4:115

Salaam all,

This is 4:115
وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ الرَّسُولَ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ الْهُدَى وَيَتَّبِعْ غَيْرَ سَبِيلِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِ مَا تَوَلَّى وَنُصْلِهِ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَاءتْ مَصِيرًا
Waman yushaqiqi alrrasoola min baAAdi ma tabayyana lahu alhuda wayattabiAA ghayra sabeeli almumineena nuwallihi ma tawalla wanuslihi jahannama wasaat maseeran

The Aya says:
And whoever pulls apart from the messenger, after the guidance had become clear to him, and follows other than the path of the ones who make themselves safe (in Allah and the message), We will make him protégé of what he made himself follow and make him reach Hell. And she (Hell) is a hated ending.

My personal note:
Here, the Aya points to the importance of being honest with ourselves once we discover the right path. It becomes an obligation to follow it. It also declares that the right path is the path of Allah’s envoy to us Muhammad (pbuh) and those who followed him.

The other important thing is that if we decide to chose other than Allah’s path then we put ourselves under the guardianship of other than God. We become protégés of those entities and that is a sure path to Hell.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waman: and who
Yushaqiqi: fissures with/ separates from/ breaks away/ pulls apart
Note: the root is SH-Qaf-QAF and it means fissuring in the concrete from and that means the breaking away process. YUSHAQIQ is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of separating or breaking away or fissuring with the object (alrrasoola = the messenger/ envoy) is happening or will be happening in an interactive manner.
Alrrasoola: the messenger/ the envoy
Note: ALRRASOOLA is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. ALRRASOOLA means the envoy or the messenger.
Min: from
baAAdi: after
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADI here means: after.
Ma: what
Tabayyana: became clear/ made itself clear
Note: the root is B-Y-N and it means in concrete between. The action of the verb is betweening. This betweening can mean clarifying because one can know better the difference between two things. It also can mean distancing because the betweening makes things become apart. TABAYYANA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of becoming clear or of making itself clear happened by the subject (AHUDA= the guidance).
Lahu: to him/ to himself
Note: the HIM here points to the person.
Alhuda: the guidance
Note: The root is H-D-Y and it means gift in all it’s forms and it carries the meaning of guidance since guidance is a gift. ALHUDA is the guidance or the gift of guidance.
wayattabiAA: and he follows/ joins and follows
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. YATTABiAA is derived from the root T-B-Ain and it means following footsteps or following behind, or joining and following. YATTABiAA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making oneself follow the object (Ghayra=other than) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).

Ghayra: other than
Note: GHAYRA is derived from the root GH-Y-R and it means other or different from. GHAYRA means different or other than.
Sabeeli: path of
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELI is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.
Almumineena: the ones who make themselves safe (in Allah and His message)
Note: the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. ALMUMINEENA means ones who make themselves safe.
Nuwallihi: We make him follow/ we make him protégé of/ we put him under guardianship of
Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship and protégé relationship. NUWALLI is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of making the object (HI=him) follow or become protégé of another object (MA TAWALLA= what he followed) is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person plural). In this context, it carries the meaning of either following the entity he followed or putting him under the guardianship of that entity and both have a shared meaning.
Ma: what
tawalla: He made himself follow
Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship. TAWALLA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of making oneself follow own direction with one’s own guarantee, happened by the subject (third person singular). This is used here to mean directing oneself away from what is offered and the guarantee that is offered. In this context, it carries the meaning of following a different path than the path of the ones who are safe in Allah.

Wanuslihi: and We make him reach
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. NUSLIHI is derived from the root W-Sad-L means a connection. Some of the derivatives WOOSOOL mean arrival somewhere (since by arriving, you conceptually connected between two places). NUSLIHI is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making an object (HI=Him) arrive or reach to another object (JAHANNAM=Hell) is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person plural).
Jahannama: Hell
Note: JAHANNAM is one of the Arabic names for Hell. The root J-H-N-M points to a very deep well where if one falls in it, there is no way out or very very difficult to come out. The relationship with Hell is that it is a deep trouble to fall into.
Wasaat: and she is hated/ ugly
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. SAAT is derived from the root S-Y-Hamza and it means hated word or deed. It can also mean ugly or vulnerable. All the meanings are linked somehow by one concept. This word then means different things according to the plane of thought that is being talked about. SAAT is an action that is completed. It means: the action of becoming hated or ugly happened by the subject (Jahannam= Hell).

Maseeran: ending/ final outcome
Note: The root is Sad-Y-R and it means in concrete where the water ends. It is used to mean the end of a transformation or the ending of any process. MASEERAN is the place or time of ending or both. It can also mean the ending.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

4:114

Salaam all,

This is 4:114
لاَّ خَيْرَ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِّن نَّجْوَاهُمْ إِلاَّ مَنْ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوْ مَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ إِصْلاَحٍ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ ابْتَغَاء مَرْضَاتِ اللّهِ فَسَوْفَ نُؤْتِيهِ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا
La khayra fee katheerin min najwahum illa man amara bisadaqatin aw maAAroofin aw islahin bayna alnnasi waman yafAAal thalika ibtighaa mardati Allahi fasawfa nuteehi ajran AAatheeman

The Aya says:
No good in much of their secret dealings if not who orders by charity or recognized acts of goodness or reconciliation between the people. And whoever does that pursuing Allah’s loving acceptance, then We shall bring him a great reward.

My personal note:
In a sense the aya casts a shadow of skepticism on secret dealings between people unless they were in the direction of charity, reconciliation and recognized acts of goodness. This last one is really important in a sense. MAAaROOF is something that is agreed upon as being good. So, someone cannot say, if it is good in my view only, then it is legitimate. He or she will need the agreement of many others.

The other issue in this Aya is that it suggests that those actions do good for humanity in general and humans that do them will be rewarded by them in this life. However, in the case of those who do them seeking Allah’s loving acceptance, then the reward is always bigger and encompasses this life and the next.

The scholars of the past mentioned that for the action to be accepted by God it has to be khalisan Sawaban= pure and correct. The action is pure when it is done for God only and correct, when it is done as properly as could be.

Translation of the transliterated words:

La: no
Khayra: good
Note: the root is KH-Y-R and it means choice. It is also understood as good or as better, because one would chose the good over the bad. KHAYRA means: good or choice with the understanding that one should chose what is good.
Fee: in
Katheerin: much
Note: the root is K-TH-R and it means many or numerous in all the planes of thought. KATHEERIN means: numerous or many or a lot. In here, it fits much.
Min: of/ from
Najwahum: their secret dealings
Note: The root is N-J-W and it means to come out of a tight situation or place or otherwise according to the situation. It is used to mean saving from a bad place but it can mean other things according to the context. One of the derivatives of the word is NAJWA which means the thing that people keep tightly held and that is their secret. NAJWA here means secret dealings of. HUM means them
Illa: if not/ except
Man: who
Amara: ordered/ implemented
Note: The root is Hamza-M-R and it means ordering something and the implementation of it. Sometimes it attains the implementation part or matter as in personal matter and so forth, and at times it is the order and implementation of the order, depending on the situation in the sentence. AMARA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of ordering or ordering to implement or implementing the object (bisadaqatin= by charity) happened by the subject (third person singular or plural)
Bisadaqatin: by charity/ with charity
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. SADAQATIN is derived from the root Sad-D-Qaf and it means truth in word or deed. When it is in deed, it takes the shape of charity as the act of truthfulness or that charity is considered giving what truly belongs to the ones who receive it. SADAQTIN means charity.
Aw: or
maAAroofin: recognized act of goodness
Note: MaAAROOF is derived from the root Ain-R-F and it means the elevated place that will be known or recognized from a distance. MaAAROOF is what is recognized. This is also used to mean what is good or recognized as being good or appropriate. MaAAROOFIN means recognized as good.
Aw: or
Islahin: reconciliation/ mending
Note: the root is Sad-L-Ha and it means becoming helpful or useful in a good direction. This means mainly: becoming one of benefit as in benefiting oneself and others. Included in this meaning is becoming fixed after having been broken. ISLAHIN means making fruitfulness and in this context, reconciliation/ fixing what was broken or fissured.
Bayna: between
Alnnasi: the people/ society
Note: ALNNAS is derived from the root Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ALNNAS are the society/the people.
Waman: and whoever
yafAAal: does
Note: the root is F-Ain-L and it means doing. YAfaAAL is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of doing is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Thalika: that
Note: this points to the issues mentioned in the previous Aya. They are the killing of one’s selves or each other, as well as the eating of each other in illegal ways.
Ibtighaa: seeking/ pursuing
Note: the root is B-GH-Y and it means the young unripe fruit and the young animal. This is some of the concrete meaning. It does attain the meaning of something to aspire to or pursue, as well as something bad or immature. Both may share that youth aspires to mature, and youth is associated with immaturity and foolish actions. IBTIGHAA means the desiring/aspiring/ pursuing for one self or the seeking for oneself.

Mardati: loving acceptance/ approval
Note: the root is R-Dhad-Y and it means loving acceptance, or agreeing and loving at the same time or mainly approval since approval has the meaning of acceptance in a deeper sense. MARDATI means loving acceptance of or approval of.
Allahi: Allah
Fasawfa: then shall
Note: SAWFA means that the action that comes after is in the future.
Nuteehi: give him/ make come to him/ bring to him
Note: the root is Hamza-T-Y and it means in concrete the water that comes from the rain of another land. In concrete it means the coming of something or someone with many of it’s implications. NUTEEHI is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making come of an object (AJRAN= reward) to another object (HI=him) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

Ajran: Compensation/reward
Note: the root is Hamza-J-R and it means compensation for work done. AJRAN means compensation of work or just compensation or reward.
AAatheeman: great
Note: the root is Ain-TH-M and it means great/hard/strong. The concrete word is AAaTHM and that is the bones or the hard/strong/firm core of things. AAaTHEEM means great.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

4:113

Salaam all,

This is 4:113
وَلَوْلاَ فَضْلُ اللّهِ عَلَيْكَ وَرَحْمَتُهُ لَهَمَّت طَّآئِفَةٌ مُّنْهُمْ أَن يُضِلُّوكَ وَمَا يُضِلُّونَ إِلاُّ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَمَا يَضُرُّونَكَ مِن شَيْءٍ وَأَنزَلَ اللّهُ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَكَ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ تَعْلَمُ وَكَانَ فَضْلُ اللّهِ عَلَيْكَ عَظِيمًا
Walawla fadlu Allahi AAalayka warahmatuhu lahammat taifatun minhum an yudillooka wama yudilloona illa anfusahum wama yadurroonaka min shayin waanzala Allahu AAalayka alkitaba waalhikmata waAAallamaka ma lam takun taAAlamu wakana fadlu Allahi AAalayka AAatheeman

The Aya says:
And if not for Allah’s favor upon you (singular) and His mercy, then would have commenced a group of them to misguide you (singular). And they will not misguide but themselves and they will not harm you (singular) a thing. And Allah sent upon you (singular) the book and the wisdom and made you (singular) know what you did not happen to know. And the favor of Allah upon you (singular) happened to be great.

My personal note:
This aya tells us how the favor of Allah upon the prophet (PBUH) was so great. The book and wisdom is something that I may have mentioned before. In it’s big general terms it encompasses knowledge and application of that knowledge in the best possible way. It also could be looked at as the wisdom as something that is encompassed within the book since both are linked by the WAW and the WAW can mean that one thing is encompassed within another. This would still give the same meaning since two different people can read the same book but what they learn and apply from it are two different things or at least at different degrees of mastery.

This suggests that the prophet (pbuh) was not only given the book, but also the best way to utilize it in his every day life. Thus he would be a great example for all of us.

Another message is that people who are dishonest and who try to misguide others end up mainly harming their own selves.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Walawla: and if not for
Fadlu: bounty of/ favor of/ abundance of
Note: the root is F-Dhad-L and it means overflowing of good or being able to fulfill all your needs from an entity and then still have more of it spared. It can also mean abundance due to the same reason. FADLU means: overflowing of good of or provision of more goodness than is required to cover the needs so that there will remain more of it left.
Allahi: Allah
AAalayka: upon you (singular pointing to Muhammad PBUH)
Warahmatuhu: and His mercy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. RAHMATUHU is derived from the root R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. This term is used to mean mercy and all the good that the womb provides. RAHMATU is the womb-like mercy of. HU means him and it points to Allah.
Lahammat: then would have commenced/ would have contemplated
Note: La is a response to the conditional LAWLA that started the Aya. Then it closer to Then would have as a meaning. HAMMAT is derived from the root H-M-M and it means concern or contemplated thought which may or may not be followed by commencement of action upon that concern. Sometimes, the meaning will take the form of commencement of action alone, others the concern or thought alone and in others, both. HAMMAT is an action that is completed. It means: the action of contemplating or commencing action happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Taifatun= a group)
Taifatun: a group
Note: the root is TTa-W-F and it means to go around something in circles so that you get the feeling that you surround it. This is the concrete meaning and the abstract can be related to it especially the meaning of knowing something very well and being keen about it. TAIFATUN is a circle in a conceptual manner. In the context of this Aya, it takes the meaning of a group.
Minhum: from them/ amongst them
An: that
Yudillooka: they make you (singular) lost/ misguided
Note: the root is Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the road or losing something. YUDILLOOKA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (KA= singular you) loose the path or become misguided is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Wama: and not/ and what
Yudilloona: they make lost/ misguided
Note: the root is Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the road or losing something. YUDILLOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (ILLA ANFUSAHUM= except themselves) loose the path or become misguided is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Illa: if not/ except
Anfusahum: themselves
Note: ANFUSAHUM is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath but is extended to mean self since the self breathes and that defines her existence. ANFUSA is a noun that is derived from this root and it means Selves of. HUM means them.
Wama: and not
Yadurroonaka: they harm you (singular)/ they make you harmed
Note: the root is Dhad-R-R and it means to harm or opposite of benefit. Concrete word is DAREER and it means blind person or a person that is afflicted with weakness and illness. YADURROONAKA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. The action of making harm against the object (KA= Singular you) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Min: of/ from
Shayin: a thing/ an entity
Note: the root is SH-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAYIN means entity. It is taken here to mean a thing or entity.
Waanzala: and He made descended/ And he brought down
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ANZALA is derived from the root N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. ANZALA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making arrive or making descend happened by the subject (first person singular).
Allahu: Allah
AAalayka: upon you (singular pointing to Muhammad pbuh)
Alkitaba: the book/ the collection of knowledge
Note: the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and the ideas together. ALKITABA means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together. In a sense, it points to the collection of knowledge and information that are communicated.

Waalhikmata: and the wisdom/ including the wisdom/ application
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AlHIKMATA is derived from the root Ha-K-M and it means rule or judge or to reach the best ruling using the best tools possible including knowledge, compassion and justice. One concrete word is the steer that steers the animals. The relationship is that the steer helps move the animal in the best direction that the steerer wants. ALHIKMATA is often translated as the wisdom and that would be the arrival at the best steering judgment or best application or both.

waAAallamaka: and He taught you (singular)/ made you know
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AAaLLAMAKA is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AAaLLAMAKA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (KA= singular you) know happened by the subject (third person singular)
Ma: what
Lam: not
Takun: you (singular) happen to / happen to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. TAKUN is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular).
taAAlamu: know
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. TaAALAMU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (undeclared) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular).
Wakana: and happened to be
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KANA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular pointing to Allah). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.

Fadlu: bounty of/ favor of/ abundance of
Note: the root is F-Dhad-L and it means overflowing of good or being able to fulfill all your needs from an entity and then still have more of it spared. It can also mean abundance due to the same reason. FADLU means: overflowing of good of or provision of more goodness than is required to cover the needs so that there will remain more of it left.
Allahi: Allah
AAalayka: upon you (singular pointing to Muhammad PBUH)
AAatheeman: great
Note: the root is Ain-TH-M and it means great/hard/strong. The concrete word is AAaTHM and that is the bones or the hard/strong/firm core of things. AAaTHEEM means great.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein

4:112

Salaam all,

This is 4:112
وَمَن يَكْسِبْ خَطِيئَةً أَوْ إِثْمًا ثُمَّ يَرْمِ بِهِ بَرِيئًا فَقَدِ احْتَمَلَ بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا
Waman yaksib khateeatan aw ithman thumma yarmi bihi bareean faqadi ihtamala buhtanan waithman mubeenan

The aya says:
And whoever acquires an error or a sin, then he accuses an innocent with it then indeed, he made himself bear an exposed falsehood and self evident sin.

My personal note:
This aya clearly is about prohibiting people from making errors or sins and then accusing others accused of those actions.

BUHTAN is a clear or exposed falsehood and that is a sign that it is such a big falsehood that it should not hide from any perceiving person, yet people still do it.

Translation of the transcribed words:
Waman: and who
Yaksib: earns/ acquires
Note: the root is K-S-B and it means earning, acquiring or collecting. YAKSIB is an action that is being completed or will be completed and that is derived from the root. It means: the action of earning or collecting is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Khateeatan: an error
Note: the root is KH-TTa-Hamza and it means error/mistake. This can be intentional or unintentional. KHATEEATAN is the error or mistake.
Aw: or
Ithman: sin/ injustice
Note: the root is Hamza-TH-M and it means breaking of rule or rules of justice, morality and ethics. This means error or fault with a tinge of knowing it. ITHM is the breaking of the rule of justice and morality while aware of it. It fits closely with sin when knowing that it is sin. It is also injustice.
Thumma: then (can be soon or late)
Note: this is a sequence in time or space or whatever a sequence applies to. As opposed to the FA which is often used as a sequence, the THUMMA allows for an immediate or relaxed sequence, with the possibility of intervening events, while the FA is an immediate sequence only with no intervening events.
Yarmi: targets/ accuses/ throws
Note: the root is R-M-Y and it means in concrete throwing a stone or spear at a target. Conceptually, it can be used for throwing something at a target or for targeting or sometimes, just for throwing according to the context. YARMI is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of throwing the object (BIHI= with it, the sin or error) at another object (bareean= innocent) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Bihi: by him/ With him
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. HI means him and it points to the sin or error.
Bareean: an innocent/ one with no association
Note: the root B-R-Hamza and it means dissociation from something or someone. BAREEAN is someone with no association to the matter and here it points to an innocent person.
Faqadi: then indeed
Ihtamala: he carried/ he made himself bear
Note: the root is HA-M-L and it means in one concrete usage, being pregnant and in another, the new born sheep. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of carrying including taking responsibility for. IHTAMALA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making oneself carrying or bearing responsibility of the object (Buhtanan) happened by the subject (third person singular).
Buhtanan: exposed or clear falsehood
Note: the root is B-H-T and it means exposing falsehood or exposed falsehood. BUHTANAN is a clear or exposed falsehood.
Waithman: and sin/ injustice
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ITHMAN is derived from the root Hamza-TH-M and it means breaking of rule or rules of justice, morality and ethics. This means error or fault with a tinge of knowing it. ITHM is the breaking of the rule of justice and morality while aware of it. It fits closely with sin when knowing that it is sin. It is also injustice.
Mubeenan: clear/ self evident/ clarifying
Note: the root is B-Y-N and it means in concrete between. The action of the verb is betweening. This betweening can mean clarifying because one can know better the difference between two things. It also can mean distancing because the betweening makes things become apart. MUBEEN is the one that makes between in a conceptual sense. In this context, SULTANAN MEBEEN carries the meaning of clear or self evident and clarifying license to fight.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

4:111

Salaam all,

This is 4:111
وَمَن يَكْسِبْ إِثْمًا فَإِنَّمَا يَكْسِبُهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَكَانَ اللّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا
Waman yaksib ithman fainnama yaksibuhu AAala nafsihi wakana Allahu AAaleeman hakeeman

The Aya says:
And whoever acquires a sin then he indeed acquires it upon himself. And Allah happened to be knowing, wise.

My personal note:
As if this Aya reiterates the message that the person who sins is someone who is transgressing against himself of herself.

The Aya ends up reassuring us all about God’s knowledge and wisdom. This is important because it means that not only does God have the knowledge, but He will use it in the best way and most just and merciful way.

Translation of the transliterated words:


Waman: and who
Yaksib: earns/ acquires
Note: the root is K-S-B and it means earning, acquiring or collecting. YAKSIB is an action that is being completed or will be completed and that is derived from the root. It means: the action of earning or collecting is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Ithman: sin/ injustice
Note: the root is Hamza-TH-M and it means breaking of rule or rules of justice, morality and ethics. This means error or fault with a tinge of knowing it. ITHM is the breaking of the rule of justice and morality while aware of it. It fits closely with sin when knowing that it is sin. It is also injustice.
Fainnama: so indeed what
Yaksibuhu: he earns him/ acquires him
Note: the root is K-S-B and it means earning, acquiring or collecting. YAKSIBUHU is an action that is being completed or will be completed and that is derived from the root. It means: the action of earning or collecting the object (HU= HIM and it points to the sin) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
AAala: upon
Nafsihi: himself
Note: NAFSIN is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath. This is the concept and then it can extend to self or anything that breathes. NAFSI means self of. HI means him.
Wakana: and happened to be
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KANA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular pointing to Allah). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.
Allahu: Allah
Aaaleeman: knowledgeable
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AAaLEEM is the one that is very knowledgeable.
Hakeeman: Wise/ steering
Note: the root Ha-K-M and it means the steer that steers the animal. This word is used for ruling and judging as well as other meanings that contain steering as part of the concept. HAKEEM means wise or the steering. The steering means the entity that steers in the best way possible using the best tools of knowledge, compassion, justice and mercy, and that is wisdom.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein

4:110

Salaam all,

This is 4:110
وَمَن يَعْمَلْ سُوءًا أَوْ يَظْلِمْ نَفْسَهُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَغْفِرِ اللّهَ يَجِدِ اللّهَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا
Waman yaAAmal sooan aw yathlim nafsahu thumma yastaghfiri Allaha yajidi Allaha ghafooran raheeman

The Aya says:
And whoever does ugly deed or acts unjustly to himself then seeks Allah’s forgiveness will find Allah, forgiving, merciful.

My personal note:
All sin or all the ugly deeds that we do is a form of transgression against ourselves. I also chose forgiveness this time for the root GH-F-R although protective cover will also apply because it includes forgiveness and more in it’s coverage. However, forgiveness seems to be the main aim in this context.

THUMMA points to things happening in a sequence of time, space or whatever. However, it applies to things happening immediately after or a long time after. So, as long as we live, the door to seeking Allah’s forgiveness and protective cover is open. One never looses hope in reaching safety in God.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Waman: and who/ and whomever
yaAAmal: does
Note: the root is Ain-M-L and it means doing or work. YaAAMAL is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of doing or making is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Sooan: ugly or hated or bad deed/ saying.
Note: the root is S-Y-Hamza and it means hated word or deed. It can also mean ugly or vulnerable. All the meanings are linked somehow by one concept. This word then means different things according to the plane of thought that is being talked about. SOOAN points to an ugly or hated or bad deed or saying
Aw: or
Yathlim: transgresses against/ acts unjustly against/ misplaces right and wrong of
Note: the root is THA-L-M and it means darkness in the most concrete form. This word also takes the meaning of misplacing right from wrong and transgression or injustice since injustice is displacing right from wrong and a decision made in darkness. YATHLIM is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of transgression, injustice or misplacement of right and wrong for the object (NAFSAHU= himself) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Nafsahu: himself
Note: NAFSAHU is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath. This is the concept and then it can extend to self or anything that breathes. NAFSA means self of. HU means him.
Thumma: then (can be soon or late)
Note: this is a sequence in time or space or whatever a sequence applies to. As opposed to the FA which is often used as a sequence, the THUMMA allows for an immediate or relaxed sequence, with the possibility of intervening events, while the FA is an immediate sequence only with no intervening events.

Yastaghfiri: He seeks protective cover of/ forgiveness of
Note: YASTAGHFIRI is derived from the root GH-F-R and it means the helmet of the soldier in the battle. This is one of the concrete uses of the word and the word is therefore used to mean protective covering in many fashions as in protecting the person from the error or protecting the person from the consequence of error and that is forgiveness. YASTAGHFIRI is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of seeking protective cover including forgiveness of the object (Allah) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Allaha; Allah
yajidi; finds/ will find
Note: the root is W-J-D and it means in one concrete meaning the water that has accumulated in the desert. This is then used to mean a find that is really important. YAJID is an action that is derived from the root that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of finding the object (Allaha) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Allaha: Allah
Ghafooran: forgiving/ provider of protective cover
Note: the root is GH-F-R and it means covering for protection. The concrete word is the helmet of the fighter. GHAFOORAN is the one that covers to protect. This, in turn means protection from committing the sin and protection from the consequences of sin, which also means forgiving
Raheeman: Merciful
Note: the root is R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. This term is used to mean mercy and all the good that the womb provides. RAHEEM is the one with the womb-like mercy.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein

4:109

Salaam all,

this is 4:109
هَاأَنتُمْ هَـؤُلاء جَادَلْتُمْ عَنْهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فَمَن يُجَادِلُ اللّهَ عَنْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَم مَّن يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكِيلاً
Haantum haolai jadaltum AAanhum fee alhayati alddunya faman yujadilu Allaha AAanhum yawma alqiyamati am man yakoonu AAalayhim wakeelan

The Aya says:
Here you (plural) argued on their behalf in this life. So who will argue with Allah on their behalf on the Day of Judgment?! Or who will be, upon them, a guarantor?!

My personal note:
The Aya continues the same theme. It points out that while those people can succeed in their attempt to mislead others in this life, so they will argue on their behalf. On the Day of Judgment, there will be no one to defend them, nor give them guarantee in front of God, for they are exposed.

The message is clear to all of us to be honest in our relationship with ourselves, the people around us, and above all, be honest with God. While we can mislead ourselves often and others around us, we can never mislead God or be treacherous towards Him. The human attempts to do that, while many and frequent, will always fail.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Haantum haolai: Here you (plural) are/ here you
Note: this is a term that means as above in some sense.
Jadaltum: argued
Note: the root is J-D-L The concrete word is braiding of the hair. In abstract, it is used for anything that goes in circles or twists around itself or others. Therefore, it is used conceptually for arguing especially when it is used in an interactive form. JADALTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of happened by the subject (second person plural).
AAanhum: about them/ on their behalf
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from, about and so on. In this context it takes the meaning of “on behalf of” or “make an argument away from”. HUM means them.
Fee: in
Alhayati: the life
Note: the root Ha-Y-W and it means life or living. ALHAYATI means the life
Alddunya: the near/ the nearer
Note: the root is D-N-W and it means nearness or nearing. ALDUNYA means the near. In this case, it points to this life that we are living in as the near. ALHAYATI ALDDUNYA means the near life or this life that we are living as opposed to the coming life.
Faman: so who
Yujadilu: will argue with
Note: the root is J-D-L The concrete word is braiding of the hair. In abstract, it is used for anything that goes in circles or twists around itself or others. Therefore, it is used conceptually for arguing especially when it is used in an interactive form. YUJADIL is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of arguing is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular) in an interactive form with (Allah, coming up).
Allaha: Allah
AAanhum: about them/ on their behalf
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from, about and so on. In this context it takes the meaning of “on behalf of” or “make an argument away from”. HUM means them.
Yawma: day of
Note: YAWMA is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. YAWMA means day of.
Alqiyamati: the standing/ the rising
Note: the root is Q-W-M and it means standing upright. ALQIYAMATI is the standing upright or upright standing. This is a term that is used for the day of judgment because we all stand in front of GOD. YAWMI ALQIYAMATI is the judgment day.
Am: or?!
Man: who
Yakoonu: will be/ happen to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. YAKOONU is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means, in this context: He will be or will happen to be
AAalayhim: upon them
Wakeelan: guarantor
Note: the root is W-K-L and it means entrusting a matter to another, or trusting the guarantee or guardianship of another. WAKEEL is the guarantor which includes takes care of matter to completion and also protection and so on.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein

4:108

Salaam all,

this is 4:108
يَسْتَخْفُونَ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَلاَ يَسْتَخْفُونَ مِنَ اللّهِ وَهُوَ مَعَهُمْ إِذْ يُبَيِّتُونَ مَا لاَ يَرْضَى مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَكَانَ اللّهُ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطًا
Yastakhfoona mina alnnasi wala yastakhfoona mina Allahi wahuwa maAAahum ith yubayyitoona ma la yarda mina alqawli wakana Allahu bima yaAAmaloona muheetan

The aya says:
They seek to hide from the people while they do not seek to hide from Allah. And He is witnessing them as they scheme, what He does not approve, of the saying. And Allah happened to be, in what they do, encircling.

My personal note:
The aya continues the same theme. It carries the meaning that those misleading people have their attention to other people and not on Allah. It reminds us that Allah is with us, witnessing what we do, aware of what we feel, wherever we are.

The aya also reminds us that Allah has complete awareness of what we do and also ultimate control over it.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Yastakhfoona: they seek to hide/ they hide
Note: The root is KH-F-Y and it means not apparent and also, rarely, it can mean the opposite which is apparent. One would decide which meaning according to the sentence and context. YASTAKHFOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of seeking to make the object (the subject itself or it’s actions) not apparent or hidden, is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Mina: from
Alnnasi: the people/ society
Note: ALNNAS is derived from the root Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ALNNAS are the society/the people.
Wala: while not/ and not
Yastakhfoona: they seek to hide/ hide
Note: The root is KH-F-Y and it means not apparent and also, rarely, it can mean the opposite which is apparent. One would decide which meaning according to the sentence and context. YASTAKHFOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of seeking to make the object (the subject itself or it’s actions) not apparent or hidden, is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Mina: from
Allahi: Allah
Wahuwa: and HE
maAAahum: with them
Note: the term MaAAa means something close to “with”. This “with” can be in many angles concrete withness and awareness but does not necessarily have to mean close proximity. In this context, it carries the meaning of witnessing what they do.
Ith: as/ when
Yubayyitoona: they privately manipulate/ scheme
Note: the root is B-Y-T and it means to reach the night and BAYT is the place that you spend the night in. It is also used for any structure that can be used for that purpose and for animal dwellings. Therefore BAYT is closer to a shelter as the conceptual meaning and within that meaning falls the home or the house. YUBAYYITOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the making of shelter is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). The context here makes the shelter more of acts of manipulation or treachery in privacy of their shelter, which would be the place where they feel safest to scheme.
Ma: what
La: not
Yarda: accept/ lovingly accept/ approve
Note: the root is R-Dhad-Y and it means loving acceptance, or agreeing and loving at the same time or mainly approval since approval has the meaning of acceptance in a deeper sense. YARDA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of loving acceptance or approval of the object (min Alqawl= of the speech) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to God).
Mina: of/ from
Alqawli: the saying/ communication
Note: The root is Qaf-W-L and it means saying or communicating. ALQAWLI means: the saying or the communication.
Wakana: and happened to be
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KANA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular pointing to Allah). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.
Allahu: Allah
Bima: By what/ with what/ in what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what
yaAAmaloona: they do
Note: the root is Ain-M-L and it means doing or work. YaAAMALOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of doing or making is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Muheetan: surrounding/ enclosing/ encricling
Note: The root is Ha-W-Ta and it means to surround or enclose for the verb. The concrete noun is an enclosing wall. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of being well protected and also of being in total control or total awareness just as the person is control of what is in the enclosure and has great knowledge of it and so on. Those conceptual meanings are determined by the context. MUHEETAN here means: enclosing or surrounding and in this context, it takes the meaning of knowing it well and also in control of it so that it will not get out of hand.

Salam all and have a great day.


Hussein

4:107

Salaam all,

This is 4:107
وَلاَ تُجَادِلْ عَنِ الَّذِينَ يَخْتَانُونَ أَنفُسَهُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ لاَ يُحِبُّ مَن كَانَ خَوَّانًا أَثِيمًا
Wala tujadil AAani allatheena yakhtanoona anfusahum inna Allaha la yuhibbu man kana khawwanan atheeman

The Aya says:
And do not argue on behalf of those who mislead themselves. Indeed, Allah does not love one who misleads emphatically, sins emphatically.

My personal note:
Misleading themselves is a term that carries several meanings and all are applicable here. It covers a person misleading or committing treachery against oneself. This is any sin we do to ourselves. It also covers a group whose members mislead each other. It also covers anyone who misleads others for personal gain. All the three are covered by that term.

The Aya ends in declaring that God does not love the ones who do the act of misleading or treachery with emphasis. The emphasis points to frequency or intention or both and may be more.

This is important to remember and a point of the beauty of the Qur’an. It is because many people in one way or another will unintentionally mislead themselves or others. Those people do not lose the love of God. It is those who do it with emphasis or intention or high frequency that risk losing god’s love. And indeed, God is forgiving for those who repent and return to His path.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Wala: and not
Tujadil: you (singular) argue/ verbally dispute
Note: the root is J-D-L The concrete word is braiding of the hair. In abstract, it is used for anything that goes in circles or twists around itself or others. Therefore, it is used conceptually for arguing especially when it is used in an interactive form. TUJADIL is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of arguing is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular pointing to the prophet pbuh). WALA TUJADIL is an order or a request not to argue or verbally dispute something.
AAani: on behalf of/ about
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from, about and so on. In this context it takes the meaning of “on behalf of” or “make an argument away from”.
Allatheena: those who
Yakhtanoona: mislead themselves/ each other
Note: the root is KH-W-N and it means misleading or treason. Conceptually treason is encompassed in misleading, as in misleading the person to trust someone who is not worthy of trust. YAKHTANOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of misleading oneself or for oneself is happening by the subject (third person plural anfusahum =themselves, coming up). Misleading themselves here takes two meanings that are correct and not mutually exclusive and those are misleading oneself and misleading other people in the group or each other.
Anfusahum: themselves
Note: ANFUSAHUM is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath but is extended to mean self since the self breathes and that defines her existence. ANFUSA is a noun that is derived from this root and it means Selves of. HUM means them.
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
La: not
Yuhibbu: loves
Note: the root is Ha-B-B and it means in concrete seed. This word also means love. As if the seed is the product of love or the love will end up in a seed. YUHIBBU is an action that is derived from the root and that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of loving is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah) of the object (man kana= whoever happened to be)
Man: who/ whoever/ one who
Kana: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.

Khawwanan: frequently misleading/ intentionally misleading/ emphatically misleading
Note: the root is KH-W-N and it means misleading or treason. Conceptually treason is encompassed in misleading, as in misleading the person to trust someone who is not worthy of trust. KAWWANAN is the one who misleads or acts treacherously with emphasis. This suggests that he does it frequently, intentionally or both. The two are related since the one who does an act intentionally will do it frequently.

Atheeman: Frequently sinning/ intentionally sinning/ emphatically sinning
Note: the root is Hamza-TH-M and it means breaking of rule or rules of justice. This means error or fault with a tinge of knowing it. ATHEEM is the one who breaks the rule or sins with emphasis. This suggests that he does it frequently, intentionally or both. The two are related since the one who does an act intentionally will do it frequently.

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein

4:106

Salaam all,

This is 4:106
وَاسْتَغْفِرِ اللّهِ إِنَّ اللّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا
Waistaghfiri Allaha inna Allaha kana ghafooran raheeman

The aya says:
And seek Allah’s protective cover. Indeed, Allah happened to be protectively covering, merciful.

My personal note:
I chose protective cover for ISTAGHFIR here because the protective cover is the wider meaning of the word. It encompasses forgiveness as in protection from the negative effect of sin as well as other protections including helping to not fall into sin.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waistaghfiri: and seek forgiveness/ seek protective cover
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KANA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. ISTAGHFIRI is derived from the root GH-F-R and it means the helmet of the soldier in the battle. This is one of the concrete uses of the word and the word is therefore used to mean protective covering in many fashions as in protecting the person from the error or protecting the person from the consequence of error and that is forgiveness. ISTAGHFIRI is an order or a request addressed to an individual. It means: seek protective cover or forgiveness of the object (Allah).
Allaha: Allah
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
Kana: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.

Ghafooran: forgiving/ provider of protective cover
Note: the root is GH-F-R and it means covering for protection. The concrete word is the helmet of the fighter. GHAFOORAN is the one that covers to protect. This, in turn means protection from committing the sin and protection from the consequences of sin, which also means forgiving
Raheeman: Merciful
Note: the root is R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. This term is used to mean mercy and all the good that the womb provides. RAHEEM is the one with the womb-like mercy.

Salaam all and have a great day.

hussein

4:105

Salaam all,

this is 4:105
إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا أَرَاكَ اللّهُ وَلاَ تَكُن لِّلْخَآئِنِينَ خَصِيمًا
Inna anzalna ilayka alkitaba bialhaqqi litahkuma bayna alnnasi bima araka Allahu wala takun lilkhaineena khaseeman

The Aya says:
Indeed, We have descended to you (singular) the book, by the binding truth, so that you (singular) will steer between the people by what Allah made you see. And do not be, to the misleading ones, partisan.

My personal note:
The aya is addressing a second person singular. This means that it addressed clearly the person who received it, the prophet Muhammad (pbuh). It was a direct message to him, but it is also a direct message to every single person who takes the Qur’an seriously.

I translated the word “Litahkuma bayna Annasa”as to “steer between the people” instead of the more usual “To rule or judge between the people”. The reason is that steering is the more encompassing meaning and with more range. It encompasses judging and ruling for those who have the authority to judge, but it also encompasses our conduct of life and how we live it between people for those who are not in that position of authority. The word applies to both because the Aya talks to each one of us singularly to apply it within our capacities and within what we have learnt from the book of God.
The last statement in this Aya is also very interesting “Do not be partisan to the misleading ones”. The word KHAINEENA is often translated as traitors and that is correct, but it’s more encompassing meaning is “misleading” and this includes treason but other forms of misleading others as well. The term “do not be partisan” can be understood in two ways and both are not mutually exclusive. It can mean do not take their side and it also can mean not to take the opposite side. This is important for anyone in the position to judge, because they only rule for the truth and not for one person or another.

The reason that the misleading people were mentioned is that because they mix truth and untruth together or start with truth to arrive at an untruth. Therefore dealing with them will require extreme vigilance so that the person will not reject the truth even when it comes from them, but also not to accept their untruth. The famous statement attributes to Ali ® where he said: “A word of truth intended to support untruth.”

Translation of the transliterated words:
Inna: indeed WE
Anzalna: brought down/ made come/ descend from high
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. ANZALNA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making arrive or making descend happened by the subject (first person plural).

Ilayka: to you (singular pointing to Muhammad pbuh)
Alkitaba: the book/ the collection of knowledge
Note: the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and the ideas together. ALKITABA means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together. In a sense, it points to the collection of knowledge and information that are communicated.

Bialhaqqi: by the binding truth/ with the binding truth
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. ALHAQQI is derived from the root Ha-Qaf-Qaf and it means binding right where right means correct as well s what is due to one person (rights and obligations). ALHAQQI is the binding right or binding truth.
Litahkuma: in order that you (singular) rule/ judge/ steer
Note: li means to and in this context, it takes the meaning of in order to. TAHKUMA is derived from the root Ha-K-M and it means the steer that steers the animal. This word is used for ruling and judging as well as other meanings that contain steering as the concept. TAHKUMA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of steering including judging, ruling and others is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular pointing to the prophet).
Bayna: between
Alnnasi: the people/ society
Note: ALNNAS is derived from the root Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ALNNAS are the society/the people.
Bima: by what/ with what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what
Araka: He showed you (singular)/ made you see
Note: the root R-Hamza-Y and it means viewing or seeing. ARAKA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (KA= singular you pointing to the prophet) see happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah, coming up).
Allahu: Allah
Wala: and not

Takun: you (singular) happen to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. TAKUN is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular pointing to the prophet Muhammad pbuh).
Lilkhaineena: to the misleading ones/ to the traitors
Note: li means to. ILKHAINEENA is derived from the root KH-W-N and it means misleading or treason. Conceptually treason is encompassed in misleading, as in misleading the person to trust someone who is not worthy of trust. ILKHAINEENA are the misleading people or the traitors. I chose misleading people because it encompasses the traitors within it.
Khaseeman: partisan/ disputer
Note: The root is KH-Sad-M and it means disputing over an entity. This either can be a dispute over an issue or idea or a person and the term takes the meaning of people on opposite ends of a dispute and so forth. KHASEEMAN means disputer and in this context, it takes the meaning of either being on the side of the person or on the opposite side.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

4:104

Salaam all,

This is 4:104
وَلاَ تَهِنُواْ فِي ابْتِغَاء الْقَوْمِ إِن تَكُونُواْ تَأْلَمُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَأْلَمُونَ كَمَا تَأْلَمونَ وَتَرْجُونَ مِنَ اللّهِ مَا لاَ يَرْجُونَ وَكَانَ اللّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا
Wala tahinoo fee ibtighai alqawmi in takoonoo talamoona fainnahum yalamoona kama talamoona watarjoona mina Allahi ma la yarjoona wakana Allahu AAaleeman hakeeman

The aya says:
And do not loose resolve in pursuing the people. If you happen to hurt, then they indeed hurt as you hurt. While you hope from Allah what they do not hope. And Allah happened to be knowledgeable, wise.

My personal note:
The pursuing can be a pursuit in battle, but also can be a pursuit in peace with peaceful means, according to the condition and situation. The aya is interesting as it compares the pain as being mutually felt, but the hope in Allah as not being mutually comparable. In a sense, one of the reasons for the pursuit would be to share with them our hope in God, while they do not care.

It is very difficult to translate the word TARJOON. It is a word that ranges in meaning between the edges of hope and worry. It can take the range of meaning of hope tempered by worry to worry tempered by hope and anywhere in between. The worry can have many aspects, but mainly worrying of loosing love and hope. In many ways, there may be many roles for worry, but one main one that comes to my mind is in order not to take the love of God, or hope in God for granted. There is no bigger enemy to love and hope than taking what you love and hope for granted.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Wala: and not
Tahinoo: become weak/ loose resolve/ loose strength
Note: the root is W-H-N and it means weakness or lack of strength in all the angles of the word. TAHINOO is an action that is part of an order. The order WALA TAHINOO means: do not become weak/ do not loose your strength (in all the angles of the word)
Fee: in
Ibtighai: pursuing
Note: the root is B-GH-Y and it means the young unripe fruit and the young animal. This is some of the concrete meaning. It does attain the meaning of something to aspire to or pursue, as well as something bad or immature. Both may share that youth aspires to mature, and youth is associated with immaturity and foolish actions. IBTIGHAA means the desiring/aspiring/ pursuing for one self or the seeking for oneself.
Alqawmi: people/ group
Note: the root is Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. ALQAWM are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together. Here, it points to their enemies.
In: if
Takoonoo: you (plural) happen to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. TAKOONOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (second personal plural). This in turn means: you (plural) happen to be.
Talamoona: you (plural) feel pain/ hurt
Note: the root is Hamza-L-M and it means pain. TALAMOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of feeling pain or hurting is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Fainnahum: then indeed they
Yalamoona: feel pain/ hurt
Note: the root is Hamza-L-M and it means pain. YALAMOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of feeling pain or hurting is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Kama: as
Talamoona: you (plural) feel pain/ hurt
Note: the root is Hamza-L-M and it means pain. TALAMOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of feeling pain or hurting is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).

Watarjoona: and you hope tempered by worry/ worry tempered by hope
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. TARJOONA is derived from the root R-J-Y and it means edge of something or it’s side. The term crosses many planes and in time, it gives the edge of time and that is understood as postponement. For place it means the boundary or edge of that place and for other things or entities, it gives the feeling of edge of hope and worry at the same time. TARJOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of hope (tempered by worry) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Mina: from
Allahi: Allah
Ma: what
La: not
Yarjoona: they hope tempered by worry/ worry tempered by hope
Note: YARJOONA is derived from the root R-J-Y and it means edge of something or it’s side. The term crosses many planes and in time, it gives the edge of time and that is understood as postponement. For place it means the boundary or edge of that place and for other things or entities, it gives the feeling of hope to arrive at that edge or, in other cases the fear to arrive at such an entity. YARJOONA is derived from the root R-J-Y and it means edge of something or it’s side. The term crosses many planes and in time, it gives the edge of time and that is understood as postponement. For place it means the boundary or edge of that place and for other things or entities, it gives the feeling of edge of hope and worry at the same time. YARJOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of hope (tempered by worry) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Wakana: and happened to be
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KANA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular pointing to Allah). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.
Allahu: Allah
Aaaleeman: knowledgeable
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AAaLEEM is the one that is very knowledgeable.
Hakeeman: Wise/ steering
Note: the root Ha-K-M and it means the steer that steers the animal. This word is used for ruling and judging as well as other meanings that contain steering as part of the concept. HAKEEM means wise or the steering. The steering means the entity that steers in the best way possible using the best tools of knowledge, compassion, justice and mercy, and that is wisdom.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

4:103

Salaam all,

this is 4:103
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلاَةَ فَاذْكُرُواْ اللّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَى جُنُوبِكُمْ فَإِذَا اطْمَأْنَنتُمْ فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلاَةَ إِنَّ الصَّلاَةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَّوْقُوتًا

Faitha qadaytumu alssalata faothkuroo Allaha qiyaman waquAAoodan waAAala junoobikum faitha itmanantum faaqeemoo alssalata inna alssalata kanat AAala almumineena kitaban mawqootan

The Aya says:
So when you completed the ritual prayer, then remember and mention Allah standing and sitting and on your sides. So, when you became secure, then perform the ritual prayer. Indeed, the ritual prayer, happened to be, upon the ones who make themselves safe (in Allah and the message), a timed book.

My personal note:
This Aya tells us that in the time of insecurity as in battle or fear, the short prayer should be followed by mentioning and remembering God. Once that is over and the time of security comes, then the regular prayer comes back in full length.

The Aya then reminds us that the ritual prayers are timed upon us. This means that they have to be done in their times and many other potential meanings as well.

I want to bring attention to the term ITMANANTUM which I translated as you became secure. This root TTa-M-N gives a little stronger sense of safety than the root Hamza-M-N. That is why I used the term security here for that word. So, people who have TAMANINA have the greatest degree of Iman.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Faitha: so if/ when
Qadaytumu: you (plural)finished/ fulfilled / completed
Note: the root Qaf-Dhad-Y and it means a mandate that one makes to completion of it and anything in between. It points to determination at the beginning and the finishing of it towards the end. The meaning of the word is according to the sentence, sometimes the sentence allows the whole range and at others, part of the range of the meaning. QADAYTUMU is an action that is completed. It means: the mandate object (ALSSALATA= the ritual prayer) happened or was completed by the subject (second person plural).
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Faothkuroo: then mention and remember
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. It can often point to what happens right after an action and this could apply here. OTHKUROO is derived from the root TH-K-R and it means mention and remember, at the same time. The concrete word is something running on the tongue as if speaking it. Another concrete word is male or the male organ. The relationship between the two is not very clear and they can be different words that share the sound but have different root. It could be that the male is considered the active organ and that memory is an active process, but that is only a theory. OTHKUROO is a demand or request addressing a group. It means: mention and remember at the same time.
Allaha: Allah
Qiyaman: standing
Note: the root is Q-W-M and it means standing upright. QIYAMAN is the standing upright or upright standing.
waquAAoodan: and sitting
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. QuAAooDAN is derived from the root Qaf-Ain-D and it means sitting. Conceptually, it carries the meaning of staying in place and not moving/act or not wanting to move or act in addition to sitting. QuAAooDAN means the state of sitting.
waAAala: and on
junoobikum: your sides
Note: the root is J-N-B and it means side of an entity. This word then takes many meanings according to the context. Here, JUNOOBI means sides of. KUM means plural you.
Faitha: so if/ when
Itmanantum: You reached calmness/ security
Note: ITMANANTUM is derived from the root TTa-M-N and it means calmness and feeling secure or peaceful. ITMANANTUM is an action that is derived from the root that is completed. It means: the action of becoming calm or secure happened by the subject (second person plural)
faaqeemoo: then you (plural) uphold/ perform/ lead
Note: FA means therefore or so or then. AQEEMOO is derived from the root Qaf-W-M and it means standing upright or standing. The upright can be in all planes of position and for a horizontal dimension it means straight. AQEEMOO is an order or a request addressed to a group. It means here: Uphold or perform or lead.
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Inna: indeed
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Kanat: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANAT is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular feminine pointing to ALSSALATA). This in turn means: she was or she happened to be
AAala: upon
Almumineena: the ones who made themselves safe
Note: the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. ALMUMINEENA means ones who make themselves safe.
Kitaban: a book
Note: the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and the ideas together. KITABAN means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together. It also can mean, in this context: a collection or combination of acts and recitations (as happens in the ritual prayer) put together.
Mawqootan: timed
Note: the root is W-Qaf-T and it means a measure of timing. MAWQOOTAN means timed.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein

4:102

Salaam all,

This is 4:102
وَإِذَا كُنتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلاَةَ فَلْتَقُمْ طَآئِفَةٌ مِّنْهُم مَّعَكَ وَلْيَأْخُذُواْ أَسْلِحَتَهُمْ فَإِذَا سَجَدُواْ فَلْيَكُونُواْ مِن وَرَآئِكُمْ وَلْتَأْتِ طَآئِفَةٌ أُخْرَى لَمْ يُصَلُّواْ فَلْيُصَلُّواْ مَعَكَ وَلْيَأْخُذُواْ حِذْرَهُمْ وَأَسْلِحَتَهُمْ وَدَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوْ تَغْفُلُونَ عَنْ أَسْلِحَتِكُمْ وَأَمْتِعَتِكُمْ فَيَمِيلُونَ عَلَيْكُم مَّيْلَةً وَاحِدَةً وَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن كَانَ بِكُمْ أَذًى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوْ كُنتُم مَّرْضَى أَن تَضَعُواْ أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ وَخُذُواْ حِذْرَكُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابًا مُّهِينًا
Waitha kunta feehim faaqamta lahumu alssalata faltaqum taifatun minhum maAAaka walyakhuthoo aslihatahum faitha sajadoo falyakoonoo min waraikum waltati taifatun okhra lam yusalloo falyusalloo maAAaka walyakhuthoo hithrahum waaslihatahum wadda allatheena kafaroo law taghfuloona AAan aslihatikum waamtiAAatikum fayameeloona AAalaykum maylatan wahidatan wala junaha AAalaykum in kana bikum athan min matarin aw kuntum marda an tadaAAoo aslihatakum wakhuthoo hithrakum inna Allaha aAAadda lilkafireena AAathaban muheenan

The Aya says:
And if you (singular pointing to Muhammad pbuh) were amongst them, then led for them the Ritual prayer, so let a group amongst them perform with you, and let them take their weapons. So, once they prostrated, then let them be from behind you (plural) and let a remaining group that did not perform prayer come so they pray with you (O Muhammad) and let them take their vigilance and their weapons. Those who rejected like if you (plural) not pay attention away from your weapons and needed belongings, then they attack you (plural) one attack. And there is no problem upon you (plural) if happened to be in you (plural) harm from rain or you (plural) happened to be sick/ tired, that you put your weapons down. And take your vigilance, indeed, Allah has prepared to the rejecters humiliating suffering.

My personal note:
This Aya goes over the procedure of this kind of short prayer. It explains that the prophet (pbuh) lead the prayer with one group, so once they finished their prostration, that group should go and guard and the group that did not pray will come back and finish the prayer with the prophet.

Although this is addressed to the prophet, the rule applies to any leader who leads the prayer in such a circumstance of prayer in battle or in fear of battle.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Waitha: and if/ when
Kunta: you (singular) were/ happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUNTA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (second person singular). This in turn means: you (singular) happened to be
Feehim: in them/ amongst them
Faaqamta: So you (singular) upheld/ performed/ led
Note: FA means therefore or so or then. AQAMTA is derived from the root Qaf-W-M and it means standing upright or standing. The upright can be in all planes of position and for a horizontal dimension it means straight. AQAMTA is an action that is completed. It is a form of the verb that comes after the conditional of ITHA that came earlier. It means: The action of making stand the object (Alssalata= the ritual prayer) happened by the subject (second person singular). Here it comes as performed or lead.
Lahumu: to them/ for them
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Faltaqum: then let stand/ let perform
Note: Fa means then. LTAQUM is derived from the root Qaf-W-M and it means standing upright or standing. The upright can be in all planes of position and for a horizontal dimension it means straight. LTAQUM means let stand or let perform.
Taifatun: a group
Note: the root is TTa-W-F and it means to go around something in circles so that you get the feeling that you surround it. This is the concrete meaning and the abstract can be related to it especially the meaning of knowing something very well and being keen about it. TAIFATUN is a circle in a conceptual manner. In the context of this Aya, it takes the meaning of a group.
Minhum: of them/ from them
maAAaka: with you (singular)
walyakhuthoo: and let them take
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. LYAKHUTHOO is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. LYAKHUTHOO means: let them take.
Aslihatahum: their weapons
Note: the root is S-L-Ha and it means: what one physically fights with. So, conceptually it covers any kind of weapon that is used in the fight.
Faitha: so if/ when
Sajadoo; they prostrated/ they finished prostrating
Note: the root is S-J-D and in concrete it means in one concrete form: a tree that is tilting downward due to a heavy load of fruits. It therefore is used conceptually to mean tilting downward of the face or the body including prostration as well as showing any sign of submission to a higher power. The range of meaning all those meanings together and one needs to understand it as both unless there is a strong reason in the sentence or elsewhere in the Qur’an to make one meaning inappropriate or impossible. SAJADOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of prostrating in prayer happened by the subject (third person plural). Here, it points to finishing the prostration part of the ritual prayer.
Falyakoonoo: then let them be
Note: Fa means then or so or therefore. LYAKOONOO is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. LYAKOONOO means: let them be.
Min: from
Waraikum: behind you (plural)
Note: the root is W-R-Hamza and it means behind or in front depending on the context and the plane of thought but with the general meaning of being out of sight. This therefore makes behind more frequent as a meaning. WARAI here means behind of. KUM means plural you.

Waltati: and let come
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. LTATI is derived from the root Hamza-T-Y and it means in concrete the water that comes from the rain of another land. In concrete it means the coming of something or someone with many of it’s implications. LTATI means: let come.
Taifatun: a group
Note: the root is TTa-W-F and it means to go around something in circles so that you get the feeling that you surround it. This is the concrete meaning and the abstract can be related to it especially the meaning of knowing something very well and being keen about it. TAIFATUN is a circle in a conceptual manner. In the context of this Aya, it takes the meaning of a group.
okhra: remaining/ another
Note: The root is Hamza-KH-R and it means remaining. OKHRA means remaining and in this context, another. It points to the group that did not yet pray.
Lam: not
Yusalloo: they pray
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. YUSALLOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of performing ritual prayer is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Falyusalloo: then let them pray
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. LYUSALLOO is derived from the root Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. LYUSALLOO means: let them pray.
maAAaka: with you (singular)
walyakhuthoo: and let them take
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. LYAKHUTHOO is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. LYAKHUTHOO means: let them take.

Hithrahum: their caution/ vigilance
Note: the root is Ha-TH-R and it means fearing or consciousness of danger. HITHRA means consciousness of danger of or fearing of or caution of. HUM means plural them.
Waaslihatahum: including their weapons/ and their weapons.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ASLIHATAHUM is derived from the root S-L-Ha and it means: what one physically fights with. So, conceptually it covers any kind of weapon that is used in the fight. ASLIHATA means weapons of. HUM means them.
Wadda: they loved
Note: the root is W-D-D and it means proper love or genuine love. WADDA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of loving happened by the subject (third person plural).
Allatheena: those who
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).

Law: if (conditional with a hint of skepticism at times)
Taghfuloona: not pay attention
Note: The root is GHain-F-L and it means not paying attention. TAGHFULOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of not paying attention is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
AAan: from/ away from
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from and so on.
aslihatikum: your (plural) weapons
Note: ASLIHATIKUM is derived from the root S-L-Ha and it means: what one physically fights with. So, conceptually it covers any kind of weapon that is used in the fight. ASLIHATI means weapons of. KUM means plural you.
waamtiAAatikum: and your belongings/ belongings of need or use.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AMTiAAaTIKUM is derived from the root M-T-Ain and it means when the wine becomes very red or when the rope becomes tight. This is the concrete and the concept gives the meaning of something or someone reaching where it needs to reach within the limits of time, space, etc. AMTiAAaTIKUM are the belongings that help the person reach their goal.

Fayameeloona: then they tilt/ they exert pressure/ they attack
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. YAMEELOONA is derived from the root Note: the root is M-Y-L and it means tilting of the land. One concrete understanding means the distance as far the eye can see. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of a tilt towards something or towards one extreme over another, instead of maintaining balance. It can also point to putting the weight in one direction or another so it tilts under pressure. YAMEELOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means the action of the tilting or pressing in one direction is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). In this context, it points to exerting pressure or attacking.
AAalaykum: upon you (plural)
Maylatan: an attack/ exertion of pressure
Note: the root is M-Y-L and it means tilting of the land. One concrete understanding means the distance as far the eye can see. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of a tilt towards something or towards one extreme over another, instead of maintaining balance. It can also point to putting the weight in one direction or another so it tilts under pressure. MAYLATAN means a tilt, or an exertion of pressure so one tilts or, as in this context, an attack.
Wahidatan: one
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one. WAHIDATAN means one (feminine and it points to maylatan).

Wala: and not
junaha: tilt to error/ problem
Note: the root is J-N-Ha and it means wing or side in the concrete. The Conceptual meaning is related and points to a tilt one way or another. In this context, it points to a tilt to error or sin or wrong. JUNAHA means a tilt to the wrong side.
AAalaykum: upon you (plural)
In: if
Kana: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.
Bikum: in you (plural)
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. KUM means plural you.
Athan: harm/ hurt
Note: the root is Hamza-TH-Y and it means harm or hurt in all it’s forms, physical and emotional and so forth. ATHAN means harm or hurt.
Min: from
Matarin: rain
Note: the root is M-TTA-R and it means rain. MATARIN is rain.
Aw: or
Kuntum: you (plural) happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUNTUM is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (second person plural). This in turn means: you (plural) happened to be
Marda: sick/ weak/ tired
Note: the root is M-R-Dhad and it means state of incompleteness or state of imbalance. This means illness or disease as well. MARDA are the persons who became ill or sick or even just tired
An: that
tadaAAoo: you (plural) put down
Note: the root is W-Dhad-Ain and it means: putting down an entity. The word then takes the meaning according to the context of the sentence and plane of thought.. TADaAAoo is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of putting down the object (ASLIHATAKUM= your weapons) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
aslihatakum: your (plural) weapons
Note: ASLIHATAKUM is derived from the root S-L-Ha and it means: what one physically fights with. So, conceptually it covers any kind of weapon that is used in the fight. ASLIHATA means weapons of. KUM means plural you.
Wakhuthoo: and take
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KHUTHOO is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. KHUTHOO is an order or demand or request addressed to a group. It means you (plural) take.

Hithrakum: your (plural) caution/ consciousness of danger/ vigilance
Note: the root is Ha-TH-R and it means fearing or consciousness of danger. HITHRA means consciousness of danger of or fearing of or caution of. KUM means plural you.
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
aAAadda: prepared
Note: aAAaDDA is derived from the root Ain-D-D and it means counting. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of counting in addition to preparing what is needed because this includes counting. According to this context, aAAaDDA takes the meaning of preparation or “making the count” more literally. It is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making counted the object (AAathaban= suffering) or making it prepared, happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Lilkafireena: to the rejecters/ the discarders (of Allah and His message)
Note: LI means to. LKAFIREENA is derived from the root K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. ALKAFIREENA are the ones who reject the truth or discard it. In this context, the truth is Allah and His message.
AAathabun: suffering
Note: the root is Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering.

Muheenan: Humiliating/ makes them worthless/ weightless.
Note: the root is H-W-N and it means easy and supple and of low weight. Conceptually, it is used for any matter that does not weigh heavily on others. This can be positive as in making something easy. It can be negative as when a person or group of people become with no weight, as in becoming humiliated. MUHEEN means: makes them with no weight. Here it takes the meaning of humiliating or makes them worthless.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

4:101

Salaam all,

this is 4:101
وَإِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي الأَرْضِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقْصُرُواْ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَن يَفْتِنَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ إِنَّ الْكَافِرِينَ كَانُواْ لَكُمْ عَدُوًّا مُّبِينًا
Waitha darabtum fee alardi falaysa AAalaykum junahun an taqsuroo mina alssalati in khiftum an yaftinakumu allatheena kafaroo inna alkafireena kanoo lakum AAaduwwan mubeenan

The Aya says:
And when you hit in the land, then there is not a problem upon you (plural) that you shorten of the ritual prayer if you feared that those who rejected (Allah and his message) cause hardship to you (plural). Indeed, the rejecters happened to be self evident enemies to you (plural).

My personal note:
This aya points to a rule of shortening the prayer in case people were travelling and feared fight or any form of harassment from their enemies. The shortening can be in the number of repeated movements, but also in the period spent during prayer.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waitha: and if/ when
Darabtum: you (plural) hit with measure and purpose/ fought with measure and purpose/ moved
Note: the root is Dhad-R-B and it means hitting of the limbs to serve a function. The word carries mainly three components to the meaning, the hitting of the limbs, a measure and a purpose. This then has many meanings including hitting, or traveling or working with the limbs and so on and so forth. In this context, it is open to a wide range of understanding including travelling for fighting or otherwise. DARABTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of hitting of the limbs happened by the subject (second person plural).
Fee: in
Alardi: the land/ the earth
Note: the root is Hamza-R-Dhad and it means land or earth. AlARDI is the land or the earth.
Falaysa: then not
AAalaykum: upon you (plural)
Junahun: tilt to error/ problem
Note: the root is J-N-Ha and it means wing or side in the concrete. The Conceptual meaning is related and points to a tilt one way or another. In this context, it points to a tilt to error or sin or wrong. JUNAHUN means a tilt to the wrong side.
An: that
Taqsuroo: you (plural) shorten
Note: the root is Qaf-Sad-R and it means short in stature. Conceptually, it is used to any form of limit whether in height or other features. The word QASR means a well fortified house or castle or palace because it has limited access to it against invaders and so on. TAQSUROO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making short the object (Alsalat= the prayer) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Mina: of /from
Alssalati: the prayer/ the ritual prayer.
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
In: if
Khiftum: you (plural) feared
Note: the root is KH-W-F and it means fear or scare. KHIFTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of fear happened by the subject (second person plural).
An: that
Yaftinakumu: they test you (plural)/ cause you hardship/ fighting
Note: the root is F-T-N and it means in concrete form, the melting of Gold or silver in order to know the pure from the impure or the true from the fake. Therefore, in abstract, the word suggests an extreme test with hardship in it, or a burn with fire or even taking someone’s eyes with the glitter of the false Gold and silver. Here, it means the severe test that has hardship in it. YAFTINA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of sever testing or causing hardship including fighting on the object (KUMU=plural you) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural)
Allatheena: those who
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
Inna: indeed
Alkafireena: the rejecters/ the discarders of truth
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. ALKAFIREENA are the ones who reject the truth or discard it.
Kanoo: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal plural). This in turn means: they were or they happened to be
Lakum: to you (plural)
AAaduwwan: enemy
Note: the root is Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. AAaDUWWAN means enemy in this context.
Mubeenan: clear/ self evident/ clarifying
Note: the root is B-Y-N and it means in concrete between. The action of the verb is betweening. This betweening can mean clarifying because one can know better the difference between two things. It also can mean distancing because the betweening makes things become apart. MUBEEN is the one that makes between in a conceptual sense. In this context, it points to being clear and self evident.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein