5:49

Salaam all,



Waani ohkum baynahum bima anzala Allahu wala tattabiAA ahwaahum waihtharhum an yaftinooka AAan baAAdi ma anzala Allahu ilayka fain tawallaw faiAAlam annama yureedu Allahu an yuseebahum bibaAAdi thunoobihim wainna katheeran mina alnnasi lafasiqoona

The Aya says:
And that you (singular) steer between them by what Allah brought down towards you (O Muhammad) and do not join and follow their biases, and be cautious of them from hazardously testing you away from some of what Allah brought down to you. So, if they did otherwise then know (O Muhammad) that Allah only seeks to affect them by some of their sins and indeed, many of the people are drifters from the path.

My personal note:
The Aya continues that the prophet (pbuh) is under an obligation to rule and judge and steer between the people by what came down to him. This statement is also applicable to any other person who assumes leadership of the Muslims.

The term YAFTINOOKA suggests that there is a test that contains a hazard in it. This means that it can be difficult and that it can be easy to fail this test. So, the Aya is telling us that many rulers will be strongly tempted to move away from the prescribed rule of Allah and some if not many will fail this test.

The Aya concludes that if the people decided otherwise and moved away from the rule of God as prescribed in His book, then Allah is going to negatively affect them by that sin. The mentioning by some of their sins is a sign of God's mercy for He does not plan to affect them by All of their sins.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Waani: and that
Ohkum: you (singular) rule/ judge/steer
Note: OHKUM is derived from the root Ha-K-M and it means the steer that steers the animal. This word is used for ruling and judging as well as other meanings that contain steering as part of the concept. HAKEEM means wise or the steering. The steering means the entity that steers in the best way possible using the best tools of knowledge, compassion, justice and mercy, and that is wisdom. OHKUM is an order or a request that is addressing an individual. It means: rule or judge or steer.
Baynahum: between them
Bima: by what/ with what/ in what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what

Anzala: He made come down/ He made arrive
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. ANZALA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making arrive or making descend happened by the subject (third person singular).
Allahu: Allah
Wala: and not
tattabiAA: make yourself (singular) join and follow/ follow
Note: the root is T-B-Ain and it means following footsteps or join and follow footsteps. TATTABiAAa is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making oneself follow footsteps or join and follow footsteps of the object (Ahwaahum= their desires/ biases) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular). LA TATTABiAA is an order or a request not to follow or join and follow.

Ahwaahum: their desires/ their airs/ their insupportable biases
Note: the root is H-W-Y and it means what is between the earth and the sky and that is air and emptiness for the Arabs. Conceptually, it stands for desire because that is associated with air for Arabs. It also can apply to any entity that is not supported by a firm base, including ideas and unsupported biases. AHAWA means airs or biases or desires of. HUM means them.
Waihtharhum: and you (singular) take caution from them/ be cautious of them
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. IHTHARHUM is derived from the root Ha-TH-R and it means consciousness of danger or potential danger and action accordingly. Conceptually, it covers caution and precaution and so on as well as fear of danger. IHTHAR is an order or a request to a singular. It means: take caution or be conscious of potential danger of the object (HUM= them).

An: that/ from
Yaftinooka: they test you severely/ hazardously test
Note: the root is F-T-N and it means in concrete form, the melting of Gold or silver in order to know the pure from the impure or the true from the fake. Therefore, in abstract, the word suggests an extreme test with hardship in it, or a burn with fire or even taking someone’s eyes with the glitter of the false Gold and silver or just a test with a high possibility of danger or failure. Here, it means the severe test that has hardship in it. YAFTINOOKA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of hazardously testing the object (singular you) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
AAan: about/ away from
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from and so on.
baAAdi: some of
Note: the root is B-Ain-Dhad and it means part of the whole. BaAADI means part of or some of.

Ma: what
Anzala: He made come down/ He made arrive
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. ANZALA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making arrive or making descend happened by the subject (third person singular).
Allahu: Allah
Ilayka: to you (singular pointing to Muhammad)/ towards you
Fain: so if
Tawallaw: did otherwise/ decided not to/ followed their own direction instead/ followed another direction
Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship. TAWALLAW is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of making oneself follow own direction with one’s own guarantee, happened by the subject (third person plural). This is used here to mean directing oneself away from what is offered and the guarantee that is offered. In this context, it carries the meaning of sticking to the old ways and rejecting the message and the ruler of the prophet (pbuh).

faiAAlam: then know/ know for fact
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. iAALAMOO is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. iAALaM is an order or a request addressed to a singular. It means: know or know for fact.
annama: it is not but/ it is restricted except for
Note: this statement indicates that what is coming next does not happen except in one situation.
Yureedu: He wants/ seeks
Note: the root is R-W-D and it means in concrete the person that goes ahead of the people looking for resources. Therefore, the word has within it the meanings of pioneering, seeking and desiring. YUREEDU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of seeking or wanting is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Allahu: Allah
An: that

Yuseebahum: He targets and hit/ affect
Note: the root Sad-W-B and it means in one of the concrete usages the rain falling on a place. This word is then used to mean hitting the target correctly or being correct, because the rain is correct in hitting it’s target. YUSEEBAHUM is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means the hitting of the object (HUM= them) is being made to happen or will be made to happen by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).

bibaAAdi: in some/ by some
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. BaAADI is derived from the root B-Ain-Dhad and it means part of the whole. BaAADI means part of or some.
Thunoobihim: their sins
Note: THUNOOBIHIM is derived from the root TH-N-B and it means tail if spelled THANAB and sin if spelled THANB. It is difficult to know if the two meanings are related. THUNOOBI means sins of. HIM means them.

Wainna: and indeed
Katheeran: many/ a lot
Note: the root is K-TH-R and it means many or numerous in all the planes of thought. KATHEERAN means: numerous or many or a lot.
Mina: of/ from
Alnnasi: the people/ the society
Note: ALNNAS is derived from the root Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ALNNAS are the society/the people.

Lafasiqoona: indeed ones who left God’s path/ drifted from the path/ putting harm in the path
Note: LA is used for emphasis of the term that comes after. FASIQOONA the root is F-S-Qaf and it means in concrete when the seed is out of it’s pod or when the rat is out of her house or causing harm to the regular path of the people. So, it is used for someone leaving the path or someone harming the safety of it. This is then understood as when one is out of the right place for them. In the Qur’an, it is used to mean being outside of God’s way. FASIQOON are the one who left God’s path or are trying to put harm or obstacles in it.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein