12:40
مَا
تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِهِ إِلَّا أَسْمَاءً سَمَّيْتُمُوهَا أَنتُمْ وَآبَاؤُكُم
مَّا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ بِهَا مِن سُلْطَانٍ ۚ إِنِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ ۚ
أَمَرَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ
وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Ma taAAabudoona min doonihi illa asma’an sammaytumooha
antum waaba’okum ma anzala Allahu biha min sultanin ini alhukmu illa lillahi
amara alla taAAabudoo illa iyyahu thalika addeenu alqayyimu walakinna akthara
aNnasi la yaAAlamoon
The Aya says:
You are not
worshiping short of Him, except appellations you made up, you and your
ancestors. Allah did not bring down of
it any proof. The order is only Allah’s. He ordered that you worship only Him. This is the upstanding religion; however, most
people do not know.
My personal
note:
Here Joseph
makes the case for monotheism in worship and that people make up all the other
gods they worship other than Allah.
Translation
of the transliterated words:
Ma: not
taAAabudoona: you
(plural) worship
Note: TaAAaBUDOONA is derived from the
root Ain-B-D
and it means slave or servant. The road
that is MUABBAD is the road that is well trodden and made easy to walk or drive
on and so on. Conceptually, aAABD is an
entity that is easy to manage and does smooth sailing either by it’s own or by
being subject to pressure from above. It
is used for slave or servant or anyone who is humbled for love or devotion or
by the sheer power of the other entity.
TaAAaBDUDOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of worshipping or
humbling oneself is happening or will be happening by the subject (second
person plural)
Min: from/ of
Doonihi:
short of him / below him
Note: The root is D-W-N and it means
short of someone or something. It can also mean lower than at times depending
on the plane of thought of the sentence. DOONI means short of or below of. HI
means him and points to Allah.
Illa: except/
if not
asma’an: names/
appelations
Note:
the root is S-M-W and it means rising. This word is used to mean many
things that are related to that meaning. One of the meanings is name because
when a person’s name is called, he or she would rise and respond. ASMA’aN are names or appellations.
Sammaytumooha: you
named them/ you made them up
Note:
the root is S-M-W and it means rising. This word is used to mean many
things that are related to that meaning. One of the meanings is name because
when a person’s name is called, he or she would rise and respond. SAMMAYTUMOOHA is an action that is
completed. It means: the action of
naming the object (HA= them) happened by the subject (second person plural).
Antum: you
(plural)
Waaba’okum: and
your fathers/ ancestors
Note: WA here
is for addition. A”OBA is derived from the root Hamza-B and it means
father or parent. ABA”O means fathers of.
KUM is a plural you.
Ma: not
Anzala: brought
down/ bring about
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the
meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of
the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where
they plan to stay. ANZALA is an action
that is completed. It means the action
of bringing down the object (biha=of it) happened by the subject (third person
singular).
Allahu: Allah
Biha: of
it/ it
Note: Bi here
is for giving an object to the action above.
HA means her or it and points to the gods they worshipped.
Min: of/
from
Sultanin: power/
legitimacy
Sultanin is derived
from the root S-L-TTA and it means power that can
overcome obstacles. As a concept it can be extended to the power that is
physical, mental, spiritual and power of argument and proof. It also could mean
overpowering. SULTAN means power or legitimacy in this context.
Ini: limited/
indeed not
Alhukmu: the
rule/ the judgement/ correct decision
Note: the root Ha-K-M
and it means the steer that steers the animal. This word is used for ruling and
judging as well as other meanings that contain steering as part of the concept. ALHUKM means the rule and judgment and
decision.
Illa: except/
if not
Lillahi: belongs
to Allah
Amara: He
ordered/ He decreed
Note: the root is Hamza-M-R and it means
ordering something and the implementation of it. AMARA is an action that is completed. It means the action of ordering or
instructing happened by the subject (third person singular)
Alla: that
not
taAAabudoo: you
(plural) worship
Note: TaAAaBUDOO is derived from the root Ain-B-D and it means slave or servant. The road that is MUABBAD is the road that is
well trodden and made easy to walk or drive on and so on. Conceptually, aAABD is an entity that is easy
to manage and does smooth sailing either by it’s own or by being subject to
pressure from above. It is used for
slave or servant or anyone who is humbled for love or devotion or by the sheer
power of the other entity. TaAAaBDUDOO
is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of worshipping or
humbling oneself is happening or will be happening by the subject (second
person plural)
Illa: except/
if not
Iyyahu: him/
himself
Thalika: that/
this
Addeenu: the
religion/ the obligation/ the commitment
Note: The root is D-Y-N and it means debt
or law or religion. What groups them together is the concept of obligation,
since religion is the obligation of man towards God. DEENI is obligation of or
religion of, with religion being the obligation of man towards God.
Alqayyimu: the
upstanding
Note: the root is Qaf-W-M and it means standing upright or standing. ALQAYYIMU means the standing.
Walakinna: but/
however
Note: AKTHARA is derived from the root
K-TH-R and it means many or numerous in all the planes of Uthought. AKTHARA
means: the bigger number of and that means the majority of or most of.
Annaasi: the people/ the society
Note: ALNASSI
is derived from the root Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ALNNAS means the people or
humans or the society.
La: not
yaAAlamoon: they
know
Note: YaAALAMOON is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means
knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. YaAALAMOONA is an action that is being
completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing is happening or
will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
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