9:112

Salaam all,

9:112
التَّائِبُونَ الْعَابِدُونَ الْحَامِدُونَ السَّائِحُونَ الرَّاكِعُونَ السَّاجِدونَ الآمِرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّاهُونَ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَالْحَافِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ اللّهِ وَبَشِّرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Alttaiboona alAAabidoona alhamidoona alssaihoona alrrakiAAoona alssajidoona alamiroona bialmaAAroofi waalnnahoona AAani almunkari waalhafithoona lihudoodi Allahi wabashshiri almumineena

The Aya says:
The rebonding, worshipping, praising, fasting/ travelling, bending, prostrating, enjoining good and advising against evil and the ones who preserve Allah’s boundaries. And, bring glad tidings to the faithful.

My personal note:
The Aya brings about the features of the faitful and describes them with the above terms. I translated TAIBOON as “rebonding”. This term is usually translated as repenting but is more rooted in return to the strong bond with Allah after it had been broken or weakened so I felt rebonding is a better explanation of the term.

The term ALSSAIHOON is translated as fasting and that is one of the meanings of the word in Arabic dictionaries. The term can also apply to travelling. The meaning can certainly encompass fasting as an act of worship and also travel when it is also an act of worship such as pilgrimage or to acquire knowledge that increases our bond with Allah.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Alttaiboona: the repentant/ the always returning
Note: the root is T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. ALTTAIBOONA means the repentant or the ones who always come back (To Allah)
alAAabidoona: the worshipping/ the humbled/
or servant. The road that is MUABBAD is the road that is well trodden and made easy to walk or drive on and so on. Conceptually, aAABD is an entity that is easy to manage and does smooth sailing either by it’s own or by being subject to pressure from above. It is used for slave or servant or anyone who is humbled for love or devotion or by the sheer power of the other entity. AlAAaBIDOON are the ones who worship or humbled of full of humility to Allah.
Alhamidoona: the praising
Note: the root is Ha-M-D and it means praise or thanks. According to the understanding of scholars an entity receives HAMD (praise) for her actions, words, or just attributes that are praiseworthy. ALHAMIDOONA are the ones who praise.
Alssaihoona: the travelers/ the fasting
Note: the root is S-Y-HA and it means the flowing water or liquid on the face of the earth. It is conceptually then used for travel and sometimes for fasting because if you are fasting as if you are travelling and not knowing when is your next meal. ALSSAIHOON in this context points to those who travel seeking knowledge or closeness and to those who fast.
alrrakiAAoona: the bending in prayer
Note: the root is R-K-Ain and it means to bend the back or to bow This meaning extends to the concrete and the abstract and both are correct and are binding unless there is a reason to limit the meaning to one. ALRRAKiAAooNA are the ones who bend in prayer.
Alssajidoona: the prostrating in prayer
Note: the root is S-J-D and in concrete it means in one concrete form: a tree that is tilting downward due to a heavy load of fruits. It therefore is used conceptually to mean tilting downward of the face or the body including prostration as well as showing any sign of submission to a higher power. The range of meaning all those meanings together and one needs to understand it as both unless there is a strong reason in the sentence or elsewhere in the Qur’an to make one meaning inappropriate or impossible. ALSSAJIDOONA are the ones who prostrate in prayer.

Alamiroona: the enjoiners
Note: the root is Hamza-M-R and it means ordering something and the implementation of it. ALAMIROONA in this context means are the ones who give orders or enjoin others to act.

bialmaAAroofi: by the goodness
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. ALMAROOFI is derived from the root Ain-R-F and it means the elevated place that will be known or recognized from a distance. MaAAROOF is what is recognized. This is also used to mean what is good or recognized as being good or appropriate

Waalnnahoona: and the forbidders/ and advising against
Note: WA here is for contrasting this with what preceded it. ALNNAHOONA is derived from the root N-H-Y and it means stopping or ending or desisting. This then takes different form according to the plane of thought of the sentence. ALNNAHOONA are the ones who make others stop short of/ forbid or block an action.
AAani: of/ away from
Almunkari: the bad/ the unrecognizable as good/ the objectionable
Note: ALMUNKARI is derived from the root N-K-R and it means no recognition. This is the concept and it takes several meanings according to the context. They can mean not recognized as unknown. It can also mean not recognized as being good or acceptable and so forth. This is what the context here dictates. MUNKAR is the unrecognized as being good or acceptable and I used objectionable.

Waalhafithoona: and the ones who preserve/ keep safe/ keep guarded
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALHAITHOONA is derived from the root
Lihudoodi: of boundaries of
Note: LI means to or of or for. HUDOODI is derived from the root Ha-D-D and it means limit and boundaries. HUDOODI are the set limits of/ the boundaries of. In a sense, what should not be breached.

Allahi: Allah
Wabashshiri: and give glad tidings/ and give good news
Note: WA here is to start a sentence or new statement. BASHSHIRI is derived from the root B-SH-R and it means the outer skin of people. This is also a sign of beauty and good news in the abstract. BASHSHIR is an order or request addressed to an individual and this individual is the prophet (pbuh). It means: give glad tidings
Almumineena: the faithful
Note: ALMUMINEENA is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. ALMUMINEENA means: those who make themselves safe.

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein