Salaam all
10:99
walaw shāa rabbuka laāmana man fī l-arḍi kulluhum jamīʿan afa-anta tuk`rihu l-nāsa ḥattā yakūnū mu`minīna
The Aya says:
And had your nurturing Lord willed then
all those on the earth would have attained faith collectively, Do you then force
people so they become faithful?!
My personal note:
The Aya reminds the prophet upon him be
peace that the matters of attaining faith or not are subject to the free will
that God granted to humans. So, the
prophet or others cannot and should not force people to become believers.
Translation of the transliterated words:
walaw: and
if
Shāa: Willed
Note:
the root is Sh-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAA is an action that is completed
that is derived from the root. It means that the action of entitying happened
by the subject (third person singular). Therefore it means: He entitied and in
this context, it takes the meaning He willed.
RABBUKA: Your nurturing Lord
Note:
the root is R-B-B and it means nurturing and Lordship as two components of the
meaning that can be present together or one at a time according to the context
of the sentence. RABBU is nurturing
Lord of. KUM means Singular you.
Laāmana:
then would have attained faith/ then would have believed
Note: LA here is a response to the earlier conditional. AMANA is an action that
is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making
the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the
same entity here) become safe happened by the subject (third person plural).
So, it ends up meaning: theyu attained faith,
Man: whoever/
who
Fī: in/ on
l-arḍi: The
land/ the earth
Note: ALARDI is derived
from the root Hamza-R-Dhad and it means earth or land. ALARDI is the earth/ the land.
Kulluhum: All
of them
Note: KULLU is derived
from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete
and it means all or every or each. It can also be extended conceptually to mean
the parts surrounding an entity. KULLU means every, or each. HUM means them
jamīʿan: All/ collectively
Note:
the root is J-M-Ain and it means gather the different parts together or putting
things together. JAMeeAAaN means together or all.
afa-anta: So you
(singular)?!
tuk`rihu: force/ compel/ Coerce
Note:
the root is K-R-H and it means doing something when unwilling and hating to do
it or just disliking an entity. Therefore, conceptually, it takes the meaning
of disliking an entity. For actions it takes the meaning of hating to do
something and being forced to do something against will. TUKRIHU is an action that is happening or
will be happening. It means the action
of compelling/coercing/ forcing the object (ALNNASA= the people/ society) is
happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular)
l-nāsa:
the people/ the society
Note: ALNASSI is derived from the root Hamza-N-S
and it means socializing. ALNNAS means the people or humans.
ḥattā: until
yakūnū: they
be/ they become
Note:
the root is K-W-N and it means being.
YAKOONU is an action that is being completed or will be completed that
is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be
happening by the subject (third personal plural).
mu`minīna: faithful
Note: MUMINEEN is derived from the root
is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means
safe or safety. MUMINEENA are those who
are on the path of safety in Allah and those are the faithful.
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