2:185

Salaam all,

This is 2:185
شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِيَ أُنزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ هُدًى لِّلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِّنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ فَمَن شَهِدَ مِنكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَن كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِّنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ يُرِيدُ اللّهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلاَ يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ وَلِتُكْمِلُواْ الْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُواْ اللّهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ
Shahru ramadana allathee onzila feehi alquranu hudan linnasi wabayyinatin mina alhuda walfurqani faman shahida minkumu ashshahra falyasumhu waman kana mareedan aw AAala safarin faAAiddatun min ayyamin okhara yureedu Allahu bikumu alyusra wala yureedu bikumu alAAusra walitukmiloo alAAiddata walitukabbiroo Allaha AAala ma hadakum walaAAallakum tashkuroon

The Aya says:
The month of Ramadan, in which Al QUR’AN was arrived, is guidance to the people, and clarifications of the guidance and the differentiation (between good and bad). Therefore, whoever witnessed the month should abstain it/fast it. As for the one who was sick or on travel, therefore counting of other days. ALLAH seeks in you the ease and does not seek in you the difficulty, and to complete the count (of days) and to declare ALLAH's greatness for what he guided you, and perhaps you thank

My personal note:
This Aya talks about that the Qur’an which is translated as the collection of speech of GOD or the recitation of speech of GOD was arrived in Ramadan. This makes the month special for Abstaining or fasting. Abstaining and fasting are parts of the methods towards spiritual purity.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Shahru: month of
Note: the root is SH-H-R and it means, in concrete, appearing moon. This in turn can mean something apparent for the abstract because it is as apparent as the moon. It also can mean month because the month corresponds with the appearing moon and the new month is also the time of the reappearing of the moon. Here, the word is used for a lunar month of.
Ramadana: name of the month
Note: The root is R-M-Dhad and it means heat. RAMADAN was the month of heat because it fell in the heat of the summer. It was a lunar month and the calendar would add a year every three or so years in order to compensate for the shorter lunar year as opposed to the solar year. However, Islam banned the addition of such months. This meant that the month of Ramadan is now rotating through the year in a 33 year cycle.
Allathee: one that
Onzila: was made to arrive/was arrived
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it means arriving. The concrete words that are related to it are for places of arrival and staying. ONZIL is the third person past tense singular of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means was made to arrive.
Feehi: in him
Note: the him points to the month of Ramadan
Alquranu: the Qur’an
Note: the root is Qaf-R-Hamza and it means reading or collecting. According to Lisan Al Arab the collecting is the origin of the word. The reading therefore means exposure of the collected speech. AL Qur’an is therefore the collected speech of GOD and that is shared through reading it.
Hudan: guidance
Note: the root is H-D-Y and it means gifting. This is the concrete word. In abstract, it also could mean guidance since guidance is a gift. HUDAN means guidance.
Linnasi: to the people/to the society
Note: Li means to. ANNAS is derived from the root Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ANNAS are therefore the society with whom one socializes. It is thus the society or the people.
Wabayyinatin: And clarifiers/andclarifications
Note: WA means and. BAYYINAT is derived from the root B-Y-N and it means between in the concrete form. In abstract, it can mean many things and in here, it means clarifier/clarification. This is because the Between is something that helps clarify the difference between one thing and the other. BAYYINAT are therefore clarifications or clarifiers. The IN at the end are due to the grammatical location of the word.
Mina: of/from
Alhuda: The guidance
Note: the root is H-D-Y and it means gifting. This is the concrete word. In abstract, it also could mean guidance since guidance is a gift. ALHUDA means the guidance or the gift of guidance.
Walfurqani: and the differentiation (of right and wrong)
Note: WA means and. ALFURQAN is derived from the root F-R-Qaf and it means division and differentiation at the same time. ALFURQAN means the differentiation and division at the same time and that is the differentiation between good and bad. ALFURQAN can also be used as the name of the Qur’an.
Faman: therefore who
Shahida: witnessed/became witness
Note: the root is SH-H-D and it means honey mixed with the wax or the new born baby with the mucous on top. This is the concrete meaning. The abstract meaning gives the meaning of witnessing. So the wax is the witness that the honey is real and the mucous is the witness to the baby being just born. SHAHIDA is the third person singular past tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means, literally, arrived witnessing or became witness. This in turn means witnessed.
Minkumu: of you/from you (plural)
Note: the you is plural.
Ashshahra: the month/the appearing moon of the month
Note: the root is SH-H-R and it means, in concrete, appearing moon. This in turn can mean something apparent for the abstract because it is as apparent as the moon. It also can mean month because the month corresponds with the appearing moon and the new month is also the time of the reappearing of the moon. Here, the word is used for a lunar month of. ASHSHAR is the month or the appearing/apparent moon of the month.
Falyasumhu: Therefore to fast/abstain him
Note: FA means therefore. LI means to. YASUM is derived from the root Sad-Y-M and it means abstinence or abstaining. This includes any form of abstaining including food, drink, speech and so forth. The word is used to mean fasting during the month of Ramadan but this should include other forms of abstaining to maintain the spirituality of the person. YASUM is the third person singular present or future tense of a verb that literally means to become/arrive fasting. HU means him and it points to the month of Ramadan. Therefore YASUMHU literally means, arrive/become fasting him and that means fast the month.
Waman: And who
Kana: was/became being
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is the third person singular past tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means, literally arrive or became being (depending on location in the sentence). This in turn, means was in this sentence.
Mareedan: sick/ill/not his/her full self
Note: the root is M-R-Dhad and it means literally a situation where someone or something is lacking from their being their full selves. In abstract it is used for illness or anything that makes for an imbalance. MAREED is the person that is ill or sick or that is not his/her complete self. The AN at the end is grammatical.
Aw: or
AAala: on
Safarin: Travel
Note: the root is S-F-R and it means sweeping something so that it becomes clear and apparent to the sight or exposed. The term is also used for travel because traveling makes the traveler exposed more clearly and it exposes the traveler to seeing other things more clearly. SAFAR means travel in this situation. The IN at the end is due to grammatical location.
faAAiddatun: therefore counting
Note: FA means therefore. IDDATUN is derived from the root Ain-D-D and it means counting. IDDATUN means counting of something.
Min: from
Ayyamin: Days
Note: the root is Y-W-M and it means day. AYYAM is a plural of day and therefore the meaning of the word is Days. The IN at the end is due to the grammatical place of the word in the sentence.
Okhara: remaining/other/coming later
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-R and it means remaining in time or place. When it comes to time, it means remaining or coming later or just other. OKHAR therefore means remaining/coming later or other.
Yureedu: Seeks/wants
Note: the root is R-W-D and it means seeking and or discovering. It is used for the one that goes some place looking for food and pasture in the concrete form. Therefore the abstract has the meaning of seeking/looking for as well discovery at other times. YUREEDU is the third person singular present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means make arrive seeking in a literal sense. This means seeks or wants.
Allahu: the GOD
Bikumu: in you (plural)
Alyusra: the ease
Note: the root is Y-S-R and it means ease. ALYUSR means the ease
Wala: And not
Yureedu: Seeks/wants
Note: the root is R-W-D and it means seeking and or discovering. It is used for the one that goes some place looking for food and pasture in the concrete form. Therefore the abstract has the meaning of seeking/looking for as well discovery at other times. YUREEDU is the third person singular present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means make arrive seeking in a literal sense. This means seeks or wants
Bikumu: in you (plural)
alAAusra: the difficulty/the hardship
Note: the root is Ain-S-R and it means difficulty or hardship. ALAAuSR is the hardship or the difficulty.
Walitukmiloo: and that you complete
Note: Wa means and. LI means to which is also understood as in order to. TUKMILOO is derived from the root K-M-L and it means complete or completing. TUKMILOO is the second person plural present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means, literally, you (plural) become completing or you arrive completing. This, in turn means you complete.
alAAiddata: the count/the counting (of the days)
Note: the root Ain-D-D and it means counting. ALAAiDATA means the counting of something or the count and the something that is being counted here are the days of the fast or abstaining.
Walitukabbiroo: and to declare great (in all aspects physical, mental and spiritual, quality and so forth)
Note: WA means and. LI means to and it means in order to do. TUKABBIROO is derived from the root K-B-R and it means bigness or greatness in all the aspects as in physical, mental, spiritual and so forth. TUKABBIROO is the second person plural present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb means literally, make arrive greatness/bigness. This, in this situation means declaring (in words and deeds) greatness or declaring great.
Allaha: The GOD
AAala: on
Note: even though it means on. In this situation, it means because of.
Ma: what
Hadakum: he guided you (plural you)
Note: Note: the root is H-D-Y and it means gifting. This is the concrete word. In abstract, it also could mean guidance since guidance is a gift. HADA is the third person singular past tense of a verb that is derived from the same root. It means literally, arrived gift of guidance. KUM means plural you. Therefore HADAKUM means arrived you gift of guidance, which means HE guided you.
walaAAallakum: and perhaps you (plural)
tashkuroon: thank/become thankful
Note: the root is SH-K-R and it means thanking. TASHKUROON is the second person plural present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. The verb means literally arrive or become thanking with become thanking being the case if there is no mentioning of other parites (which is the case here). This means become thanking of GOD, arrive at being thankful or just thank.

Salaam all and have a great day


Hussein