10:18

 Salaam all

10:18

وَيَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللّهِ مَا لاَ يَضُرُّهُمْ وَلاَ يَنفَعُهُمْ وَيَقُولُونَ هَـؤُلاء شُفَعَاؤُنَا عِندَ اللّهِ قُلْ أَتُنَبِّئُونَ اللّهَ بِمَا لاَ يَعْلَمُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَلاَ فِي الأَرْضِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ

WayaAAbudoona min dooni Allahi ma la yadurruhum wala yanfaAAuhum wayaqooloona haolai shufaAAaona AAinda Allahi qul atunabbioona Allaha bima la yaAAlamu fee alssamawati wala fee alardi subhanahu wataAAala AAamma yushrikoona

 

The Aya says:

And they worship, short of Allah, what does not harm them nor benefit them.  And they say: “Those are our intercessors at Allah’s”.  Respond :” Are you informing Allah of what he does not know in the heavens nor the earth?!”.  Beyond flow is He and exalted from what they polytheistically worship

 

My personal note:

The Aya emphasizes that the entities that people worship in addition or in place of Allah do not do anything to harm or benefit them.  It also shuts the argument that they are worshiped or perhaps revered to act as intercessors.  The Aya asks rhetorically whether they inform Allah of what he does not know?! For nothing is beyond His knowledge.

 

Translation of the transliterated words:

WayaAAbudoona: and they worship/ and they humble themselves to

Note: WA for starting a new sentence that is somewhat related to the previous one.  YaAABUDOONA is derived from the root Ain-B-D and it means slave or servant.  The road that is MUABBAD is the road that is well trodden and made easy to walk or drive on and so on.  Conceptually, aAABD is an entity that is easy to manage and does smooth sailing either by it’s own or by being subject to pressure from above.  It is used for slave or servant or anyone who is humbled for love or devotion or by the sheer power of the other entity.  YaAABDUDOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening.  It means: the action of worshipping or humbling oneself is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural)

Min: from

Dooni: short of / below

Note: The root is D-W-N and it means short of someone or something. It can also mean lower than at times depending on the plane of thought of the sentence. DOONI means short of or below of.

Allahi: Allah

Ma: what

La: not

Yadurruhum: will harm them

Note:   YADURRU is derived from the root Dhad-R-R and it means to harm or opposite of benefit. Concrete word is DAREER and it means blind person or a person that is afflicted with weakness and illness. Conceptually, it covers any kind of significant harm or affliction. YADURRU is an action that is happening or will be happening.  It means: the action of harming the object (HUM= them) is happening or will be happening by the subject (MA=what)

 

Wala: nor

yanfaAAuhum: benefits them

Note: YANFaAAu is derived from the root N-F-Ain and it means useful or beneficial or anything that functions as opposite to harm. YANFaAAu is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of benefiting or being useful to the object (HUM= them) is happening or will be happening by the subject (MA= what)

Wayaqooloona: and they say/ and they claim

Note: WA here is a connection and to continue the discussion.  YAQOOLOONA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying or communicating in any way possible whether in words or otherwise. YAQOOLOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person plural). This, in turn means: they say or they happen to say or communicate.

Haolai: those

shufaAAaona: intercessors

Note: the root is SH-F-Ain and it means even number as opposed to odd number. Conceptually, this takes the meaning of recommendation on behalf of someone or intercession on behalf of someone because that makes the one person into a partner with the second (shafaa=even number). SHUFaAAaONA are the intercessors.

AAinda: at

Allahi: Allah

Qul: : say/ respond

Note: QUL is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QUL is a demand or request addressed to a singular.  It means: say or respond. 

 

Atunabbioona: Do you inform?

Note:  the root is N-B-Hamza and it means news. ATUNABBIOONA is a question that is raised in a rhetorical manner.  It means:  “Do you inform?!/ Do you bring news?!”

Allaha: Allah

Bima: in what/ of what

Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it.  In a Verbal sentence, it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action.  This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. 

La: not

yaAAlamu: He knows/ He knows as fact

Note:  The term is derived from the root Ain-L-M which points to knowledge of facts.  The term YaAALAMU points to an action that is happening or will be happening.  It means: the action of knowing for fact is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).  Because it was preceded by the LA, then the meaning of LA YaAALAMU is what he does not know or what He is ignorant of.

 

Fee: in/ on

Alssamawati: the aboves / the heavens/ the beyond the earth

Note: the root is S-M-W and it means rising. This word is used to mean many things that are related to that meaning. One of the meanings is name because when a person’s name is called, he or she would rise and respond.  ALSSAMAWATI are the aboves or what are above, that is the skies or the heavens or any entity from the atmosphere to beyond that.

 

Wala: nor

Fee: in/ on

Alardi: the land/ the earth

Note:  ALARDI is derived from the root Hamza-R-Dhad and it means earth or land.  ALARDI is the earth/ the land.

 

Subhanahu: above reproach He/ beyond reproach/ above flaw

Note:  The root is S-B-Ha and it gives the concrete meaning of swimming above the water or any smooth unhindered motion above an entity or a surface. When it is used for God, it carries the meaning of God being above any entity and unhindered by it. Basically what Glorification or exaltation of God constitutes and it means also beyond reproach.  Subhanahu means He is exalted or beyond reproach.

wataAAala: and Glorified/ exaltedconceptual sense.

Note: WA here is for inclusion or addition or both.  TaAAaLA is derived from the root Ain-L-Y and it means above or on top.  TaAAaLA is an action that is happening or will be happening.  It means the action of being above is happening or will be happening in an interactive fashion.  In short it points to being glorified in

AAamma: from/ away from

Yushrikoona:  make partners/ acts of polytheism

Note: the root SH-R-K and it means partner or partnership and with this partnership is a measure of equality or being on par. YUSHRIKOON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making partners is happening by the subject (third person plural)

 

 Salaam and have a great day

Hussein

 

10:17

 

10:17

فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَاتِهِ إِنَّهُ لاَ يُفْلِحُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ

Faman athlamu mimmani iftara AAala Allahi kathiban aw kaththaba biayatihi innahu la yuflihu almujrimoona

 

The Aya says:

And who is more unjust than that who concocted falsehood upon Allah or declared His signs untrue?!  Indeed, the criminals do not lead to success.

 

My personal note:

The Aya is a rhetorical question where the answer is going to be.: “those are some of more unjust/ transgressing people.  It means that making up falsehood is a great sin and rejecting the truth especially if it is clearly so is a great sin.  It becomes especially so when it related to Allah.

 

The last sentence is often translated “they do not succeed”  I translated it as they do not lead to success because that the literal translation and also because it implies that the lack of success applies to them and whoever follows their path or direction.

 

Translation of the transliterated words:

 

Faman: so who

Athlamu: more unjust/ more transgressing

Note:  Note: ATHLAMU is derived from the root THA-L-M and it means darkness in the most concrete form. This word also takes the meaning of misplacing right from wrong and transgression or injustice since injustice is displacing right from wrong and a decision made in darkness. ATHLAMU means more unjust or more transgressing.

Mimmani: than who

Iftara: concocted/ made up

Note: the root is F-R-W and it means the fur of the animal or the scalp that is normally covered with hair. This word is used when people are concocting things and making things up that are not true. It could be related to the action of cutting the skin apart or making things up as in making a dress out of the skin and so forth. IFTARA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of concocting or making up untruths was made to happen by the subject (third person singular)

AAala: upon/ on

Allahi: Allah

Kathiban: Falsehood

Note:  KATHIB is derived from the root K-TH-B and it means a untrue.  Conceptually, it can be extended at times to mean a lie, although the core of the meaning is untruth, whether it is a lie or not, conscious or not.  KATHIBAN means untruth or falsehood.

Aw: or

Kaththaba: declared untrue

Note:  the root is K-TH-B and it means a untrue.  Conceptually, it can be extended at times to mean a lie, although the core of the meaning is untruth, whether it is a lie or not, conscious or not.  KATHTHABA is an action that is happening or will be happening.  It means: the action of making untruth is happening or will be happening by the subject.  The making of untruth can mean one of two things.  It means making a lie if followed by Ala and it means declaring something a lie if followed by the Bi.

Biayatihi: His signs

Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it.  In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action.  This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on.  In here it serves to make an object for a verb that generally has no object.  AYATIHI is derived from the root Hamza-Y-H and it means sign. AYATI means signs of and in the context of the Qur’an it points to the sentences and statements. HI means him.  

 

Innahu: indeed

La: not

Yuflihu: they succeed/ they lead to success

Note: YUFLIHU is derived from the root F-L-Ha and it means to plow the land. This is also considered as a cause for one to have the better harvest. YUFLIHU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. This verb means literally, make themselves cause better harvest. This, in turn means make themselves succeed but also open the door for others to succeed. 

Almujrimoona: : the guilty/ the criminal

Note: the root is J-R-M and in concrete it means: harvesting the dates from the tree or separating/severing the dates from the tree. Conceptually, this word then carries many other meaning including a transgression because the transgression/criminal act is a separation or severing of ties with what is appropriate. MUJRIMOONN are the ones who sever ties and those are the criminals and the guilty parties.

 

 Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein