9:117

Salaam all,

This is
9:117
لَقَد تَّابَ الله عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالأَنصَارِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ فِي سَاعَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا كَادَ يَزِيغُ قُلُوبُ فَرِيقٍ مِّنْهُمْ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّهُ بِهِمْ رَؤُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ

Laqad taba Allahu AAala alnnabiyyi waalmuhajireena waalansari allatheena ittabaAAoohu fee saAAati alAAusrati min baAAdi ma kada yazeeghu quloobu fareeqin minhum thumma taba AAalayhim innahu bihim raoofun raheemun

The Aya says:
Indeed Allah had re-bonded upon the prophet and the refugees and the supporters who joined and followed him at the time of hardship after that hearts of a faction of them nearly drifted. Then, He re-bonded upon them. He indeed, to them, tender, merciful.

My personal note:
I translated the word taba as re-bonding because it is about return to the path and facilitating it and so it is essentially about re-bonding and re-strengthening that bond. Re-bonding should not mean necessarily that the bond was broken. It can mean that the bond was strengthened in addition to fixing any potential break or weakness.
The Aya mentioned two very important groups and they are the muhajireen who were the immigrants or basically the refugees from Mecca and the others where their hosts the Ansar who not only hosted them but actively supported them.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Laqad: indeed
Taba: He facilitated return/ He rep-bonded/ He facilitated re-bonding
Note: TABA is derived from the root T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. TABA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of facilitating or accepting repentance or ultimate return or re-bonding (to God) happened by the subject (third person singular)

Allahu: Allah
AAala: upon
Alnnabiyyi: The prophet
Note: ALNABIYYI is derived from one of two roots either The first is N-B-Hamza and it means news. The other is N-B-Y and it means elevated. The word NABIYY means a prophet, and it could be because the prophet brings news or that he is elevated over others or both. ALNNABIYYA means the prophet and the AL signifies that the person talked about is known to the listener or listeners.

Waalmuhajireena: and the immigrants/ the refugees/ the ones that left homr
Note: WA is for addition here. ALMUHAJIREENA is derived from the root is H-J-R and it means leaving or abandoning someone or something or some place and so forth. ALMUHAJIROON are the ones who left something or someone or some place behind and moved on in an interactive manner. In this context, it points immigration or becoming refugees for the sake of preserving their religion.
Waalansari: and the supporters
Note: WA is here for contrasting to the immigrants. ALANSARI is derived from the root N-Sad-R and it means aid or support or backing whether in need or not but that is decisive in nature and can be the one that leads to a decisive victory and so on. ALANSARI are the ones who supported and aided the immigrants and refugees and hosted them in their own homes and town.

Allatheena: those who
ittabaAAoohu: joined and followed him
Note: ITTABaAAoo is derived from the root T-B-Ain and it means following footsteps or join and follow footsteps. ITTABaAAoo is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making oneself follow footsteps or join and follow footsteps of the object (HU=him pointing to the prophet) happened by the subject (third person plural).

Fee: in/ at
saAAati: hour of/ moment of
Note: the root is S-W-Ain and it means a part of the day or night and basically is often translated as an hour. SaAAaTI means hour of or moment of.
alAAusrati: the hardship
Note: the root is Ain-S-R and it means difficulty or hardship. ALAAuSRATI is the hardship or the difficulty.
Min: from
baAAdi: after
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADI here means: after.

Ma: that

Kada: nearly started
Note: KADA is derived from the root K-Y-D and it means to plan and start doing something, but not clear if it was done or not/ to nearly do something. For the noun it means scheme. KADA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of nearly doing the object (YAZEEGHU= go astray) happened by the subject (third person singular).
Yazeeghu: to deviate
Note: the root is Z-Y-GHAIN. It means in concrete when the sun is not in the middle of the sky, or when the eye deviates from looking straight or when one deviates from the path or the road. Basically having the meaning of deviation from one should be or the safer place. YAZEEGHU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of going astray or deviating is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular or plural).
Quloobu: hearts of/ minds and emotions
Note: The root is Qaf-L-B and it means turning 180 degrees or upside down. The word is used for heart, because it is the organ that changes it’s moods often. Therefore QALB is our thoughts and emotions or what is inside us. QULOOBU are hearts and minds of or thoughts and emotions of.
Fareeqin: a faction/ a group
Note: the root F-R-Qaf and it means separating apart or dispersing. The word FARAQ also derived from the root carries with it the notion of fear. The relation could be that fear splits us apart or it is a fear that tears the person and so on. FAREEQIN means a faction or a group with the understanding that they have some common features a little different from the rest.
Minhum: of them/ amongst them
Thumma: then
Taba: He re-bonded/ He facilitated their re-bonding
Note: TABA is derived from the root T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. TABA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of facilitating or accepting repentance or ultimate return or re-bonding (to God) happened by the subject (third person singular)

AAalayhim: upon them
Innahu: He indeed
Bihim: in them
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. HIM means them and it points to the faithful.

Raoofun: tenderly merciful
Note: the root is R-Hamza-F and it means mercy with love and tenderness. RAOOFUN means merciful and loving at the same time.
Raheemun: Merciful
Note: the root is R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. This term is used to mean mercy and all the good that the womb provides. RAHEEM is the one with the womb-like mercy.

Salaam all and have a great dat=y

Hussein