years to make the lunar year close to the solar year. The Aya forbade it to make the time of the months that are forbidden to violate near constant and predictable.
The Aya also brings about a very important concept that the Muslim should not play with loop holes to forbid what Allah permitted nor to allow what Allah prohibited.
Innama: none other than
Alnnaseeo: the delay/ the extra month
Note: the root is N-S-Hamza and it means putting things behind in time or space of delaying things. ALNNASEEO is a month that delays the flow of the year. It is a month that communities using lunar calendars add every few years to make the lunar calendar closer to a solar calendar.
Ziyadatun: increase/ extra
Note: ZIYADATU is derived from root Z-W-D or Z-Y-D and it means the provision of the road or the food that one packs for travel. It has also the conceptual meaning of what is above the need, because one packs a little extra for the road. ZIYADATUN means increase or extra.
Fee: in
Alkufri: the rejection/ the denial
Note: The root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. ALKUFR is the rejection or denial and so on.
Yudallu: get lost/ get misguided
Note: YUDALLU is derived from the root Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the path or road in concrete terminology. Conceptually, it is used for any form of loosing the path, whether it is the path to a location or to the truth, or to be correct spiritually and so on. The imagery is very strong since loosing the path in the desert can mean near certain death. YUDALLU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the actions of loosing the path, or becoming misguided or becoming lost (in this context) is happening or will be happening to the object (ALLATHEENA Kafaroo= those who rejected) by an undeclared subject.
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. HI means Him and points to the extra month.
Allatheena: those who
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
Yuhilloonahu: they allow it/ they make it desirable
Note: The root is Ha-L-L and it means settling. Conceptually, this settling can be in time or place of quality as in settling or solving a problem, a knot and it can extend to acceptable or enjoined words or deeds. This sentence gives the context of acceptable or enjoined or allowed. YUHILLONAHU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of allowing or making the object (alnnaseeo= the extra month) desirable is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
AAaman: one year
Note: the root is Ain-W-M and it means swimming or floating. It is also used to mean year or completed full cycle. AAaMAN means year.
Wayuharrimoonahu: and they forbid it/ and they make it disliked
Note: WA means and or in contrast in this context. YUHARRIMOONAHU is derived from the root Ha-R-M and it means “forbidding and forbidden to violate”. YUHARRIMOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making forbidden the object (HU= the month) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Note: the root is Ain-W-M and it means swimming or floating. It is also used to mean year or completed full cycle. AAaMAN means year.
Liyuwatioo: in order to step/ in order to interactively step
Note: LI means to or in order to. YUWATIOO is derived from the root W-TTa-Hamza and it means stepping on something. YUWATIOO is an interactive action that is happening or will be happening. It means: they step the object (AAiDATA= count) interactively is happening by the subject (third person plural). In this context, it means to sidestep/ to avoid.
AAiddata: count of
Note: the root is Ain-D-D and it means counting. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of counting in addition to preparing what is needed because this includes counting. AAiDDATA means the count of.
Ma: what
Harrama: forbade/ made forbidden
Note: the root is Ha-R-M and it means “forbidding and forbidden to violate”. HARRAMA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of forbidding or making forbidden the object (Ma= what) happened by the subject (third person singular or plural)
Allahu: Allah
Fayuhilloo: so they make permissible/ enjoined
Note: Fa means so or therefore or then. YUHILLOO is derived from the root Ha-L-L and it means settling. Conceptually, this settling can be in time or place of quality as in settling or solving a problem, a knot and it can extend to acceptable or enjoined words or deeds. This sentence gives the context of acceptable or enjoined or allowed. YUHILLOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of allowing or making the object (MA HARRAMA= what He made forbidden) desirable is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Harrama: forbade/ made forbidden
Note: the root is Ha-R-M and it means “forbidding and forbidden to violate”. HARRAMA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of forbidding or making forbidden the object (Ma= what) happened by the subject (third person singular or plural)
Allahu: Allah
Zuyyina: was ornamented/ was made to look good
Note: the root is Z-Y-N and it means what one puts on to add beauty to the look. It is used to cover clothes, jewelry and make up. For the land, it is the grass and the flowers. ZUYYINA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of beautifying or ornamenting the object (Sooo aAAmalihim= their bad action) happened by an undeclared subject.
Lahumu: to them/ for them
Sooo: bad/ ugly
Note: the root is S-Y-Hamza or S-W-HAMZA and it means hated word or deed or something. It can also conceptually mean ugly or vulnerable. All the meanings are linked somehow by one concept. This word then means different things according to the plane of thought that is being talked about. SOOO means bad or ugly.
aAAmalihim: actions
Note: the root is Ain-M-L and it means doing or work. aAAMALI means actions or works of. HIM means them
waAllahu: while Allah/ and Allah
la yahdee: does not guide
Note: La is for negation of the action that comes after. YAHDEE is derived from the root H-D-Y and it means gift in all it’s forms and it carries the meaning of guidance since guidance is a gift. YAHDEE Is an action that this be completed or would be completed. It means that the action of guiding the object (ALQAWMA= the people) is happening over will be happening by the subject (Allah)
Alqawma: : the people
Note: ALQAWMA is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. ALQAWMA are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group.
Alkafireena: the rejectors
Note: ALKAFIREEN is derived from the root K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. ALKAFIREENA are the ones who reject the truth or discard it.
Hussein
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