2:191

Salaam all,

This is 2:191
وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ وَأَخْرِجُوهُم مِّنْ حَيْثُ أَخْرَجُوكُمْ وَالْفِتْنَةُ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ وَلاَ تُقَاتِلُوهُمْ عِندَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ حَتَّى يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ فِيهِ فَإِن قَاتَلُوكُمْ فَاقْتُلُوهُمْ كَذَلِكَ جَزَاء الْكَافِرِينَ
Waqtuloohum haythu thaqiftumoohum waakhrijoohum min haythu akhrajookum walfitnatu ashaddu mina alqatli wala tuqatiloohum AAinda almasjidi alharami hatta yuqatilookum feehi fain qatalookum faqtuloohum kathalika jazao alkafireen

The Aya says:
And arrive killing to them (the ones that engaged in killing against you in 2:190) where you grasp them, and expel them from where they expelled you, and the severe testing (through persecution and so forth) is harder than the killing. And do not fight them at the MASJID AL HARAM (the mosque around Al KAABA) until they engage you in it. Therefore, if they engaged in killing against you (in the mosque), then kill them. That is the compensation of the ones that cover their minds (from GOD and his message)

My personal note:
This Aya obviously continues the theme of 2:190 and that is for Muslims to fight when they are being killed or fought as they walk in the course of GOD. It mentioned that Muslims arrive the killing when and where they grasp the ones that were fighting them or engaged in killing the Muslims.

The Aya also talks about some events in the Islamic history and around the mosque in Mecca. It alludes that the Muslims were expelled from the Mosque and that was severe testing that is even harder than being killed itself. It orders Muslims not to fight in it unless they were attacked.

Some will extend this prohibition to being a prohibition against any fighting at any place of worship.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waqtuloohum: And arrive killing to them (the ones that engaged killing opposite Muslims as in 2:190)
Note: WA means and. QTULOOHUM is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing. QTULOO is an order form of a verb, addressed to a group of people and that is derived from the root. This verb means, arrive killing in a literal way and that can mean kill, but it also can mean bring the engagement of the killing. HUM means them. The them that are mentioned are the people that are fighting Muslims as they move in the way of GOD.
Haythu: Where and it could be when as well
Thaqiftumoohum: you grasped them.
Note: the root is TH-Qaf-F and it means in concrete the tool that surrounds the spear to make it straight. This, therefore means surrounding something and having the ability to understand it and manipulate it. THAQIFTUMOO is the second person plural past tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means you became surrounding and able to control. I used the word grasped because it is the closer to that meaning. HUM means them.
Waakhrijoohum: and make them exit/expel
Note: WA means and. AKHRIJOOHUM is derived from the root KH-R-J and it means exiting or coming out. AKHRIJOO is an order form of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means make arrive exit in a literal sense. This, in turn means make exit/expel. HUM means them.
Min: from
Haythu: where
Akhrajookum: They made you (plural) exit/ the expelled you (plural)
Note: the root KH-R-J and it means exiting or coming out. AKHRAJOO is the third person plural past tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means made arrive exit in a literal sense. This, in turn means make exit/expel. KUM means you (plural)
Walfitnatu: and the severe testing
Note: WA means and. ALFITNATU is derived from the root F-T-N and it means in concrete form, the melting of Gold or silver in order to know the pure from the impure or the true from the fake. Therefore, in abstract, the word suggests an extreme test with hardship in it, or a burn with fire or even taking someone’s eyes with the glitter of the false Gold and silver. Here, it means the severe test that has hardship in it. ALFITNATU is the severe testing of persecution or hardship that can be imposed on people.
Ashaddu: tighter/harder
Note: the root is SH-D-D and it means tightening something or making it harder or more firm. ASAHDDU means tighter or harder.
Mina: from
Alqatli: the killing
Note: the root is root Qaf-T-L and it means killing. ALQATL is the killing.
Wala: and not
Tuqatiloohum: fight them/engage killing opposite them
Note: the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing. TUQATILOO is the second person plural present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb form is interactive in nature. It literally means the ones that arrive killing opposite killing or against a group of people. HUM means them and therefore TUQATILOOHUM means engage killing opposite killing of them or fight them.
AAinda: At
Note: AAiNDA means at in place or time.
Almasjidi: the place of worship
Note: the root is S-J-D and it means the tree that is tilting downward due to the heavy load that it is carrying. Therefore, the meaning has the tilting downward as prostrating or lower the head so that the chin touches the neck. It also has the meaning of submitting to the load that is on us just as the tree does. So, in essence, it is the tilting downward or prostrating by accepting and submitting to the load on us and that the submission to GOD. ALMASJID is the place where one performs the act of prostrating to GOD in acceptance of GOD’a authority. It is then, the place of worship.
Alharami: the forbidding and forbidden to violate.
Note: the root is Ha-R-M and it means forbidding to violate. ALHARAM is the entity that causes forbiddance to violate and that also includes that it is forbidden to violate.
Hatta: until
Yuqatilookum: fight you/engage killing against you (plural)
Note: the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing. YUQATILOO is the third person plural present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb form is interactive in nature. It literally means the ones that arrive killing against killing or against a group of people. KUM is a plural you and therefore YUQATILOOKUM means the ones that arrive or engage killing against you or the ones that fight you.
Feehi: in him
Note: the Him is the ALMASJID AlHARAM, that was mentioned earlier and that is literally translated, the place of worship the forbidden and forbidding to violate. This is the Mosque in Mecca around the Kaaba
Fain: therefore if
Qatalookum: they fought you/they engaged killing against you
Note: the root is Qaf-T-L and it means killing. QATALOO is the third person plural past tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb form is interactive in nature. It literally means the ones that arrived killing against killing or against a group of people. KUM is a plural you and therefore QATALOOKUM means the ones that arrived or egaged killing against you or the ones that fight you.
Faqtuloohum: Therefore arrive killing of them/therefore kill them
Note: FA means therefore. QTULOOHUM is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing. QTULOO is an order form of a verb, addressed to a group of people and that is derived from the root. This verb means, arrive killing in a literal way and that can mean kill, but it also can mean bring the engagement of the killing. HUM means them.
Kathalika: similar to that
Jazao: compensation of
Note: the root is J-Z Y and it means compensation that can be good or bad. JASAO is compensation of. This compensation is bad.
Alkafireen: the ones that cover (their minds from GOD’s message)
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means covering the seeds by the earth as part of planting. So, it has the abstract of burying something and especially the mind from the message of GOD. That is why the word is used for apostacy, but the essence of the word is that the person that refuses to hear the message of GOD is like the person that covers the message from being heard or the person that buries his/her head in the ground so that they cannot hear it.

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein