5:39

Salaam all,

This is 5:39



Faman taba min baAAdi thulmihi waaslaha fainna Allaha yatoobu AAalayhi inna Allaha ghafoorun raheemun

The Aya says:
So whomever, repents after his transgression, including did righteousness then Allah facilitates, aids and accepts his repentance. Indeed Allah is protectively covering, merciful.

My personal note:
I translated the term YATOOBU AAaLAYHI as facilitates, aids and accepts his repentance. This is because the term covers all the meanings at once since TAWBA is in essence the ultimate return to God.

The Aya here comes after the transgression is made. It does not cover whether the Tawba will make the punishment for theft fall off. The understanding is that it does not cause the punishment to fall off if the case was brought to the person in authority. However, if the theft was discovered by people then they have the option or are actually encouraged not to bring the case to the judge/ruler if they felt that the thief has repented and was sincere in that repentance.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Faman: so who/ whomever
Taba: repented/ ultimately returned to Allah’s path
Note: the root is T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. TABA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of repentance or ultimate return (to God) happened by the subject (third person singular).

Min: from
baAAdi: after
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADI here means: after.

Thulmihi: his injustice/ his transgression
Note: THULMIHI is derived from the root THA-L-M and it means darkness in the most concrete form. This word also takes the meaning of misplacing right from wrong and transgression or injustice since injustice is displacing right from wrong and a decision made in darkness. THULMI means injustice of or transgression of or displacement of right and wrong of. HI means Him and it means the person committing injustice male or female.

Waaslaha: and/including did acts of goodness/righteousness/ reconciliation/ benefit
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ASLAHA is derived from the root Sad-L-Ha and it means becoming helpful or useful in a good direction. This means mainly: becoming one of benefit as in benefiting oneself and others. Included in this meaning is becoming fixed after having been broken. ASLAHA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making fruitfulness and in this context, reconciliation/ fixing what was broken or fissured of any good act, happened by the subject (third person singular).
Fainna: then indeed
Allaha: Allah
Yatoobu: ultimately returns/ repents
Note: the root is T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. YATOOBU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of repentance or ultimate return (to God) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).

AAalayhi: upon him (the transgressor)
Note: YATOOBU AAaLAYHI when the AAaLA comes after the term, then the term YATOOBU adopts the meaning of accepting repentance or facilitating it. So, YATOOBU AAaLAYHI takes the meaning of facilitates/ accepts/ welcomes his repentance.
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
Ghafoorun: forgiving/ provider of protective cover/ protectively covering
Note: the root is GH-F-R and it means covering for protection. The concrete word is the helmet of the fighter. GHAFOORUN is the one that covers to protect. This, in turn means protection from committing the sin and protection from the consequences of sin, which also means forgiving
Raheemun: Merciful
Note: the root is R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. This term is used to mean mercy and all the good that the womb provides. RAHEEM is the one with the womb-like mercy.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein