Innama yureedu alshshaytanu an yooqiAAa baynakumu alAAadawata waalbaghdaa fee alkhamri waalmaysiri wayasuddakum AAan thikri Allahi waAAani alssalati fahal antum muntahoona
The aya says:
Satan seeks nothing but effect between you (plural) the animosity and hatred in the intoxicant and gambling and to block/ divert you from mentioning and remembering Allah, including the ritual prayer. So are you then desisting?! (From those two issues)
My personal note:
This Aya presents an important aspect that plays in the working and understanding of a scholar. It is the issue that the ruling is linked to the reasoning behind it. The general understanding of Muslim scholars is that every ruling has a reason or reasons which can be shared with us as above or kept in God’s wisdom as in prohibition of Pork and so on.
The linking to reasoning here helps the scholars explain the prohibition but it also helps them derive other rulings. So, in here the reasons behind prohibiting the two activities are several and those are:
1- They can be cause for conflict.
2- They block us or divert us from remembering and mentioning Allah including keep us away from prayer, either through drunkenness or through keeping us away from it because we are taken by the activity so that the time of prayer has passed.
So, one can conclude that any activity that can sow conflict without redeeming other qualities in it can be considered either strongly discouraged or even prohibited. Also, any condition that will make a person miss his prayer will then be considered either strongly discouraged or prohibited provided that he or she has alternatives to do.
Translation of the transliterated words:
Innama: (what comes next) is nothing but
Yureedu: He seeks/ wants
Note: the root is R-W-D and it means in concrete the person that goes ahead of the people looking for resources. Therefore, the word has within it the meanings of pioneering, seeking and desiring. YUREEDU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of seeking or wanting is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Alshshaytanu: Satan/ the one that is displaced from God’s mercy and works on displacing others.
Note: the root is SH-Ta-N and it means in one of the concrete meanings the long rope and in another the long rope at the well that one uses to get the bucket out of the water. The term is used to mean far and away (in all the planes of thought) as the long rope and it is also used for displacement or pulling away, as a parallel to the rope that pulls the bucked out of the water. ALSHAITAN is the one who is far or away (from God’s mercy) and who works at pulling others away through his long “rope”. It is the word used from Satan.
An: that/ to
yooqiAAa: he makes fall/ he effects/ drops
Note: the root is W-Qaf-Ain and it means one entity falling on another, mainly things falling on the ground and causing a sound or effect. It is often used for the raining hitting the ground. Conceptually, it is used for falling and also for taking effect or making an effect on another entity. YOOQiAAa is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of effecting or causing falling is happening by the subject (Third person singular pointing to Satan) to an object (coming up).
Baynakumu: between you (plural)
alAAadawata: the animosity/ the aggression
Note: the root is Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. ALAAaDAWATA means the animosity or aggression.
Waalbaghdaa: and the hatred/ including the hatred/ugliness.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. Albaghdaa is derived from the root B-Ghayn-Dhad and it means ugliness in all it’s forms and is used to mean hatred since hatred is ugly. ALBAGHDAa mean the hatred or the ugliness.
Fee: in
alkhamri : wine/ the intoxicant/ the brain-clouder
Note: the root is KH-M-R and the concrete applies to any cover that intimately covers the entity. This word is used for wine and any intoxicant because they intimately cover the brain and mix it up . ALKHAMR is therefore the wine, and anything that clouds the brain.
waalmaysiri: and the gambling
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALMAYSIRI is derived from the root Y-S-R and it means ease or easy. ALMAYSIR is the place or time of ease in a literal sense. In this case, it is used to mean gambling because it is a time of ease and it is easy money that one does not work for.
Wayasuddakum: and block you (plural)/ and divert you
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. YASUDDA is derived from the root Sad-D-D and it means in concrete when the clapping of the hands or the expression of puss when the skin is squeezed opposite itself. Therefore, the concept carries the meaning of something opposite something or something blocking something or tightening on something as in squeezing it and making it difficult to proceed or forcing it to go another path. YASUDDA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of blocking and tightening the object (KUM= plural you) from another object (Aan thikr Allah= from mentioning and remembering Allah) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Satan).
AAan: about/ away from
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from and so on.
Thikri: mentioning and remembering of
Note: the root is TH-K-R and it means mention and remember, at the same time. The concrete word is something running on the tongue as if speaking it. Another concrete word is male or the male organ. The relationship between the two is not very clear and they can be different words that share the sound but have different root. It could be that the male is considered the active organ and that memory is an active process, but that is only a theory. THIKRI means mentioning and remembering of.
Allahi: Allah
waAAani: including from/ and from
Alssalati: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Fahal antum: therefore are you (plural)
Muntahoona: making your-selves desist. Cease
Note: the root is N-H-Y and it means stopping or ending or desisting. This then takes different form according to the plane of thought of the sentence. MUNTAHOON are people who make themselves cease or desist from an activity and the activities here are intoxicants and gambling.
Salaam all and have a great day.
Hussein
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