Salaam all
11:78
wajāahu qawmuhu yuh`raʿūna ilayhi wamin qablu kānū yaʿmalūna l-sayiāti qāla yāqawmi hāulāi banātī hunna aṭharu lakum fa-ittaqū l-laha walā tukh`zūni fī ḍayfī alaysa minkum rajulun rashīdun
The Aya says:
And his people came to him hurrying,
while previously they were doing the bad things. He said: “O my people, these are my daughters. They are more appropriate for you. So, be mindful of Allah and do not cause me
idignity in my guests. Is there not a
reasonable person amongst you?!”
My personal note:
The state of mind of Lot is clearly
struggling as he sees that intention of his people to rape his guests. The Aya says that he offered his daughters
and that caused lots of opinions in commentaries because offering his daughters
is also inappropriate. He said they are more appropriate which actually means
that he was saying they are less inappropriate.
Potential reasons for him saying that is that he has some authority on
his daughters while he was obligated to protect his guests. Whatever he offered is out of desperation and
that shows in the end of the aya when he asks if there is a single reasonable
person there and the answer was no.
Translation of the transliterated words:
wajāahu: and came to him
Note: WA here is for contrasting and
continuing as well. JAA is derived from the root t J-Y-Hamza and it
means coming. One concrete word that is derived from this word is the pool where
the rain water comes. JAA is an action that is completed and that is derived
from the root. It means that the action of coming happened by the subject (QAWMUHU=
his people) to the object (HU=him and points to Lot).
Qawmuhu: His people
Note:
QAWMU is derived
from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMU are the
people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation,
basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group. HU means
him or his.
yuh`raʿūna: Hurrying
with excitement
Note: the root is H-R-Ain and it means
running or hyrrying for a purpose. This
purpose could be because you want to reach the destination with great
anticipation or fear so the meaning carries speed and excitement/ anticipation. YUHRaOONA is an action that is happening or
will be happening. YUHRaOONA means the
action of hurrying with excitement/ anticipation is happening by the subject (third
person plural).
Ilayhi: to him (Lot) / towards him
Wamin: and from
Qablu: before/ previously
Note:
the root Qaf-B-L and it means front. This is then carried in time or space or
any plain of thought. If it is in time, then front means before, while place
would be in front. It is used to mean acceptance and reception since we receive
and accept using our fronts. QABLU here is front in time and that is before.
Kānū: they used to/ they were
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANOO is an action that is completed that is
derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject
(third personal plural). This in turn
means: they were/ they happened to be
yaʿmalūna: Were doing
Note:
the root is Ain-M-L
and it means doing or work. YaAAMALOON is an action that is being completed or
will be completed. It means: the action
of doing or is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person
plural). Because it was preceded by the Kanoo it takes
the meaning of they were doing rather than they are doing.
l-sayiāti: the bads/ the uglies
Note:
the root is S-Y-Hamza or S-W-HAMZA and it means hated word or deed or
something. It can also conceptually mean ugly or vulnerable. All the meanings
are linked somehow by one concept. This word then means different things
according to the plane of thought that is being talked about. SAYYIAT means
bad/ugly/ not righteous in plural form
qāla: He said/ he responded
Note: QALA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying
in any way possible. QALA is an action that is completed that is derived from
the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person plural).
This, in turn means: they said or claimed. In this context it takes the meaning
of they responded.
Yāqawmi: O my
people
Note: YA is used for calling. QAWMI is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means
standing or standing upright. QAWMI are the people that stand together and that
makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand
together or form a group. YAQAWMI means O my people.
Hāulāi: those/ these
Banātī: my daughters
Note: BANAT is derived from the root B-N-Y and
it means building and it also mean son or child. The relationship between the
two meanings is that the son is the product of building the family. Here, it is
used to mean child or son. BANAT: means sone Daughters of. I means min. BANATI means my daugters.
Hunna: they
aṭharu: more pure/ more cleansed/ more appropriate/ less
inappropriate
Note:
the term is derived from the root TTa-H-R and it means clean or cleansed in a
concrete, spiritual and other senses. In the Qur’an it is often used for ritual
cleansing often if not all the time. ATTHARU means more clean and in this
context it means actually less bad/ more appropriate/ less inappropriate.
Lakum: for you (plural)
fa-ittaqū: so be mindful of
Note: FA means then or therefore. ITTAQOO is derived from the root W-Qaf-y and it means
guarding or protecting. Since the best guarding is through consciousness then
it means consciousness. ITTAQOO is an
order or request addressing a group. It
means be conscious of/ be mindful of.
l-laha: Allah
walā: and not
tukh`zūni: you humiliate me/ you embarrass me/ you cause me indignity
Note:
the root is KH-Z-Y and it means being overpowered, emabarrassed or humiliated. TUKHZOO is an action that is happening or
will be happening. It means the action
of humiliating or embarrassing the object (NI=me) is happening or will be
happening by the subject (second person plural)
Fī: in
ḍayfī: my guests
Note: the root is Dhad-Y-F and it means
guest or visitor. The meaning carries
with it that the host provide safety and food and shelter. DAYFEE here means my guests and with it the
referrence of garaunteeing their safety.
Alaysa: Is there not?!
Minkum: amongst you
Rajulun: a man/a person
: A man/ a person
Note: the root is R-J-L and it means legs or feet. The word
also means men depending on the situation. One possible link could be because
when men and women are in the caravan and the ability to ride is limited, then
the men will be on their legs, while the women will be riding the camels or so
forth. RAJULUN means a man/ a person
Rashīdun: reasonable/
thoughtful/ appropriate
Note: R-SH-D and it means
being on the correct path or in the right path or just being correct or right.
RASHIDAN is a person who is reasonable, thoughful, appropriate and so on.
