9:31
اتَّخَذُواْ أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِّن دُونِ اللّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُواْ إِلاَّ لِيَعْبُدُواْ إِلَـهًا وَاحِدًا لاَّ إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
Ittakhathoo ahbarahum waruhbanahum arbaban min dooni Allahi waalmaseeha ibna maryama wama omiroo illa liyaAAbudoo ilahan wahidan la ilaha illa huwa subhanahu AAamma yushrikoona
They took their scholars and ascetics and the messiah son of Mary as nurturing Lords short of Allah, while they were not ordered but to worship one God. There is no one worthy of worship but He, dignified is he well above what they partner.
There is a tradition ascribed to the prophet upon him be peace when a man who used to be Christian asked the prophet related to this Aya. The man asked that we did not worship our monks and scholars. The prophet answered that you obeyed them as they went contrary to the teachings of your books and that is why they were your lords. The message is that we should not obey any scholar or leader in the matters of religion when they clearly went against the teachings of the Qur’an.
I also put the messiah with the scholars whereas the Qur’anic placing of Messiah comes after “short of Allah”. The reason for this is that Grammatically, the statement says that they took him also as nurturing Lord short of Allah. I was afraid that if I put him later then I will be forced to put in further explanations in between quotation marks or that someone may misunderstand what they sentence actually says.
Also, I am having a great difficulty finding one word that translates Subhan towards the end. The word carries with it the meaning that Allah is free from any negative attribute that is ascribed to him or not ascribed to him. The Qur’an mentions the word often after statements by people that are negative and ascribed to Allah. I chose Dignified above because Subhan carries with it being above the accusation in a sense.
Ittakhathoo: took/ took for themselves
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. ITTAKHATHOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of taking the object (deenakum= your religion) happened by the subject (third person plural).
Ahbarahum: their scholars
Note: AHBAR is derived from the root HA-B-R and it means in concrete: ink in which one writes. This is then conceptually used for knowledge as well as for beautifying things because of the beauty of writing and calligraphy. ALAHBARA are scholars of. HUM means them.
Waruhbanahum: and their monks/ their ascetics
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. RUHBAN is derived from the root R-H-B and it means fear mixed with admiration and so forth, closer to being in awe of something. RUHBANAN means people in awe and the term is used for the monks and nuns, but is applicable to any person of sincere worship or any person in awe of God. RUHBANAHUM means their monks/ their ascetics.
Arbaban: lords/ nurturing lords
Note: the root is R-B-B and it means nurturing and Lordship as two components of the meaning that can be present together or one at a time according to the context of the sentence. ARBABAN means nurturing lords.
Min: from
Dooni: short of/ below of
Note: The root is D-W-N and it means short of someone or something. It can also mean lower than at times depending on the plane of thought of the sentence. DOONI means short of or below of.
Allahi: Allah
Waalmaseeha: and (took also as lord) the messiah
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALMASEEHA is derived from the root M-S-Ha and it means swipe one surface opposite another or rub. It could also mean anoint. ALMASEEHA means the Messiah or the anointed one or rubbed one. The A at the end of the word is very significant because it indicates that ALMASEEHA follows grammatically and in meaning the AHBAR and RUHBAN words which end in A rather than follow ALLAHI which ends in I. This signifies that they took him also as Lord short of ALLAH as the meaning which is Islamically unacceptable.
Ibna: son of
Maryama: Mary
Wama: and not
Omiroo: they were ordered
Note: the root is Hamza-M-R and it means ordering something and the implementation of it. OMIROO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of ordering the object (third person plural) happened by an undeclared subject.
Illa: except/ if not
liyaAAbudoo: to worship/ to humble themselves
Note: Li means to. YaAABUDOO is derived from the Ain-B-D and it means slave or servant. The road that is MUABBAD is the road that is well trodden and made easy to walk or drive on and so on. Conceptually, aAABD is an entity that is easy to manage and does smooth sailing either by it’s own or by being subject to pressure from above. It is used for slave or servant or anyone who is humbled for love or devotion or by the sheer power of the other entity. YaABUDOO is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of humbling oneself/ worshipping/ serving the object (ilaham= one worthy of worship) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural)
Ilahan: one worthy of worship/ God
Note: the root is Hamza-L-H and it means worthy of worship. ALLAH is the entity worthy of Worship and that is one of the names of God in Arabic and the most commonly used in Arabic by Muslim Arabs and non Muslim Arabs. ILAH means entity worthy of worship or God.
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one. WAHIDAN means one
La: no
ilaha :one worthy of worship/ God
Note: the root is Hamza-L-H and it means worthy of worship. ALLAH is the entity worthy of Worship and that is one of the names of God in Arabic and the most commonly used in Arabic by Muslim Arabs and non Muslim Arabs. ILAH means entity worthy of worship or God.
Huwa: He/ Him
subhanahu: Glorified is He/ exalted is He/ way above. dignified above
Note: the root is S-B-Ha and it gives the concrete meaning of swimming above the water or any smooth unhindered motion above an entity or a surface. When it is used for God, it carries the meaning of God being above any entity and unhindered by it. Basically what Glorification or exaltation of God constitutes. In this case, it also carries the meaning of being above and beyond what comes next.
AAamma: from what
Yushrikoona: they partner
Note: the root SH-R-K and it means partner or partnership and with this partnership is a measure of equality or being on par. YUSHRIKOON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making partners is happening by the subject (third person plural)
Hussein
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