9:47
لَوْ خَرَجُواْ فِيكُم مَّا زَادُوكُمْ إِلاَّ خَبَالاً ولأَوْضَعُواْ خِلاَلَكُمْ يَبْغُونَكُمُ الْفِتْنَةَ وَفِيكُمْ سَمَّاعُونَ لَهُمْ وَاللّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ
Law kharajoo feekum ma zadookum illa khabalan walaawdaAAoo khilalakum yabghoonakumu alfitnata wafeekum sammaAAoona lahum waAllahu AAaleemun bialththalimeena
Had they ventured out amongst you then they will not have added to you except deficiency and they would have let down through you. They desire for you turmoil and amongst you are listeners to them. And Allah is knowing well of the transgressors.
The Aya explains the wisdom of Allah in why He allowed in his decree that they do not venture out with the believers because their harm would far exceed their benefit in so many ways including that they will have very negative effect on the morale of the believers in a time of hardship.
However, they are still responsible/ guilty for not going out with the believers because they did not go out of their own free will and not because Allah did not desire that they come out. Although Allah did not desire for them to come out, He did not force them to stay. They could have come out if they really wanted to and as the previous Aya says. He just made them vulnerable to their own delaying techniques because deep in His wisdom, He was certain that their presence was much worse than their absence.
Translation of the transliterated words:
Law: if
Kharajoo: came out/ ventured out
Note: KHARAJOO is derived from the root KH-R-J and it means coming out or exiting. That is the conceptual meaning and it assumes it’s more specific meaning or meanings according to the plane of thought of the sentence. KHARAJOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action coming out/ exiting/ travelling happened by the subject (third person plural). Because it is a beginning of the conditional, then it takes the meaning: Had they ventured out---
Ma: then not (response to the conditional)
Zadookum: increased you (plural)/ added to you (plural
Note: the root is Z-W-D or Z-Y-D and it means the provision of the road or the food that one packs for travel. It has also the conceptual meaning of what is above the need, because one packs a little extra for the road. ZADOOKUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of increasing and adding to the object (KUM= plural you) happened by the subject (third person plural). Because it is a response to the conditional, it carries the meaning of: they would not have added to you/ increased you.
Illa: except/ if not
Khabalan: confusion/ lacking/ deficiency
Note: the root is KH-B-L and it is used in concrete to mean wounds or craziness or any other form of harm or injury whether physical, mental or psychological. In some of the concrete uses it is used for amputation or removing something essential as a good brain or good decision making. KHABALAN means harm or injury or damage of all it’s facets.
walaawdaAAoo: and then they would put / let down
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning. LA is for a response to the conditional as well. AWDaAAoo is derived from the root W-Dhad-Ain and it means putting down an entity. The word then takes the meaning according to the context of the sentence and plane of thought. In this context it takes the meaning of letting down.
Khilalakum: through you (plural)/ deep inside you
Note: the root is KH-L-L and it means vinegar in one of it’s most concrete meanings. It also carries the meaning of close friendship and close intermingling between entities. The relationship could be because vinegar was a product of close mingling of the grape Juice with other material. KHILALAKUM means through you or deep inside you.
Yabghoonakumu: they desire for you (plural)/ they aim for you
Note: the root is B-GHain-Y or B-ghain-w and it means the young unripe fruit and the young animal. This is some of the concrete meaning. It does attain the meaning of something desirable or desire as well as something bad. Both may share that youth is desirable and youth is associated with immaturity and foolish actions. YABGHOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of desiring or aiming for the object (KUM= plural you is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Note: the root is F-T-N and it means in concrete form, the melting of Gold or silver in order to know the pure from the impure or the true from the fake. Therefore, in abstract, the word suggests an extreme test with hardship in it, or a burn with fire or even taking someone’s eyes with the glitter of the false Gold and silver. Here, it means the severe test that has hardship in it. ALFITNATA in this context is the severe test with the aim for failure.
Wafeekum: and amongst you
sammaAAoona: listeners/ vuknerable
Note: The root is S-M-Ain and and it means hearing or hearing and understanding or knowing and retaining at the same time. It also can mean hearing and approving or concurring at times. SAMMaAAooNA are the ones who listen intently.
Lahum: to them
waAllahu: and Allah
AAaleemun : knowledgeable/ knowing
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AAaLEEM is the one that is very knowledgeable
bialththalimeena: in the ransgressors
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. ALTHTHALIMEENA is derived from the root THA-L-M and it means darkness in the most concrete form. This word also takes the meaning of misplacing right from wrong and transgression or injustice since injustice is displacing right from wrong and a decision made in darkness. ALTHTHALIMEEN are the unjust or the one who misplaces right from wrong intentionally and that is the one who decides and acts in darkness.
Hussein
