Monday, December 29, 2008

4:90

Salaam all,

This is 4:90
إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىَ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَاقٌ أَوْ جَآؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أَن يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ أَوْ يُقَاتِلُواْ قَوْمَهُمْ وَلَوْ شَاء اللّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَاتَلُوكُمْ فَإِنِ اعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْاْ إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ اللّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلاً
Illa allatheena yasiloona ila qawmin baynakum wabaynahum meethaqun aw jaookum hasirat sudooruhum an yuqatilookum aw yuqatiloo qawmahum walaw shaa Allahu lasallatahum AAalaykum falaqatalookum faini iAAtazalookum falam yuqatilookum waalqaw ilaykumu alssalama fama jaAAala Allahu lakum AAalayhim sabeelan

The Aya says:
If not those who reach a people between you (plural) and whom a commitment or they came to you, their hearts have great difficulty to fight you or fight their people. And If Allah willed, He would have made them employ their fighting power upon you and fight you. So, if they avoided you, therefore they did not fight you including casted to you the non aggression, then Allah did not make for you a path upon them.

My personal note:
The Aya continues the theme from the previous path. It gives conditions if present then the hypocrites should not be fought. Those are either moving or arriving or living in a place that has a commitment of non aggression with the Muslims or if they avoid fighting the Muslims for whatever reasons including the difficulty in their hearts to be involved in fighting either the Muslims or the non Muslims.

This brings light further context to the previous Aya where the fighting was ordered against the hypocrites who were involved in fighting the Muslims actively.

The end of this Aya is a clear order against fighting those who are committed to non aggression at least amongst the hypocrites.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Illa: if not/ except
Note: the form means literally if not and is used as an exception to something. In here, it points to the previous Aya.
Allatheena: those who
Yasiloona: arrive/ reach/ connect
Note: the root is W-Sad-L means a connection. Some of the derivatives WOOSOOL mean arrival somewhere (since by arriving, you conceptually connected between two places). YASILOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of arriving or reaching to the object (ila Qawmin= to a people) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Ila: to
Qawmin: a people
Note: the root is Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMIN are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group.
Baynakum: between you (plural)
Wabaynahum: and between them
Note: the Arabic way of saying between you and them is in a form of between you and between them.
Meethaqun: assurance/ security/ trust/ commitment
Note: the root is W-TH-Qaf and it means in concrete terms, the secure tying of a knot or the pasture that has lots of grass and therefore is assured of providing enough nutrition. So, the other meanings of the term are assurance and security. MEETHAQUN is an assurance or trust and security. In this context, it is a commitment of non aggression at least.
Aw: or
Jaookum: they came to you (plural)
Note: the root is J-Y-Hamza and it means coming. One concrete word that is derived from this word is the pool where the rain water comes. JAOO is an action that is completed and that is derived from the root. It means that the action of coming happened by the subject (third person plural) towards the object (KUM= plural you).
Hasirat: Sensed difficulty/ sensed limitation
Note: the root is Ha-Sad-R and it means a sense of limitation or difficulty. It can take the meaning of being in a state of siege or prison or anything that makes an entity limited in it’s scope or ability. HASIRAT is an action that is completed. It means: the action of sensing difficulty or narrowness and limit happened by the subject (Sudooruhum= their chests).
Sudooruhum: their chests/ their inner selves
Note: the root is Sad-D-R and it means chest of the person. It also takes the conceptual additional meanings of a container of secrets as well as the place where things emanate from, as in the inner self. SUDOORU means chests of. HUM means them.

An: that
Yuqatilookum: they physically fight you (plural)
Note: The root is Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. YUQATILOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of physically fighting is happening or will be happening in an interactive manner with the object (KUM= plural you) by the subject (third person plural).
Aw: or
Yuqatiloo: they physically fight
Note: The root is Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. YUQATILOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of physically fighting is happening or will be happening in an interactive manner with the object (QAWMAHUM= their people) by the subject (third person plural).
qawmahum: their people
Note: the root is Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMA are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group. HUM means them.
Walaw: and if
Note: there is a tone of skepticism in the conditional LAW=if, as if suggesting that often the condition did not happen or is unlikely to happen and so on.
Shaa: He willed/ He entitied
Note: the root is Sh-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means that the action of entitying happened by the subject (third person singular). Therefore it means: He entitied and in this context, it takes the meaning He willed.
Allahu: Allah/God
Note: Allah is the subject of the action that was mentioned earlier SHAA.
Lasallatahum: Then He would have indeed made them apply their fighting power
Note: the root is S-L-TTA and it means power that can overcome obstacles. As a concept it can be extended to the power that is physical, mental, spiritual and power of argument and proof. It also could mean overpowering. LASALLALLATAHUM is an action that is a response to the conditional LAW. It means: then he would have indeed made them concentrate their power or practice their power.
AAalaykum: over you (plural)
Falaqatalookum: then they would have indeed physically fought you (plural)
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. LAQATALOOKUM is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. LAQATALOOKUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of physically fighting is happening or will be happening in an interactive manner with the object (KUM= plural you) by the subject (third person plural).
Faini: so if
iAAtazalookum: they avoided you/ did not fight you
Note: IAATAZALOOKUM is derived from the root Ain-Z-L and it means being apart from an entity. One concrete meaning of the word is the cloud that does not rain, therefore separated it’s rain from the land. Another concrete meaning is coitus interruptus where the man withdraws before the ejaculation. IAATAZALOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of avoiding or not fighting (in this context) the object (kum=plural you) happened by the subject (third person plural).
falam: then not
Yuqatilookum: they physically fight you (plural)
Note: The root is Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. YUQATILOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of physically fighting is happening or will be happening in an interactive manner with the object (KUM= plural you) by the subject (third person plural).
Waalqaw: and they casted/ and they offered
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ALQAW is derived from the root L-Qaf-Y and it means receiving as a concept which would be understood more specifically according to the sentence. Concrete uses of the word are a female that gets pregnant easily, therefore she received the sperm well. It is also used for the birds that hunt because they receive the prey easily and so forth. ALQAW is an action that is completed. It means the action of making the object (Alssalama= their peace/ non aggression) received was made to happen by the subject (third person plural). This takes the meaning of casting peace or non aggression.
Ilaykumu: to you (plural)
Alssalama: the peace/ the non aggression
Note: the root is S-L-M and it means dissociation from an entity to re-associate with another that is usually better. This carries the meaning of health and safety. It also carries the meaning of delivery from one to another and it carries the meaning of peace, since it is the dissociation from harm or anything that leads to harm. The context helps in determining the meaning. ALSSALAMA means the dissociation from aggression in this context and that is peace.
Fama: then not
jaAAala: He made
Note: the root is J-Ain-L and it means making or to make. JaAAaLA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (Sabeelan= apth) by the subject (Allah, coming up).
Allahu: Allah
Lakum: to you (plural)/ for you
AAalayhim: upon them/ on them
Sabeelan: a path
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELAN is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.

Salaam all and have a great evening

Hussein

Wednesday, December 24, 2008

4:89

Salaam all,

This is 4:89
وَدُّواْ لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُواْ فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَاء فَلاَ تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنْهُمْ أَوْلِيَاء حَتَّىَ يُهَاجِرُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ فَإِن تَوَلَّوْاْ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ وَجَدتَّمُوهُمْ وَلاَ تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنْهُمْ وَلِيًّا وَلاَ نَصِيرًا
Waddoo law takfuroona kama kafaroo fatakoonoona sawaan fala tattakhithoo minhum awliyaa hatta yuhajiroo fee sabeeli Allahi fain tawallaw fakhuthoohum waoqtuloohum haythu wajadtumoohum wala tattakhithoo minhum waliyyan wala naseeran

The aya says:
They loved that you (plural) reject as they rejected then you become equal. So, do not take from amongst them guardians, protégés until they migrate in Allah’s path. So, if they did not, then engage them in fighting and kill them where you encounter them. And do not take from amongst them guardian, protégés and not supporter.

My personal note:
The context of this Aya and the ones that come after it seem to suggest that the Munafiqeen= hypocrites that are mentioned in this passage are people who may have declared Islam to some of the Muslims but continued to live in Mecca or be strongly associated with the people of Mecca, and living the life and practices of the non believers of that city, including persecution of the Muslims who were unable to leave the city and aiming for destruction of the Muslim state in Medina by any means, including fighting and killing.

The order came to engage those people in fighting that may lead to their death, even if they were supposedly Muslim. Their option is to abandon Mecca and come to Medina, or at least abandon clearly the major practices of the city, including fighting and killing the Muslims as comes in the coming Ayat.

The passage “Khuthoohum waoquloohum= Engage them and kill them” is understood as fighting them in battle including not hesitating to kill them if they were fighting alongside the non believers against the Muslims. It is not understood as assassinate them or kill them in a vigilante fashion. This is because vigilantism was never the practice of the Prophet (pbuh) nor his companions. They never trapped anyone and kill them and they never killed anyone in a vigilante fashion. That is why this Aya cannot be understood differently from the prophet (pbuh) and his companions. They did fight and kill in battle only. There is a hadeeth where a Muslim beat the unbeliever in battle and was ready to kill him, the unbeliever then declared Shahada (There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger). The Muslim killed him. When the news came to the prophet (pbuh), he asked the Muslim: Why did you kill him since he said Shahada? The response was because I thought he did it to preserve his life. The prophet responded: Did you know what is in his heart?

So, this rule also applies to the non believers as well as to the Munafiqeen if they declared Shahada in that situation and hajaroo= abandoned their old way which included fighting and killing Muslims.

The next Aya will bring more explanation and context to this.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Waddoo: they loved
Note: the root is W-D-D and it means proper love or genuine love. WADDOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of loving happened by the subject (third person plural).
Law: if (with skepticism)/ that
Takfuroona: you (plural) reject/ discard
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. TAKFUROONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Kama: as
kafaroo: they rejected/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
Fatakoonoona: then you (plural) become/ happen to be
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. TAKOONOONA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. TAKOONOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural). This in turn means: You become or you happen to be.
Sawaan: equal/ at same level
Note: the root is S-W-Y and it means balance or equality. SAWAAN suggests a balance between two entities and in this context it suggests equality or being at the same level.
Fala: then not
Tattakhithoo: take for yourselves/ take
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. TATTAKHITHOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of taking the object (awliya- guardians) for oneself is being made to happen or will be made to happen by the subject (second person plural).
Minhum: from them/ from amongst them.
Awliyaa: guardians/ protégés/ guardians and protégés
Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship. AWLIYAA is either the one who is a guardian or the one who receives guardianship of another or both. In this context, guardian and protégé apply. Therefore I used both.
Hatta: until
Yuhajiroo: they migrate/ move on and abandon/ abandon
Note: the root is H-J-R and it means moving on through leaving or abandoning an entity. This entity can be someone or something or some place and so forth. YUHAJAROO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of moving on and leaving behind an entity is happening or will be happening in an interactive manner by the subject (third person plural) to an object that is undeclared (therefore opening it to wider degree of interpretation since the object can be a location or a people and their way of life or just a way of life and so on).
Fee: in
Sabeeli: path of
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELI is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.
Allahi: Allah
Fain: so if
Tawallaw: did otherwise/ decided not to/ followed their own direction instead/ followed another direction
Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship. TAWALLAW is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of making oneself follow own direction with one’s own guarantee, happened by the subject (third person plural). This is used here to mean directing oneself away from what is offered and the guarantee that is offered. In this context, it carries the meaning of sticking to the old ways and animosity of the Muslim community.
Fakhuthoohum: then take them/ then attack them/ then engage them in a fight
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. KHUTHOOHUM is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. KHUTHOOHUM is an order or a request addressed to a group. It means: take them and in here it take the shape of attack or engaging them in a fight.
Waoqtuloohum: and kill them/ fatally injure
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. OQTULOOHUM is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. OQTULOOHUM is an order or a request that is addressing a group. It means: Kill them or fatally injure them.
Haythu: wherever
Wajadtumoohum: you (plural) find them/ encounter them
Note: WAJADTUMOOHUM is derived from the root W-J-D and it means in one concrete meaning the water that has accumulated in the desert. This is then used to mean a find that is really important. WAJADTUMOOHUM is an action that is derived from the root. It means: the action of finding happened by the subject (second person plural). Although the form of the verb is in the past, the fact that it is conditional by the haythu=wherever, it takes the shape of Where you find them or encounter them rather than the past form of the verb.
Wala: and not
Tattakhithoo: take for yourselves
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. TATTAKHITHOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of taking the object (awliya- guardians) for oneself is being made to happen or will be made to happen by the subject (second person plural).
Minhum: from them/ from amongst them
Waliyyan: guardian/ protégé/ guardian and protégé
Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship. WALIYYAN is either the one who is a guardian or the one who receives guardianship of another or both. In this context, it takes the meaning of guardian and protégé.
Wala: and not/ including not
Naseeran: supporter
Note: the root N-Sad-R and it means aid or help at a time of need. NASEERA means: supporter or helper at the time of need.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

Thursday, December 18, 2008

4:88

Salaam all,

This is 4:88
فَمَا لَكُمْ فِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِئَتَيْنِ وَاللّهُ أَرْكَسَهُم بِمَا كَسَبُواْ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَهْدُواْ مَنْ أَضَلَّ اللّهُ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ سَبِيلاً
Fama lakum fee almunafiqeena fiatayni waAllahu arkasahum bima kasaboo atureedoona an tahdoo man adalla Allahu waman yudlili Allahu falan tajida lahu sabeelan

The Aya says:
So what about you having in the hypocrites two groups?! And Allah turned them upside down because of what they earned. Do you (plural) seek to guide whom Allah made lost?! And whomever Allah makes lost, then you (singular) will never find for him a path.


My personal note:
The Aya touches on important issues. First is the issue of Munafiqeen which I translated as hypocrites. The term munafiqeen applies to anyone who declares Islam while hiding rejection of Islam. This rejection can be complete or partial and it can be completely hidden, or apparent in degrees. The context of this Aya suggests that the term munafiqeen was used for people who apparently showed their rejection in one way or another, while still declaring Islam. The reason is that their actions caused the division of the Muslims into two groups in how to deal with them. The context becomes clearer in the next few Ayat.

The other issue that is being mentioned is this: Does God cause people to become misguided? The answer is yes, if they deserved it or asked for it. The aya here brings the reason why God caused them to be misguided. It is by what they earned in moving towards misguidance and in abandoning Taqwa= consciousness of God. This is the message to all of us to move in Taqwa= consciousness of God, so that God will move us towards guidance and away from misguidance.


Translation of the transliterated words:
Fama: then what/ so what
Lakum: to you (plural)/ belongs to you
Note: MA LAKUM is a form of sentence that poses a question with the meaning: What is happening with you? What is going on? and so forth.
Fee: in
Almunafiqeena: the hypocrites/ the ones who claim safety in God while they are otherwise.
Note: the root is N-F-Qaf and it means tunnel in the concrete sense. This is then used to mean anything that is tunneled from one place to another as in having an apparent picture that is different from the hidden one. Another is tunneling you money to another destination as in giving some of your money to charity or so forth. Here, it is used for the apparent being different from the hidden. ALMUNAFIQEEN in this context are the ones who declare Iman (safety in God) while in truth, they are otherwise.
Fiatayni: two groups
Note: the root is F-Hamza-Y and it means in concrete, hitting an entity so that it becomes divided in two. Conceptually, it is used for groups because of the division. FIATAYNI means two groups.
waAllahu: and Allah/ while Allah
arkasahum: made them turn upside down/ made them return where they started
Note: the root is R-K-S and it means turning an entity upside down. Conceptually, it is used for many things including return an entity to where it came from in a humiliating way and so on. ARKASAHUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (HUM= them and points to the hypocrites) turn upside down or return to what they came from happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Bima: by what/ with what/ because of what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what
Kasaboo: they earned/ gained
Note: the root is K-S-B and it means earning or collecting. KASABOO is an action that is completed and that is derived from the root. It means: the action of earning or collecting happened by the subject (third person plural).
Atureedoona: Do you (plural) seek? Want?
Note: ATUREEDOONA is derived from the root R-W-D and it means in concrete the person that goes ahead of the people looking for resources. Therefore, the word has within it the meanings of pioneering, seeking and desiring. ATUREEDOONA is a question about an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: Do you (plural) seek or want?
An: that
Tahdoo: you (plural) guide
Note: The root is H-D-Y and it means gift in all it’s forms and it carries the meaning of guidance since guidance is a gift. TAHDOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of guiding the object (man= who, coming up) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Man: who
Adalla: He made lost
Note: the root is Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the road or losing something. ADALLA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (man=who) loose the path or become misguided happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah, coming next).
Allahu: Allah
Waman: and whoever
Yudlili: He makes lost
Note: the root is Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the road or losing something. YUDILLI is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (man=who) loose the path or become misguided is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah, coming next).
Allahu: Allah
Falan: then never
Tajida: will you (singular) find
Note: the root is W-J-D and it means in one concrete meaning the water that has accumulated in the desert. This is then used to mean a find that is really important. TAJIDA is an action that is derived from the root. It means: the action of finding is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular).
Lahu: to him/ for him
Sabeelan: a path
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELAN is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

Saturday, December 13, 2008

4:87

Salaam all,

This is 4:87
اللّهُ لا إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ لَيَجْمَعَنَّكُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَمَنْ أَصْدَقُ مِنَ اللّهِ حَدِيثًا
Allahu la ilaha illa huwa layajmaAAannakum ila yawmi alqiyamati la rayba feehi waman asdaqu mina Allahi hadeethan

The Aya says:
Allah, none is worthy of worship except HE. He will indeed gather you (plural) to the Day of Judgment, no doubt in it. And who is better than Allah in informing of happenings?!

My personal note:
HADEETH carries the meaning of the happening of things and also informing of happenings whether past, present or future. In this context, it carries the meaning of informing of happenings. There is none that is more truthful than Allah in informing us of those happenings.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Allahu: Allah
La: no
Ilaha: God/ one worthy of worship
Note: the root is Hamza-L-H and it means God or one who is worthy of worship. ILAHA means God.
Illa: except/ if not
Note: literally it means if not and it is used to point to exceptions.
Huwa: He
layajmaAAannakum: He will indeed gather you (plural)
Note: the root is J-M-Ain and it means gather the different parts together or putting things together. LAYAJMaAAaNNAKUM is an action that will be completed with strong emphasis. It means: the action of gathering together the object (second person plural) will indeed or emphatically happen by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Ila: to
Yawmi: day of
Note: YAWMI is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. YAWMI means day of.
Alqiyamati: the standing/ the rising
Note: the root is Q-W-M and it means standing upright. ALQIYAMATI is the standing upright or upright standing. This is a term that is used for the day of judgment because we all stand in front of GOD. YAWMI ALQIYAMATI is the judgment day.
La: no
Rayba: doubt/ disturbance
Note: the root is R-Y-B and it means doubt mixed with disturbance or suspicion of untruth. RAYBA means doubt or disturbance or a combination of the two. Conceptually, the two are related because bad doubt is something that disturbs and removes stability and calm.
Feehi: in him (Day of Judgment)
Waman: and who
Asdaqu: more truthful
Note: the root is Sad-D-Qaf and it means truth in word or deed. When it is in deed, it takes the shape of charity as the act of truthfulness or that charity is considered giving what truly belongs to the ones who receive it. ASDAQU means more truthful.
Mina: of/ from/ than
Allahi: Allah
Hadeethan: happening/ saying/ news/ actions/ informing of happenings
Note: The root is Ha-D-TH and it means to happen for the verb and happening for the noun. This is conceptually then extended to many different understandings that are linked to the context. They carry the meanings of happenings as news, or sayings or new developments or all, as long as the context of the sentence allows it. HADEETHAN here carries the conceptual meanings of informing of happening, which covers informing of sayings and actions of Allah or of people.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

Thursday, December 11, 2008

4:86

Salaam all,

This is 4:86
وَإِذَا حُيِّيْتُم بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّواْ بِأَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا أَوْ رُدُّوهَا إِنَّ اللّهَ كَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَسِيبًا
Waitha huyyeetum bitahiyyatin fahayyoo biahsana minha aw ruddooha inna Allaha kana AAala kulli shayin haseeban

The Aya says:
And if you (plural) were greeting by a greeting, then greet by more beautiful than her, or return her. Indeed, Allah is, on every entity, accounting.

My personal note:
This Aya is in many ways self explanatory.

Translation of the transliterated words:


Waitha: and if/ when
Huyyeetum: you (plural) were greeted
Note: the root is Ha-Y-W and it means life or movement. The two are related since movement is a sign of life to the Arabs. Conceptually, the term can take other meanings including greetings and shyness as well according to the context. The relationship is that Arabs before Islam used to greet each other by wishing a good and long life. In here, it takes the meaning of greetings. HUYYEETUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of greeting the object (second person plural) happened by an undeclared subject.
Bitahiyyatin: by a greeting
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. TAHIYYATIN is derived from the root Ha-Y-W and it means life or movement. The two are related since movement is a sign of life to the Arabs. Conceptually, the term can take other meanings including greetings and shyness as well according to the context. The relationship is that Arabs before Islam used to greet each other by wishing a good and long life. In here, it takes the meaning of greetings. TAHIYYATIN means a greeting.
Fahayyoo: then greet
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. HAYYOO is derived from the root Ha-Y-W and it means life or movement. The two are related since movement is a sign of life to the Arabs. Conceptually, the term can take other meanings including greetings and shyness as well according to the context. The relationship is that Arabs before Islam used to greet each other by wishing a good and long life. In here, it takes the meaning of greetings. HAYYOO is an order a request addressed to a group. It means: greet.
Biahsana: by better/ by more beautiful
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. AHSANA is derived from the root Ha-S-N and it means beauty and goodness in all the aspects of beauty and goodness. AHSANA means more beautiful or better.
Minha: than her
Aw: or
Ruddooha: return it
Note: RDDOOHA is derived from the root R-D-D and it means: making an entity return to a point of beginning. This is the general conceptual meaning and it takes meanings of repelling or other forms of “making return” that are dictated by the context of the text. RUDDOOHA is an order or request to action addressing a group of people. It means: make the object (HA= her pointing to the greeting) return to where it needs to go, which suggests greeting with the same greeting.
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
Kana: Happened to be
Note; KANA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular pointing to Allah). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.
AAala: upon/ on
Kulli: every/ each
Note: KULLI is derived from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete and it means all or every or each. It can also be extended conceptually to mean the parts surrounding an entity. KULLI means every, or each.
Shayin: entity/ thing
Note: the root is SH-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAYIN means entity. It is taken here to mean a thing or entity.
Haseeban: measurer/ upholder of account/ accounting
Note: the root is Ha-S-B and it means calculation. This word then takes many other meanings according to the plane of thought that is talked about. It takes the form of thought and so forth. HASEEBAN is the one who measures or calculates well or the one who upholds the account.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

Tuesday, December 09, 2008

4:85

Salaam all,

This is 4:85
مَّن يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً حَسَنَةً يَكُن لَّهُ نَصِيبٌ مِّنْهَا وَمَن يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً سَيِّئَةً يَكُن لَّهُ كِفْلٌ مِّنْهَا وَكَانَ اللّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مُّقِيتًا
Man yashfaAA shafaAAatan hasanatan yakun lahu naseebun minha waman yashfaAA shafaAAatan sayyiatan yakun lahu kiflun minha wakana Allahu AAala kulli shayin muqeetan

The Aya says:
Whoever makes a beautiful intercession, will have a portion of it. And whoever makes an ugly intercession, will have a share of it’s responsibility. And Allah happened to be nourishing upon every entity.

My personal note:
The Aya gives an important rule for us. It tells us that when we recommend on behalf of someone then it is a responsibility that we will have to carry. If the recommendation is good and the person deserves it, then God likes it, while if it is not then we carry part of the responsibility as well.

This rule is often understood as pointing to intercession on the Day of Judgment, where Allah is telling all, that you should not intercede or recommend to God, except those who deserve to be recommended. However, it applies to every day life.

The Aya ends with telling us, that God takes care of every thing and everybody and He provides us what maintains us.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Man: who/ whomever
yashfaAA: recommends on behalf of another/ intercedes on behalf of another.
Note: the root is SH-F-Ain and it means even number as opposed to odd number. Conceptually, this takes the meaning of recommendation on behalf of someone or intercession on behalf of someone because that makes the one person into a partner with the second (shafaa=even number). YASHFaAA is an action that is being completed. It means: the action of recommending or interceding on behalf of an object (undeclared) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

shafaAAatan: intercession/ recommendation
Note: the root is SH-F-Ain and it means even number as opposed to odd number. Conceptually, this takes the meaning of recommendation on behalf of someone or intercession on behalf of someone because that makes the one person into a partner with the second (shafaa=even number). SHAFaAAaTAN is what makes an odd number even in a concrete fashion. This means partnership with one person to help for time of need, and in this area some form of intercession on behalf of someone or recommendation as the type of partnership.
Hasanatan: good/ beautiful
Note: the root is Ha-S-N and it means beauty and goodness in all the aspects of beauty and goodness. HASANATAN is an entity of beauty or goodness which could be an act or a matter or any other entity.
Yakun: will happen to be/ happens to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. YAKUNI is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He happens to be
Lahu: to him/ belongs to him
Naseebun: A part/ A portion
Note: The root is N-Sad-B and it means something elevated that it can be seen. It then can take many other meanings as in pursuit of something elevated, uphill or difficult and tiring effort and a worshipped stature since it is usually elevated or pursued. NASEEB is used to mean a portion or part of something. When one places an entity on an elevated area, then it is ready to be picked by some and that may be the relation to portion to be picked and so on
Minha: of her (the recommendation or intercession).
Waman: and whoever/ while whoever
yashfaAA: recommends on behalf of another/ intercedes on behalf of another.
Note: the root is SH-F-Ain and it means even number as opposed to odd number. Conceptually, this takes the meaning of recommendation on behalf of someone or intercession on behalf of someone because that makes the one person into a partner with the second (shafaa=even number). YASHFaAA is an action that is being completed. It means: the action of recommending or interceding on behalf of an object (undeclared) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

shafaAAatan: intercession/ recommendation
Note: the root is SH-F-Ain and it means even number as opposed to odd number. Conceptually, this takes the meaning of recommendation on behalf of someone or intercession on behalf of someone because that makes the one person into a partner with the second (shafaa=even number). SHAFaAAaTAN is what makes an odd number even in a concrete fashion. This means partnership with one person to help for time of need, and in this area some form of intercession on behalf of someone or recommendation as the type of partnership.
Sayyiatan: ugly/ hated
Note: the root is S-Y-Hamza and it means hated word or deed. It can also mean ugly or vulnerable. All the meanings are linked somehow by one concept. This word then means different things according to the plane of thought that is being talked about. SAYYIATAN is the ugly or hated deed or any ugly or hate worthy entity.
Yakun: will happen to be/ happens to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. YAKUNI is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He happens to be
Lahu: to him/ belongs to him
Kiflun: share of responsibility
Note: The root K-F-L and it means behind/pelvis or what protects the pelvis, as in the matt that one sits on when riding the horse or a camel and so forth. It is extended according to the plane of thought to mean protection and taking care of or be responsible for the welfare of. KIFLUN is a share of responsibility.
Minha; of her/ from her
Wakana: and happened to be
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KANA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular pointing to Allah). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be.
Allahu: Allah
AAala: upon/ on
Kulli: every/ each
Note: KULLI is derived from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete and it means all or every or each. It can also be extended conceptually to mean the parts surrounding an entity. KULLI means every, or each.
Shayin: entity/ thing
Note: the root is SH-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAYIN means entity. It is taken here to mean a thing or entity.
Muqeetan: maintaining/ providing/ nourishing
Note: the root is Qaf-W-T and it means in concrete usage: what maintains the human or animal or otherwise of food and drink and so on. Conceptually, it carries the idea of provision, nourishment and maintenance. MUQEETAN is the one who provides the nourishment or maintenance.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein

Friday, December 05, 2008

4:84

Salaam all,

This is 4:84
فَقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ لاَ تُكَلَّفُ إِلاَّ نَفْسَكَ وَحَرِّضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَسَى اللّهُ أَن يَكُفَّ بَأْسَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَاللّهُ أَشَدُّ بَأْسًا وَأَشَدُّ تَنكِيلاً
Faqatil fee sabeeli Allahi la tukallafu illa nafsaka waharridi almumineena AAasa Allahu an yakuffa basa allatheena kafaroo waAllahu ashaddu basan waashaddu tankeelan

The Aya says:
Then physically fight (O Muhammad), in Allah’s path. Only your own self is accountable. And strongly encourage the ones who made themselves safe (in Allah and His message). Perhaps, that Allah will hold back the fighting power of those who rejected. And Allah has more fighting power and stronger in showing bad consequences.

My personal note:
We covered the issue of fighting in Allah’s path and that it is the fight to remove active obstacles in the path of Allah’s message. The Aya here, touches the obligation upon the messenger and that He is only accountable to what he is asked to do and that is fight and strongly encourage his followers to fight.
The Aya then covers the intent of this fighting and it is always important to understand intent because the order cannot be unlinked from the intent. It is to hold back the harshness and toughness of the rejecters of the message. As mentioned earlier, to remove the active obstacles to the message.

The Aya ends up by reminding us that Allah is stronger than those who stand blocking His path. Allah is also more effective in causing bad consequences to human actions or inactions.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Faqatil: then physically fight (singular)
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. QATIL is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. QATIL is an order to a person but can be understood as addressing each individual in a group. It means: engage in the action mentioned above in an interactive manner. This carries the meaning of a physical fight where the two groups are involved in potentially physically killing each other.
Fee: in
Sabeeli: path of
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELI is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.
Allahi: Allah
La: not
Tukallafu: obliged/burdened/ obligatorily burdened/ holding accountableNote: the root is K-L-F and it means a certain rash that comes on the face with reddish brown color. This is the concrete and it means conceptually, attachment since the person is stuck with that rash and obligation and it can mean a burden that the person is supposed to carry. TUKALLAFU is an action that is completed. It means: the action of burdening/ holding accountable or obligating an object (nafsaka= yourself) happened by an undeclared subject.illa: except/ if not
Nafsaka: yourself
Note: NAFSAKA is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath. This is the concept and then it can extend to self or anything that breathes. NAFSA means self of. KA means you (singular).
Waharridi: and strongly encourage/ and shame in case of lack of action/ inform of poor consequences in lack of action
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. HARRIDI is derived from the root Ha-R-Dhad and in the form of HARAD it means the entity that is in poor shape. HARRIDI is an order or a demand to a singular. It means: strongly encourage an action/ make it shameful if they did not act. It’s relationship with the entity in poor shape comes from making them aware that their lack of action makes them in poor shape and so forth.
Almumineena: the ones who made themselves safe
Note: the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. ALMUMINEENA means ones who make themselves safe.
AAasa: perhaps
Allahu: Allah
An: that
Yakuffa: He holds back/ He stops
Note: the root is K-F-F and it means the palm of the hand. This then can take several conceptual meanings including hold back, if the palm is closed and so on. YAKUFFA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (basa= hardness/ power) desist or stop is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Basa: hardness of/ fighting power of/ toughness of
Note: the root is B-Hamza-S and it means lion for concrete. The word is used to mean hardship or hard depending on the situation. BASA means the hardness and that is used to mean Fight or fighting power of because of the hard time all have with it.
Allatheena: those who
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
waAllahu: and Allah/ while Allah
ashaddu: more tight/ more intense
Note: the root is SH-D-D and it means tightening something or making it harder or more firm. ASAHDDU means tighter or harder or more intense.
Basan: toughness/ hardness/ fighting power
Note: the root is B-Hamza-S and it means lion for concrete. The word is used to mean hardship or hard depending on the situation. BASAN means the hardness/ toughness and that is used to mean Fight or fighting power of because of the hard time all have with it.
Waashaddu: and more tight in/ intense in
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ASHADDU is derived from the root SH-D-D and it means tightening something or making it harder or more firm. ASAHDDU means tighter or harder or more intense.
Tankeelan: making of tough consequences
Note: the root is N-K-L and it means to avoid something or doing something due to witnessing or clear knowledge of the bad consequences. Conceptually, it carries the meaning of avoidance and of tough consequences to actions or words and so forth. TANKEELAN is the making of those tough consequences, so they will work as a reminder to do what needs to be done or avoid what needs to be avoided.

Salaam all and have a great evening.

Hussein

Monday, December 01, 2008

4:83

Salaam all,

This is 4:83
وَإِذَا جَاءهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الأَمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُوْلِي الأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ وَلَوْلاَ فَضْلُ اللّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ لاَتَّبَعْتُمُ الشَّيْطَانَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً
Waitha jaahum amrun mina alamni awi alkhawfi athaAAoo bihi walaw raddoohu ila alrrasooli waila olee alamri minhum laAAalimahu allatheena yastanbitoonahu minhum walawla fadlu Allahi AAalaykum warahmatuhu laittabaAAtumu alshshaytana illa qaleelan

The Aya says:
And if came to them a matter of safety or fear, they announced it. And if they referred it to the messenger and to the people of authority amongst them, then those who thoroughly analyze it amongst them would have known it. And if not for Allah’s blessing upon you (plural) including His mercy, then you (plural) would have followed Satan except for a few.

My personal note:
This aya mentions that when a certain piece of news that is of significance in matters of safety or fear is become available, then the prudent thing to do is share with people who can understand it and it’s significance before announcing it. It may also signify that the people who announce such important matter are the people of authority, rulers or scholars and so forth.


The Aya continues by pointing to us one important blessing from Allah. It is that He prevents the good percentage of us from joining and following Satan and his ways.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waitha: and if/ when
Jaahum: came to them
Note: the root is J-Y-Hamza and it means coming. One concrete word that is derived from this word is the pool where the rain water comes. JAA is an action that is completed and that is derived from the root. It means that the action of coming happened by the subject (thir person singular pointing to AMR=matter) to the object HUM which means: them.
Amrun: matter/implement
Note: The root is Hamza-M-R and it means ordering something and the implementation of it. Sometimes it attains the implementation part or matter as in personal matter and so forth, and at times it is the order and implementation of the order, depending on the situation in the sentence. AMRUN in this context means matter or implement.
Mina: of/ from
Alamni: the safety
Note: the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. ALAMNI means the safety.
Awi: or
Alkhawfi: the fear
Note: the root is KH-W-F and it means fear. ALKHAWFI means the fear.
athaAAoo: they announced/ they let be known
Note: the root is TH-Y-Ain and it means making something known or announced. ATHaAAoo is an action that is completed. It means: the making of the object (bihi= by it, the matter of fear or safety) known and announced happened by the subject (third person plural).
Bihi: by him/ With him
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. HI means him and it points to the matter of fear or safety.
Walaw: and if/ while if
Raddoohu: they returned him/ they referred him
Note: RADDOOHU is derived from the root R-D-D and it means: making an entity return to a point of beginning. This is the general conceptual meaning and it takes meanings of repelling or other forms of “making return” that are dictated by the context of the text. RADDOOHU is an action that is completed. It means: the making of the object (HU= him pointing to the matter) return to another object (ALRRASOOLI= the messenger, coming up) happened by the subject (third person plural).
Ila: to
Alrrasooli: the messenger/ the envoy
Note: ALRRASOOLI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. ALRRASOOLI means the envoy or the messenger.
Waila: and to
Olee: people of
Alamri: the ordering/ the implementation/ the ordering and implementation/ the leadership
Note: the root is Hamza-M-R and it means ordering something and the implementation of it. ALAMRI is the order or the implementation or both at the same time. OLEE AL AMRI are the people of the ordering and implementation. This suggests the people in leadership positions whether political, judicial, religious and so on.
Minhum: of them/ amongst them
laAAalimahu: then would have known him
Note: La means then or therefore. AAaLIMAHU is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AAaLIMAHU is an action that is completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (HU= him and points to the matter of safety or fear) happened by the subject (third person plural).

Allatheena: those who
Yastanbitoonahu: extract him/ study him thoroughly to see what is beyond it
Note: the root is N-B-TTA and it means digging for water and reaching the water level. It is used conceptually to mean extraction and search deeply and also deep study according to the context of the sentence. YASTANBITOONAHU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of extracting or studying the object (HU=him and points to the matter of safety or fear) thoroughly to see what is beyond it is happening by the subject (third person plural).
Minhum: amongst them
Walawla: and if not/ while if not for
Fadlu: bounty of/ favor of/ abundance of
Note: the root is F-Dhad-L and it means overflowing of good or being able to fulfill all your needs from an entity and then still have more of it spared. It can also mean abundance due to the same reason. FADLU means: overflowing of good of or provision of more goodness than is required to cover the needs so that there will remain more of it left.
Allahi: Allah
AAalaykum: upon you (plural)
Warahmatuhu: and His mercy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. RAHMATUHU is derived from the root R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. This term is used to mean mercy and all the good that the womb provides. RAHMATU is the womb-like mercy of. HU means him and it points to Allah.
laittabaAAtumu: then you (plural) would have joined and followed/ followed
Note: LA means then. ITTABaAATUMU is derived from the root root T-B-Ain and it means following footsteps or following behind, or joining and following. ITTABaAATUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making oneself follow the object (alshshaytana= satan) happened by the subject (second person plural).
Alshshaytana: : Satan/ the one that is displaced from God’s mercy and works on displacing others.
Note: the root is SH-Ta-N and it means in one of the concrete meanings the long rope and in another the long rope at the well that one uses to get the bucket out of the water. The term is used to mean far and away (in all the planes of thought) as the long rope and it is also used for displacement or pulling away, as a parallel to the rope that pulls the bucked out of the water. ALSHAITAN is the one who is far or away (from God’s mercy) and who works at pulling others away through his long “rope”. It is the word used from Satan.
Illa: if not/ except
Note: literally it means if not and it is used to point to exceptions.
Qaleelan: a little/ a few
Note: the root is Qaf-L-L and it means becoming few in quality or quantity. QALEELAN is little or few in quality and in quantity.

Salaam all and have a great evening

Hussein