8:65

Salaam all,

8:65
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ حَرِّضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى الْقِتَالِ إِن يَكُن مِّنكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُواْ مِئَتَيْنِ وَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُم مِّئَةٌ يَغْلِبُواْ أَلْفًا مِّنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لاَّ يَفْقَهُونَ

Ya ayyuha alnnabiyyu harridi almumineena AAala alqitali in yakun minkum AAishroona sabiroona yaghliboo miatayni wain yakun minkum miatun yaghliboo alfan mina allatheena kafaroo biannahum qawmun la yafqahoona

The Aya says:
O you the prophet, exhort the faithful to the fighting. If there be of you twenty who are persevering they triumph over two hundred and if there be of you 100 they triumph over 1000 of the ones who rejected. That is by them being a people who do not comprehend.

My personal note:
Here the order to fight is by the order of a leader of the state, the prophet to protect the state from attack by the unbelievers. So, it should not be understood as an order to fight by a mob that is disorganized and without a centralized leadership and executive people in control.

The message from here is that the most essential element that is needed for success in battle is the SABR which is understood as patience/ deliberate actions / disciplined/ persevering all together as elements that are most consistent with triumphing over the other side in battle.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Ya ayyuha: O you
Alnnabiyyu: the prophet
Note: NABIYY is derived from one of two roots either The first is N-B-Hamza and it means news. The other is N-B-Y and it means elevated. The word NABIYY means a prophet, and it could be because the prophet brings news or that he is elevated over others or both.
Harridi; strongly encourage/ entice/ shame in case of inaction/ exhort
Note: HARRIDI is derived from the root Ha-R-Dhad and in the form of HARAD it means the entity that is in poor shape. HARRIDI is an order or a demand to a singular. It means: strongly encourage an action/ make it shameful if they did not act. It’s relationship with the entity in poor shape comes from making them aware that their lack of action makes them in poor shape and so forth.

Almumineena: the ones who bring safety/ trust/ the faithful

Note: ALMUMINEENA is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. ALMUMINEENA means: those who cause safety and trust to themselves and others in short the faithful.
AAala: upon
Alqitali: the fighting
Note: QITAL is an interactive word that means killing opposite killing. Therefore the one in QITAL is the person that is in the process of responding to another that is trying to kill him. This, in essence is the fighting, or the response to aggression through fighting back.

In: if
Yakun: it be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. YAKUN is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: it be in this context.
Minkum: among you (plural)
AAishroona: twenty
Sabiroona: persevering/ deliberately acting/ patient
Note: the root is Sad-B-R and it means jail or prison. The word is used to mean patience and restraint at the same time, since both are about imprisoning our negative emotions, thoughts, and the push to act uninhibited. SABIROON are the ones who are patient and deliberate in their actions and who persevere in the face of adversity and hardship in the context of this Aya.
Yaghliboo: they beat/ they triumph over
Note: the root is GHain-l-b or Gh-L-B and it means winning or defeating. Conceptually, it is used for difficulty imposed by an entity upon another. YAGHLIBOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of winning the battle or triumphing is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

Miatayni: two hundred

Wain: while if
Yakun: it be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. YAKUN is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: it be in this context.
Minkum: among you (plural)
Miatun: one hundred
Yaghliboo: they beat/ they triumph over
Note: the root is GHain-l-b or Gh-L-B and it means winning or defeating. Conceptually, it is used for difficulty imposed by an entity upon another. YAGHLIBOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of winning the battle or triumphing is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Alfan: one thousand
Mina: of/ from
Allatheena: those who
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
Biannahum: that by them
qawmun: a people
Note: QAWMUN is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMUN are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group.
la yafqahoona: who do not comprehend
Note: LA is for negation of the action that follows. YAFQAHOON is derived from the root F-Qaf-H and it means understanding. YAFQAHOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of understanding is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein