5:85

Salaam all,


Faathabahumu Allahu bima qaloo jannatin tajree min tahtiha alanharu khalideena feeha wathalika jazao almuhsineena

The Aya says:
So Allah consistently rewarded them, by what they said, (with) gardens under which rivers flow. They are staying in it and that is the deserved compensation of the ones who do goodness.

My personal note:
Athab means literally to consistently bring back and in this context it points to bringing them back to Heaven and the gardens that Allah preserved for His sincere worshippers. I translated it as reward but it can also be translated as bringing back because we started there when Adam was created.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Faathabahumu: therefore He rewarded them/ consistently rewarded them/ returned them
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. ATHABAHUM is derived from the root TH-W-B and it means to come and return (to fill and refill of goodness). Concrete words are MATHAB which is the well or pool that fills and refills with water and where people go and return for watering. Another concrete word is THAWB and it means dress because we fill it and refill it with our bodies. ATHABA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of consistently making the object (hum= them) receive pay back and here it suggests reward happened by the subject (Third person singular).
Allahu: Allah
Bima: by what/ with what/ in what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what
Qaloo: they said/ communicated
Note: QALOO is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person plural). This, in turn means: they said or they happened to say or communicate.

Jannatin: gardens/ paradises
Note: JANNATIN is derived from the root J-N-N and it means hidden or hiding. It is therefore used to mean darkness because it hides as well as garden because gardens can be hidden or because it has less light than the place out in the sun for the Arabs of the desert. JANNATIN means: gardens/ Hidden entities.
Tajree: She flows/ they flow
Note: the root is J-R-Y and it means flowing as in the flowing of the river or any movement that is smooth and relatively fast. TAJREE is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of flowing is happening or will be happening by the subject (ANHARU=rivers and is coming up).

Min: from
Tahtiha: under her/underneath her
Note: the root is T-Ha-T and it means under. TAHTI means under of. HA means her and it points to the garden.
Alanharu: the rivers/the running water
Note: The root is N-H-R and one of the concrete meanings of the word is running water or river. It is then used to mean running or glowing in many other meanings and contexts according to the nature of what is talked about. ALANHARU are the rivers or the running waters.

Khalideena: Staying unchanged
Note: the root is KH-L-D and it means something that stays the same. In concrete, it is used for the rocks and the mountains that seem to be unchanged through the ages. KHALIDEENA means staying unchanged.
Feeha: in her
Wathalika: and that
Jazao: deserved compensation of/ payback of
Note: JAZAO is derived from the root J-Z Y and it means compensation for action that can be good or bad. JAZAO is compensation of.
Almuhsineena: the ones causing goodness/ beauty
Note: the root is Ha-S-N and it means beauty and goodness in all the aspects of beauty and goodness. MUHSINEEN are the ones who cause or make goodness or beauty.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein