10:83

 Salaam all

10:83

فَمَآ آمَنَ لِمُوسَىٰ إِلاَّ ذُرِّيَّةٌ مِّن قَوْمِهِ عَلَىٰ خَوْفٍ مِّن فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِمْ أَن يَفْتِنَهُمْ وَإِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَعَالٍ فِي ٱلأَرْضِ وَإِنَّهُ لَمِنَ ٱلْمُسْرِفِينَ

 

famā āmana limūsā illā dhurriyyatun min qawmihi ʿalā khawfin min fir`ʿawna wamala-ihim an yaftinahum wa-inna fir`ʿawna laʿālin fī l-arḍi wa-innahu lamina l-mus`rifīna

The Aya says:

So only some offspring of his people believed Moses while fearing Pharaoh and their elite that he may cause them hardship.  An indeed Pharaoh is tyrannical in the land and indeed he is amongst the wasteful.

 

My personal note:

The word Malaihim I translated as their elite and pointing to the people of Moses.  It points that some of the leaders and higher up of the Israelites sided with pharaoh perhaps to protect whatever privileges they may have had. The Aya also suggests that the youth of his people were more likely to believe Moses and to follow him.

 

Translation of the transliterated words:

famā: so not

āmana: had faith/ believed

Note: the root is Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. AMANA is an action that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the same entity here) become safe happened by the subject (third person plural). So, it ends up meaning: theyu attained faith,

 

Limūsā: to Moses

Note: the LI which is translated as to makes the meaning amana closer to believe as in believe Moses as opposed to when the Amana is followed by Bi which makes it believe in or have faith in.

Illā: if not except

 

Dhurriyyatun: offspring

Note: the root is TH-R-R and it means in concrete: the smallest entities that one pinches with his hands or fingers and disperses, very much as the grains of salt or sand and so on. Conceptually, this word is used to mean offspring, but also the tiniest entities as dust particles or atoms and so on.  DHURRIYATUN means offspring.

 

Min: from

Qawmihi: his people

Note:  QAWMI is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMI are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group. HI means him.

 

ʿalā: upon

Khawfin: fear/ worry

Note: KHAWF is derived from the root KH-W-F and it means fear.  KHAWFIN means fear or worry or both.

Min: of/ from

fir`ʿawna: Pharaoh

wamala-ihim: and their people/ their followers/their subordinates/ their elite

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture.  WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. MALAI is derived from the root M-L-Hamza and it means filling or full. MALAI means the leaders or the big group. This is related to the full because the big group has the feeling of being full and the leaders are full of authority and supposed wisdom.  MALAI means followers or subordinates of/  HIM means them and points to Pharaoh.

 

An: that

Yaftinahum: He tests them severely/ he causes hardship to them

Note: the root is F-T-N and it means in concrete form, the melting of Gold or silver in order to know the pure from the impure or the true from the fake. Therefore, in abstract, the word suggests an extreme test with hardship in it, or a burn with fire or even taking someone’s eyes with the glitter of the false Gold and silver. Here, it means the severe test that has hardship in it. YAFTINA means the action of subjecting the object (Hum=them) to a severe test (hardship) Is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular)

 

wa-inna: and indeed

fir`ʿawna: Pharaoh

laʿālin: Haughty/ arrogant

Note: The root is Ain-L-Y and it means above or on top.  :AAAaLIN means indeed high.  In this context it leads to arrogance and haughtiness and looking down at those below. 

Fī: in/ on

l-arḍi: the land

Note:  ALARDI is derived from the root Hamza-R-Dhad and it means earth or land.  ALARDI is the earth/ the land.

wa-innahu: and indeed he

lamina: of/ amongst

l-mus`rifīna:  the wasteful

Note:  ALMUSRIFEEN is derived from the root S-R-F and it means in concrete the throwing of the water without watering a tree or watering an animal. Conceptually, it is used for inappropriate expenditure or too much expenditure, since that is inappropriate. Basically it carries the concept of wasteful spending of resources and energy for the wrong cause and so on. ALMUSRIFEENA are the wasteful spenders and careless.

 

 Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein