Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo innama alkhamru waalmaysiru waalansabu waalazlamu rijsun min AAamali alshshaytani faijtaniboohu laAAallakum tuflihoona
The Aya says:
O you who made themselves safe (in Allah) the intoxicant, the gambling, the idols and the decision purely upon chance are nothing but dirtiness/ harm from the work of Satan therefore avoid him, perhaps you make success happen (to you and others).
My personal note:
The Aya contains repeats the principle that god prohibits what is bad for us. KHAMR as a word covers all that covers or clouds our brains whether it is drink, or otherwise.
The banning of gambling covers some components here:
1- It is an activity that is not productive and not involving exchange of one thing for another.
2- The winner takes all. While the loser is left with nothing
3- Unpredictability or poor predictability.
Those components are very important to take into consideration because through the hadeeth one also finds a very skeptical view of highly speculative or poorly predictable transactions. They are generally looked at with suspicion unless there is some sort of protection of all involved in this transaction in the form of sharing the gain and sharing the loss.
Translation of the transliterated words:
Ya ayyuha allatheena: O those who
Note: the three words used here are callings.
Amanoo: made themselves safe
Note: the root is Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. AMANOO is an action that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the same entity here) become safe happened by the subject (third person plural). So, it ends up meaning: they made themselves safe.
Innama: (what comes next) is nothing but
Alkhamru: wine/ the intoxicant/ the brain-clouder
Note: the root is KH-M-R and the concrete applies to any cover that intimately covers the entity. This word is used for wine and any intoxicant because they intimately cover the brain and mix it up . ALKHAMR is therefore the wine, and anything that clouds the brain.
waalmaysiru: and the gambling
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALMAYSIRU is derived from the root Y-S-R and it means ease or easy. ALMAYSIR is the place or time of ease in a literal sense. In this case, it is used to mean gambling because it is a time of ease and it is easy money that one does not work for.
Waalansabu: and the idols
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALANSAB is derived from the root N-Sad-B and it means something elevated that it can be seen. It then can take many other meanings as in pursuit of something elevated, admired, desired or worshipped. Here, it is pointing to the idols that people may worship or anything that can become idolized other than Allah.
Waalazlamu: and the chance/ and deciding upon chance.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALAZLAM is derived from the root Z-L-M and it means the sticks of wood that are used to ignite a fire through friction. Therefore they are eroded on the edges from the constant friction and so on. The Arabs used those sticks to decide chances between them so one picks the stick and if he picked the shorter one he will get the short end of the stick, so to speak. This is the conceptual meaning and is then used for anything that decides on chance and not on study. ALAZLAM therefore here means the chance. The context here is against deciding purely by chance.
Rijsun: harm/ dirtiness
Note: the root is R-J-S and it is anything that is dirty and contains harm. Conceptually, it is then used for sinful acts, harmful acts or any form of painful punishment and so on. RIJSUN means harm or dirtiness and that points to the action that produced them and the product of doing them.
Min: from
AAamali: work of
Note: the root is Ain-M-L and it means work. AAaMALI means work of.
Alshshaytani: Satan/ the one that is displaced from God’s mercy and works on displacing others.
Note: the root is SH-Ta-N and it means in one of the concrete meanings the long rope and in another the long rope at the well that one uses to get the bucket out of the water. The term is used to mean far and away (in all the planes of thought) as the long rope and it is also used for displacement or pulling away, as a parallel to the rope that pulls the bucked out of the water. ALSHAITAN is the one who is far or away (from God’s mercy) and who works at pulling others away through his long “rope”. It is the word used from Satan.
Faijtaniboohu: so avoid him
Note: FA means therefore or so or then. IJTANIBOOHU is derived from the root J-N-B and it means side of an entity. This word then takes many meanings according to the context, including setting aside, as in avoiding or rejecting as well as being close as in being beside an entity. In this context, it suggests avoidance. IJTANIBOO is an order or a demand addressed to a group. It means avoid. HU means him and it points to each entity that was mentioned earlier.
laAAallakum: perhaps
tuflihoona: succeed/ cause success
Note: the root is F-L-Ha and it means to plow the land. This is also considered as a cause for one to have the better harvest. TUFLIHOON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. This verb means literally, make yourselves cause better harvest. This, in turn means make yourselves succeed but also open the door for others to succeed.
Salaam all and have a great day
hussein
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