They ask you (singular) about the additional gains, respond: “The additional gains belong to Allah and the messenger, therefore be mindful of Allah and make harmony between you and obey Allah and His messenger if you happen to be working on safety/ trust.
The word ANFAL points to something beyond the base or the original and so it can point to any gain above what is considered the baseline. According to the people of the books of Tafsir they understood it to mean the war gains vs the portion of the war gains that is beyond what the fighters should keep to themselves vs other gains and all the understandings are possible and not mutually exclusive.
One question would then come as to what does it mean to say that they belong to Allah and this is understood as they need to be spent in the causes that Allah ordered in His book mainly to be sources of support to the poor and needy.
In the same light the messenger is understood as the executive branch of government to spend this money in the matter that is needed to best run the government in light of the example of the prophet upon him be peace.
The Aya also brings about three conditions that prove the Iman (safety and trust in Allah) and those are being mindful of Allah, making harmony in the community and also obeying Allah and His messenger.
Yasaloonaka: they ask you (singular)
Note: the root is S-Hamza-L and it means asking. It could be asking a question and it could be asking for help and so forth. YASALOONAKA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of asking is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural) to the object (second person singular)
AAani: about
Alanfali: the gains/ the extras/ the war booty
Note: the root is N-F-L and it means extra or what is above and beyond the original or the baseline. It is used for any extra act that is beyond what you are obligated to do or any extra gain that is beyond what you already have. Conceptually it can cover any voluntary act that you are not obligated to do and also any gain in the war that adds to what you already have and so on. ALANFALI in this context are the extra war booties or the war gains.
quli: say
Note: QUL is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QUL is an order addressed to a singular. It means: Say.
alanfalu: the gains/ the extras/ the war booty
Note: the root is N-F-L and it means extra or what is above and beyond the original or the baseline. It is used for any extra act that is beyond what you are obligated to do or any extra gain that is beyond what you already have. Conceptually it can cover any voluntary act that you are not obligated to do and also any gain in the war that adds to what you already have and so on. ALANFALU in this context are the extra war booties or the war gains.
Lillahi: to Allah/ belong to Allah
Waalrrasooli: and the messenger/ and the envoy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALRRASOOLI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULUN means messengers of and is the plural of RASOOL who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. ALRRASOOL means the messenger or the envoy.
Faittaqoo: therefore be mindful/ therefore act while conscious
Note: FA means therefore and then and so. ITTAQOO is derived from the root W-Qaf-W and it means guarding or protecting. Since the best way to guard is through consciousness and action according to consciousness. ITTAQOO is an orde
Allaha: Allah
Waaslihoo: and correct/ and fix/ and make good/ and make harmony
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ASLIHOO is derived from the root Sad-L-Ha and it means becoming helpful or useful in a good direction. This means mainly: becoming one of benefit as in benefiting oneself and others. Included in this meaning is becoming fixed after having been broken. ASLIHOO is an order or a request addressed to a group to cause harmony/ acts of benefit and so on.
Thata: one of/ matter of
Baynikum: between you (plural)
waateeAAoo: and obey
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ATeeAAoo is derived from the root TTa-W-Ain and it means willing compliance or obeying willingly. ATeeAAoo is an order or a request that is addressing a group of people. It means: obey willingly or comply willingly, or just obey.
Warasoolahu: and His messenger/ His envoy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. RASOOLAHU is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULUN means messengers of and is the plural of RASOOL who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. RASOOLA means envoy or messenger of. HU means him and points to Allah
In: if
Kuntum: you (plural) happened to be/ were
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUNTUM is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (second person plural). This in turn means: you (plural) happened to be
Mumineena: ones who make themselves safe/ trusting
Note: MUMINEENA is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. MUMINEENA means: those who make themselves safe.
Hussein
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