5:108

Salaam all,



Thalika adna an yatoo bialshshahadati AAala wajhiha aw yakhafoo an turadda aymanun baAAda aymanihim waittaqoo Allaha waismaAAoo waAllahu la yahdee alqawma alfasiqeena

The aya says:
That is closer that they come with the witnessing upon it’s face or they fear that oaths will be rejected after their oaths. And act consciously of Allah including listen. And Allah does not guide the people who leave the path (Allah’s path).

My personal note:
This aya explains the reasoning for the previous two Ayat and explains that the rulings that came before were in order to move people come with the witnessing “upon it’s face” which is an expression signifying the witnessing “as it should be”. In case that is not their incentive then they will have the incentive of fearing that an oath will be rejected including theirs in the future especially if they were exposed to by lying.

The aya ends up with a very important message and that Allah will not guide those who leave the path. It is a clear message that we cleanse and purify our intentions towards Allah’s direction and ask for his guidance. Otherwise, if our intention in impure and it leads us astray then we are at risk of not being guided by Allah, which is an outcome that we should avoid with all our energies.

In this general message is the advice to act consciously of Allah. It is that acute consciousness that should help us navigate our lives.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Thalika: that
Adna: closer
Note: the root is D-N-W and it means nearness or nearing. ADNA means nearer or nearest.
An: that
Yatoo: they come/ they bring
Note: the root is Hamza-T-Y and it means in concrete the water that comes from the rain of another land. Conceptually, it means the coming of something or someone with many of it’s implications. YATOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of coming is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

Bialshshahadati: by the witnessing/ with the witnessing
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. alshshahadati is derived from the root SH-H-D and it means witnessing of truth and it also denotes that the witness knows very well what he or she is witnessing about. The concrete meaning is the honey mixed with wax therefore the wax is the witness of the truth that the honey is the honey. Another concrete meaning is the baby that was just born and is covered with a membrane. In both, there is close association which is proof or witness of the fact. alshshahadati means the witnessing.

Aaala: upon
Wajhiha: it’s face/ as should be
Note: the root is W-J-H and it means face. It is used conceptually to mean what meets the eye or what receives others, since the face is what we meet first. WAJHI means face of. HA means her. In this case, the face points mainly to how it should be done and so on.

Aw: or
Yakhafoo: they fear
Note: the root is KH-W-F and it means fear. YAKHAFOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of fearing is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural) of the object (an turaddaa= that it be rejected).

An: that
Turadda: be rejected/ be repelled
Note: the root is R-D-D and it means: making an entity return to a point of beginning. This is the general conceptual meaning and it takes meanings of repelling or other forms of “making return” that are dictated by the context of the text. TURADDA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the making of the object (AYMANUN= oaths) return to their point of starting is happening or will be happening by an undeclared subject. In this context, it talks about rejecting an oath and so on.

Aymanun: oaths.
Note: AYMANUN is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right as in the opposite of left. This is then taken conceptually to mean many other things as in right hand, oath and good luck and so forth according to the context. AYMANUN means oaths.
baAAda: after
aymanihim: tehir oaths.
Note: AYMANIHIM is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right as in the opposite of left. This is then taken conceptually to mean many other things as in right hand, oath and good luck and so forth according to the context. AYMANI means in this context oath of. HIM means them.

Waittaqoo: and act consciously of
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ITTAQOO is derived from the root W-Qaf-W and it means guarding or protecting. Since the best way to guard is through consciousness and action according to consciousness. ITTAQOO is a demand addressing a group of people. It means: make yourselves act consciously of.
Allaha: Allah
waismaAAoo: and listen/ including listen
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ISMaAAoo is derived from The root S-M-Ain and and it means hearing or hearing and understanding or knowing and retaining at the same time. . ISMaAAoo is an order or a request addressed to a group of people. It means: listen or hear and understand.

waAllahu: and Allah/ while Allah
La: not
Yahdee: He guides
Note: YAHDEE is derived from the root H-D-Y and it means gift in all it’s forms and it carries the meaning of guidance since guidance is a gift. YAHDEE is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of guiding the object (ALQAWMA ALTHTHALIMEEN= the unjust people) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah). LA YAHDEE means He does not guide.
Alqawma: the people/ group
Note: the root is Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. ALQAWM are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together.

Alfasiqeena: the ones who left God’s path/ drifted from the path/ putting harm in the path
Note: the root is F-S-Qaf and it means in concrete when the seed is out of it’s pod or when the rat is out of her house or causing harm to the regular path of the people. So, it is used for someone leaving the path or someone harming the safety of it. This is then understood as when one is out of the right place for them. In the Qur’an, it is used to mean being outside of God’s way. ALFASIQEEN are the one who left God’s path or are trying to put harm or obstacles in it.


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein