8:60
وَأَعِدُّواْ لَهُم مَّا اسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن قُوَّةٍ وَمِن رِّبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِ عَدْوَّ اللّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ وَآخَرِينَ مِن دُونِهِمْ لاَ تَعْلَمُونَهُمُ اللّهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ وَمَا تُنفِقُواْ مِن شَيْءٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لاَ تُظْلَمُونَ
WaaAAiddoo lahum ma istataAAtum min quwwatin wamin ribati alkhayli turhiboona bihi AAaduwwa Allahi waAAaduwwakum waakhareena min doonihim la taAAlamoonahumu Allahu yaAAlamuhum wama tunfiqoo min shayin fee sabeeli Allahi yuwaffa ilaykum waantum la tuthlamoona
And prepare for them what you can of power and of mounted horses, you instill awe by it in Allah’s enemies and your enemies and others short of them. You (plural) do not know them however Allah knows them. And whatever you spend in Allah’s path will be rendered back to you, and you will not be shortchanged.
The Aya uses the AAaduww that was translated as enemy. However, the term carries with it someone who is an aggressor or a transgressor so an enemy in a relatively non peaceful way. The Aya also links this enemy as being an enemy of Allah and of the muslim community of Medina and therefore it brings to their attention not to be bogged down into minor interpersonal issues and look at the bigger picture and bigger threats at hand.
The Aya also brings about the most important point of buildup of power and mounted horses is that to instill fear and awe in the heart of any one who is interested in attacking that Muslim community. So, the main purpose is deterrence rather than a means to attack others.
WaaAAiddoo: and prepare
Note: WA is for the start of a sentence. aAAiDDOO is derived from the root Ain-D-D and it means counting. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of counting in addition to preparing what is needed because this includes counting. According to this context, aAAiDDOO takes the meaning of preparation or “making the count” more literally. aAAiDDOO is an order addressed to a group. It means: prepare.
Lahum: for them
Ma: what
istataAAtum: you (plural) were capable of
Note: ISTATaAATUM is derived from the root TTa-W-Ain and it means willing compliance as a concept. This can be extended to obeying and so forth and also easy capability. ISTATaAATUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of seeking and achieving obeying or willing compliance of the object (MA= what) happened by the subject (second person plural). In here, it points to the ability to prepare.
Min: of
Quwwatin: power/ arms/ strength
Note: the root is Qaf-W-Y and it means to become strong for the verb and Strong for the noun. QUWWATIN means power and strength and it may point to arms and manpower.
Ribati: tying of
Note: the root is R-B-TTa and it means tying the rope of any other entity together. RIBATI means tying of
Alkhayli: the horses
Note: the root is KH-Y-L and it means imagination or thought. It is used conceptually to point to imagination or thought process that may need imagination. In concrete it is used for horses. It is also extended, depending on the context, to mean imagining self more than what they are. ALKHAYL here means horses.
Turhiboona: you (plural) scare/ you instill awe
Note: the root is R-H-B and it means fear mixed with admiration and so forth, closer to being in awe of something. TURHIBOON is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means the action of making the object (AAaDUWWA ALLAHI= enemy of Allah) fear or being in awe is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. HI means Him and points to what they gathered of power and mounted horses.
AAaduwwa: enemy of/ transgressor against
Note: the root is Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. AAaDUWWA means enemy or enemies of.
Allahi: Allah
waAAaduwwakum: and your enemy/ and also your enemy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AAaDUWWAKUM is derived from the root Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. AAaDUWWA means enemy or enemies of. KUM is plural you
Waakhareena: and others/ and remaining group
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AKHAREENA is derived from the root Hamza-KH-R and it means remaining. AKHAREENA means the remaining or the later and in this context points to other people not declared enemies.
doonihim: short of them/ below of them/ lesser than them
Note: The root is D-W-N and it means short of someone or something. It can also mean lower than at times depending on the plane of thought of the sentence. DOONI means short of or below of. HIM means them
la taAAlamoonahumu: you (plural) do not know them
Note: LA is for negation of the coming action. TaAALAMOONAHUM is derived from the root root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. TaAALAMOON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (HUM= them) for fact is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Allahu: Allah
yaAAlamuhum: knows them
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. YaAALAMUHUM is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (HUM= them) for fact is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah)
Wama: and what
Tunfiqoo: you (plural) spend
Note: the root is N-F-Qaf. To explain it I use another derivative NAFAQ which means Tunnel. The tunnel is connection underground from one place to another. Therefore the essence of the word Tunnel is to “let Good/Useful things go to others under cover”. TUNFIQOO is an action that is completed or will be completed. It means: the action of spending is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural)
Shayin: a thing/ thing
Note: the root is SH-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAYIN means entity. It is taken here to mean a thing or entity
Fee: in/ on
Sabeeli: path of
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELI is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.
Allahi: Allah
Yuwaffa: dues will be given
Note: the root is W-F-Y and it means meeting dues. This then takes different meanings according to the plane of thought of the sentence. One meaning could be death since it is a meeting of dues, or just a taking of someone or something depending on the situation, or other forms of meeting dues. YUWAFFA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of giving dues to the object is happening or will be happening by an undeclared subject.
Ilaykum: to you
Waantum: and you
la tuthlamoona: will not be shortchanged.
Note: la is for negation of the action that is coming. TUTHLAMOONA is derived from the root THA-L-M and it means darkness in the most concrete form. This word also takes the meaning of misplacing right from wrong and transgression or injustice since injustice is displacing right from wrong and a decision made in darkness. TUTHLAMOON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of acting unjustly or displacing the object (ANTUM= plural you) is happening or will be happening by the subject (undeclared). In here the injustice is short changing or not giving the appropriate due for the service rendered.
Hussein
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