5:92

Salaam all,


WaateeAAoo Allaha waateeAAoo alrrasoola waihtharoo fain tawallaytum faiAAlamoo annama AAala rasoolina albalaghu almubeenu

The Aya says:
And obey Allah and obey the envoy/ the messenger and be cautious, so if you (plural) decided otherwise, then know that upon our envoy is nothing but the clear, clarifying effective delivery.

My personal note:
Some people may claim that this aya and others like that mean that the only job of the prophet (pbuh) was balagh and they define the term as meaning delivery, which to them means only recitation of the Qur’an and nothing else. I would certainly disagree with this statement for the term balagh means delivery to the destination and such a message cannot be delivered like a postman, but through elaboration at times and demonstration as well as enforcement at others in addition to delivering the actual words. This is further emphasized by the term mubeen which combines the meanings of being clear as well as clarifying at the same time.

Translation of the transliterated words:
waateeAAoo: and obey/ including obey/ willingly comply
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ATeeAAoo is derived from the root TTa-W-Ain and it means willing compliance or obeying willingly. ATeeAAoo is an order or a request that is addressing a group of people. It means: obey willingly or comply willingly, or just obey.
Allaha: Allah
waateeAAoo: and obey/ including obey/ willingly comply
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ATeeAAoo is derived from the root TTa-W-Ain and it means willing compliance or obeying willingly. ATeeAAoo is an order or a request that is addressing a group of people. It means: obey willingly or comply willingly, or just obey.
Alrrasoola: the messenger/ the envoy
Note: ALRRASOOLA is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. ALRRASOOLA means the envoy or the messenger.

Waihtharoo: and take caution/ and be conscious of potential danger
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. IHTHAROO is derived from the root Ha-TH-R and it means consciousness of danger or potential danger and action accordingly. Conceptually, it covers caution and precaution and so on as well as fear of danger. IHTHAROO is an order or a request to a group. It means: take caution or be conscious of potential danger.
Fain: so if
tawallaytum: you (plural) did otherwise/ decided not to/ followed their own direction instead/ followed another direction
Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship. TAWALLAYTUM is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of making oneself follow own direction with one’s own guarantee, happened by the subject (second person plural). This is used here to mean directing oneself away from what is offered and the guarantee that is offered. In this context, it carries the meaning of refusing to obey Allah and the prophet (pbuh).

faiAAlamoo: then know/ know for fact
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. iAALAMOO is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. iAALaMOO is an order or a request addressed to a group. It means: know or know for fact.
Annama: that (what comes next is the only option)
AAala: upon/ responsibility of
rasoolina: our messenger/ envoy
Note: RASOOLI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RASOOLI means envoy or messenger of. NA means us.
Albalaghu: effective delivery/
Note: the root is B-L-GHain and it means in concrete a child that became adult and therefore reached maturity. conceptually, it is used for language that is mature and clear as well as for anything that reached it’s intended design. ALBALAGH is the effective delivery and complete delivery which is not only done through delivery of words but through all the needed means for effective delivery including acting upon the words.
Almubeenu: the making clear/ clarifying/ clear and clarifying
Note: the root is B-Y-N and it means in concrete between. The action of the verb is betweening. This betweening can mean clarifying because one can know better the difference between two things. It also can mean distancing because the betweening makes things become apart. MUBEEN is the one that makes between in a conceptual sense. In this context, Albalagh alMUBEEN carries the meaning of the effective clear and clarifying delivery (of the message).

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:91

Salaam all


Innama yureedu alshshaytanu an yooqiAAa baynakumu alAAadawata waalbaghdaa fee alkhamri waalmaysiri wayasuddakum AAan thikri Allahi waAAani alssalati fahal antum muntahoona

The aya says:
Satan seeks nothing but effect between you (plural) the animosity and hatred in the intoxicant and gambling and to block/ divert you from mentioning and remembering Allah, including the ritual prayer. So are you then desisting?! (From those two issues)

My personal note:
This Aya presents an important aspect that plays in the working and understanding of a scholar. It is the issue that the ruling is linked to the reasoning behind it. The general understanding of Muslim scholars is that every ruling has a reason or reasons which can be shared with us as above or kept in God’s wisdom as in prohibition of Pork and so on.

The linking to reasoning here helps the scholars explain the prohibition but it also helps them derive other rulings. So, in here the reasons behind prohibiting the two activities are several and those are:
1- They can be cause for conflict.

2- They block us or divert us from remembering and mentioning Allah including keep us away from prayer, either through drunkenness or through keeping us away from it because we are taken by the activity so that the time of prayer has passed.

So, one can conclude that any activity that can sow conflict without redeeming other qualities in it can be considered either strongly discouraged or even prohibited. Also, any condition that will make a person miss his prayer will then be considered either strongly discouraged or prohibited provided that he or she has alternatives to do.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Innama: (what comes next) is nothing but
Yureedu: He seeks/ wants
Note: the root is R-W-D and it means in concrete the person that goes ahead of the people looking for resources. Therefore, the word has within it the meanings of pioneering, seeking and desiring. YUREEDU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of seeking or wanting is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).

Alshshaytanu: Satan/ the one that is displaced from God’s mercy and works on displacing others.

Note: the root is SH-Ta-N and it means in one of the concrete meanings the long rope and in another the long rope at the well that one uses to get the bucket out of the water. The term is used to mean far and away (in all the planes of thought) as the long rope and it is also used for displacement or pulling away, as a parallel to the rope that pulls the bucked out of the water. ALSHAITAN is the one who is far or away (from God’s mercy) and who works at pulling others away through his long “rope”. It is the word used from Satan.
An: that/ to
yooqiAAa: he makes fall/ he effects/ drops
Note: the root is W-Qaf-Ain and it means one entity falling on another, mainly things falling on the ground and causing a sound or effect. It is often used for the raining hitting the ground. Conceptually, it is used for falling and also for taking effect or making an effect on another entity. YOOQiAAa is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of effecting or causing falling is happening by the subject (Third person singular pointing to Satan) to an object (coming up).
Baynakumu: between you (plural)
alAAadawata: the animosity/ the aggression
Note: the root is Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. ALAAaDAWATA means the animosity or aggression.

Waalbaghdaa: and the hatred/ including the hatred/ugliness.

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. Albaghdaa is derived from the root B-Ghayn-Dhad and it means ugliness in all it’s forms and is used to mean hatred since hatred is ugly. ALBAGHDAa mean the hatred or the ugliness.
Fee: in
alkhamri : wine/ the intoxicant/ the brain-clouder
Note: the root is KH-M-R and the concrete applies to any cover that intimately covers the entity. This word is used for wine and any intoxicant because they intimately cover the brain and mix it up . ALKHAMR is therefore the wine, and anything that clouds the brain.

waalmaysiri: and the gambling

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALMAYSIRI is derived from the root Y-S-R and it means ease or easy. ALMAYSIR is the place or time of ease in a literal sense. In this case, it is used to mean gambling because it is a time of ease and it is easy money that one does not work for.
Wayasuddakum: and block you (plural)/ and divert you
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. YASUDDA is derived from the root Sad-D-D and it means in concrete when the clapping of the hands or the expression of puss when the skin is squeezed opposite itself. Therefore, the concept carries the meaning of something opposite something or something blocking something or tightening on something as in squeezing it and making it difficult to proceed or forcing it to go another path. YASUDDA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of blocking and tightening the object (KUM= plural you) from another object (Aan thikr Allah= from mentioning and remembering Allah) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Satan).
AAan: about/ away from
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from and so on.
Thikri: mentioning and remembering of
Note: the root is TH-K-R and it means mention and remember, at the same time. The concrete word is something running on the tongue as if speaking it. Another concrete word is male or the male organ. The relationship between the two is not very clear and they can be different words that share the sound but have different root. It could be that the male is considered the active organ and that memory is an active process, but that is only a theory. THIKRI means mentioning and remembering of.
Allahi: Allah
waAAani: including from/ and from
Alssalati: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Fahal antum: therefore are you (plural)
Muntahoona: making your-selves desist. Cease
Note: the root is N-H-Y and it means stopping or ending or desisting. This then takes different form according to the plane of thought of the sentence. MUNTAHOON are people who make themselves cease or desist from an activity and the activities here are intoxicants and gambling.


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:90

Salaam all,


Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo innama alkhamru waalmaysiru waalansabu waalazlamu rijsun min AAamali alshshaytani faijtaniboohu laAAallakum tuflihoona

The Aya says:
O you who made themselves safe (in Allah) the intoxicant, the gambling, the idols and the decision purely upon chance are nothing but dirtiness/ harm from the work of Satan therefore avoid him, perhaps you make success happen (to you and others).

My personal note:
The Aya contains repeats the principle that god prohibits what is bad for us. KHAMR as a word covers all that covers or clouds our brains whether it is drink, or otherwise.

The banning of gambling covers some components here:
1- It is an activity that is not productive and not involving exchange of one thing for another.

2- The winner takes all. While the loser is left with nothing

3- Unpredictability or poor predictability.

Those components are very important to take into consideration because through the hadeeth one also finds a very skeptical view of highly speculative or poorly predictable transactions. They are generally looked at with suspicion unless there is some sort of protection of all involved in this transaction in the form of sharing the gain and sharing the loss.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Ya ayyuha allatheena: O those who
Note: the three words used here are callings.
Amanoo: made themselves safe
Note: the root is Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. AMANOO is an action that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the same entity here) become safe happened by the subject (third person plural). So, it ends up meaning: they made themselves safe.

Innama: (what comes next) is nothing but
Alkhamru: wine/ the intoxicant/ the brain-clouder
Note: the root is KH-M-R and the concrete applies to any cover that intimately covers the entity. This word is used for wine and any intoxicant because they intimately cover the brain and mix it up . ALKHAMR is therefore the wine, and anything that clouds the brain.

waalmaysiru: and the gambling

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALMAYSIRU is derived from the root Y-S-R and it means ease or easy. ALMAYSIR is the place or time of ease in a literal sense. In this case, it is used to mean gambling because it is a time of ease and it is easy money that one does not work for.

Waalansabu: and the idols
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALANSAB is derived from the root N-Sad-B and it means something elevated that it can be seen. It then can take many other meanings as in pursuit of something elevated, admired, desired or worshipped. Here, it is pointing to the idols that people may worship or anything that can become idolized other than Allah.

Waalazlamu: and the chance/ and deciding upon chance.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ALAZLAM is derived from the root Z-L-M and it means the sticks of wood that are used to ignite a fire through friction. Therefore they are eroded on the edges from the constant friction and so on. The Arabs used those sticks to decide chances between them so one picks the stick and if he picked the shorter one he will get the short end of the stick, so to speak. This is the conceptual meaning and is then used for anything that decides on chance and not on study. ALAZLAM therefore here means the chance. The context here is against deciding purely by chance.
Rijsun: harm/ dirtiness
Note: the root is R-J-S and it is anything that is dirty and contains harm. Conceptually, it is then used for sinful acts, harmful acts or any form of painful punishment and so on. RIJSUN means harm or dirtiness and that points to the action that produced them and the product of doing them.

Min: from
AAamali: work of
Note: the root is Ain-M-L and it means work. AAaMALI means work of.
Alshshaytani: Satan/ the one that is displaced from God’s mercy and works on displacing others.
Note: the root is SH-Ta-N and it means in one of the concrete meanings the long rope and in another the long rope at the well that one uses to get the bucket out of the water. The term is used to mean far and away (in all the planes of thought) as the long rope and it is also used for displacement or pulling away, as a parallel to the rope that pulls the bucked out of the water. ALSHAITAN is the one who is far or away (from God’s mercy) and who works at pulling others away through his long “rope”. It is the word used from Satan.

Faijtaniboohu: so avoid him
Note: FA means therefore or so or then. IJTANIBOOHU is derived from the root J-N-B and it means side of an entity. This word then takes many meanings according to the context, including setting aside, as in avoiding or rejecting as well as being close as in being beside an entity. In this context, it suggests avoidance. IJTANIBOO is an order or a demand addressed to a group. It means avoid. HU means him and it points to each entity that was mentioned earlier.
laAAallakum: perhaps
tuflihoona: succeed/ cause success
Note: the root is F-L-Ha and it means to plow the land. This is also considered as a cause for one to have the better harvest. TUFLIHOON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. This verb means literally, make yourselves cause better harvest. This, in turn means make yourselves succeed but also open the door for others to succeed.

Salaam all and have a great day

hussein

5:89

Salaam all,


La yuakhithukumu Allahu biallaghwi fee aymanikum walakin yuakhithukum bima AAaqqadtumu alaymana fakaffaratuhu itAAamu AAasharati masakeena min awsati ma tutAAimoona ahleekum aw kiswatuhum aw tahreeru raqabatin faman lam yajid fasiyamu thalathati ayyamin thalika kaffaratu aymanikum itha halaftum waihfathoo aymanakum kathalika yubayyinu Allahu lakum ayatihi laAAallakum tashkuroona

The Aya says:
Allah will not hold you (plural) accountable by the uncountable in your oaths, but instead will hold you accountable by what you knotted of the oaths. Then his atonement is feeding ten poor people from the middle of what you feed your family, or clothing them or freeing a captive. So, if he did not find then fasting three days. That is atonement of your oaths if/when you swore one and preserve your oaths, as such Allah makes His signs clear for you perhaps you will thank.

My personal note:
This Aya brings about several subjects for discussion.
1- What is the LAGHAW which I translated as not counted. Linguistically, this is what the word means. The application of this term may cover any language used by the person which can be considered an oath when the intention of the person was not to make an oath. It also can actually cover a person who swears about something believing that it is true when it is not but he or she is not aware of the error.

2- The atonement that is offered here does not mean that a person can break any oath. The end of the Aya suggests that a person should preserve his oath rather than break it. However, there can be situations where it is better to break the oath and offer the atonement than to carry it on. There are two situations that come to mind and there are probably more than that where the situation applies:

A) If the person made an oath to do something, but discovered something better to do. Then making the atonement and doing the better would be an option.

B) If carrying the oath can lead to more harm than good, for example making an oath to divorce his wife if so and so happened, then it is better to break the oath and keep the wife and also make the atonement.

3- The Muslim scholars understood from early on that there is no atonement for a person who swears false testimony while knowing that it was false testimony. This is considered a major sin for which there is no atonement. It basically leaves the matter between the person and God for the Day of Judgment or the law in case it was discovered during his or her lifetime. This is much worse than offering an atonement because the atonement removes the accountability while he or she remains accountable unless God decided to forgive them because of repentance or otherwise and they will not know until they meet Him.

4- The last term is “perhaps they thank”. In essence, the essence of worshiping good is really thanking Him for all the good that He did to us humans and we thank Him in our hearts, tongues and deeds.

Translation of the transliterated words:

La: Not
Yuakhithukumu: will HE take you for what you took him/Will HE hold you accountable
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. YUAKHITHU is the third person singular present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb suggests an interactive form and means HE becomes taking opposite taking. KUMU is the plural you. So, YUAKHITHUKUMU means HE becomes taking you for what you took him in a literal fashion and that means HE holds you accountable.
Allahu: ALLAH/GOD
Biallaghwi: by the not counted/ in the not counted
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. ALLAGHWI is derived from the root L-GHain-W and it means not counting or not counted . This is conceptually used for worthless talk or talk that was cancelled and therefore it does not count anymore. The count is in all planes of speech whether real count or quality count and so forth. ALLAGHWI means the not counted or the not countable.
Fee: in
Aymanikum: your oaths
Note: AYMANIKUM is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right hand or right side. AYMANI are the plural for right hand or right side. This is the concrete and the abstract means oaths because people raise their right hands to make an oath. So, AYMANI are oaths of. KUM is plural you
Walakin: but

Yuakhithukum: will HE take you for what you took him/Will HE hold you accountable
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. YUAKHITHU is the third person singular present or future tense of a verb that is derived from the root. This verb suggests an interactive form and means HE becomes taking opposite taking. KUMU is the plural you. So, YUAKHITHUKUMU means HE becomes taking you for what you took him in a literal fashion and that means HE holds you accountable
Bima: by what/ with what/ in what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what
AAaqqadtumu: you (plural) knotted/ you (plural) truly committed
Note: the root is Ain-Qaf-D and it means the tying of the knot in the concrete. Conceptually, it means the finishing of the process or the putting of something into effect and it also can mean making and fulfilling a contract. AAaQQADTUM is an action that is being completed. It means: the action of completing the knot happened by the subject (second person plural). Completing the knot then is conceptually meant to committing to the oath and so on.
Alaymana: The oaths
Note: ALAYMANA is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right hand or right side. ALAYMANA are the plural for right hand or right side. This is the concrete and the abstract means oaths because people raise their right hands to make an oath. So, ALAYMANA are the oaths.

Fakaffaratuhu: then it’s atonement
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. KAFFARATUHU is derived from the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFFARATU means the action that makes the bad deed buried and null and void, and it is used for atonement. HU means him and points to the oath that needs to voided or atoned

itAAamu: feeding/ making eat
Note: the root is TTa-Ain-M and it means anything that is eaten or put in the mouth. ITAAaMU means feeding or making an object eat.


AAasharati: ten
Masakeena: very poor/ resource-less
Note: MASAKEEN the root is S-K-N and it means Ashes which is the product of the end of the fire. The conceptual meaning has many forms and it means rest or lack of movement, but it also means the lack of energy or running out of energy. MASAKEEN are the persons that do not have energy or ability to maneuver. This is used for the poor who have no ability to move out of that situation.


Min: from/ of
Awsati: more middle of/ better of
Note: the root is W-S-TTa and it means between the two edges, therefore the non extreme. This, in an abstract form is considered to the best position since it is away from extremes and also as a piece of land the most protected most productive and so on. AWSATI means the most non extreme or more middle of.

Ma: what
tutAAimoona: feed
Note: the root is TTa-Ain-M and it means anything that is eaten or put in the mouth. TUTAAiMOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of feeding or making the object (Ahleekum=your people/ families) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural)

Ahleekum: your people/ your families
Note: the root is Hamza-H-L and one concrete meaning of the word is the fat that surrounds the back of the animal. It is used conceptually to mean family or any of the people that are closely associated with the entity being discussed. This could be because they are like the fat as in they engulf and protect and so forth and gain protection at the same time. AHLEE means people of or family of. KUM is plural you.
Aw: or
Kiswatuhum: clothing them

Aw: or
Tahreeru: freeing
Note: the root is Ha-R-R and it means heating/energy. This is the concrete meaning. Conceptually it is also used for freedom where the heat is coming of itself and so on. TAHREERU in this context means freeing.

Raqabatin: a neck/ a captive/a slave/ a person not in control of his or her destiny
Note: the root is R-Qaf-B and it means neck for the concrete. The abstract is used to mean surveillance because the neck is an organ of surveillance. It is also used to mean control because the neck is an organ when controlled, the whole body follows. In this context RAQABATIN=Neck carries the concept of someone not in control of his or her destiny, including a slave, a prisoner of war and many others.

Faman: so who
Lam: not
Yajid; finds
Note: the root is W-J-D and it means in one concrete meaning the water that has accumulated in the desert. This is then used to mean a find that is really important. YAJID is an action that is derived from the root that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of finding is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
Fasiyamu: then fasting/ abstaining
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. SIYAMU is derived from the root Sad-Y-M and it means abstinence or abstaining. This includes any form of abstaining including food, drink, speech and so forth. The word is used to mean fasting during the month of Ramadan but this should include other forms of abstaining to maintain the spirituality of the person. SIYAMU is the abstaining practice or the abstinence and that includes the fasting.
Thalathati: three
Ayyamin: days
Note: the root is Y-W-M and it means day. AYYAM means days.
Thalika: that
kaffaratu: : atonement of
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFFARATU means the action that makes the bad deed buried and null and void, and it is used for atonement of.

aymanikum: your oaths
Note: AYMANIKUM is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right hand or right side. AYMANI are the plural for right hand or right side. This is the concrete and the abstract means oaths because people raise their right hands to make an oath. So, AYMANI are oaths of. KUM is plural you
Itha: if and when
Halaftum: swore an oath
Note: the root is HA-L-F and it means swearing an oath. HALAFTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of swearing an oath happened by the subject (second person plural)

Waihfathoo: And safe keep/ and preserve/ protect/ maintain
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. IHFATHOO is derived from the root Ha-F-THa and it means preservation and protection, and within that concept, also maintenance and upkeep. In one word, the concept of safe keeping comes to mind. This concept of safe keeping will then depend on the context to understand it’s specific meaning in the sentence. IHFATHOO is an order or a request addressing a group. it means: safe keeper or preserve/ protect/ maintain.

aymanakum: your oaths
Note: AYMANAKUM is derived from the root Y-M-N and it means right hand or right side. AYMANI are the plural for right hand or right side. This is the concrete and the abstract means oaths because people raise their right hands to make an oath. So, AYMANA are oaths of. KUM is plural you
Kathalika: like that/ such
Yubayyinu: He makes clear/ He clarifies
Note: YUBAYYINU is derived the root B-Y-N and it means between. This word then assumes many meanings as separation and distancing between two or more things. It also carries the meaning of clarification between two things. Here, it adopts the meaning of clarification. YUBAYYINU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making clear or clarify is happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to the messenger/envoy).
Allahu: Allah
Lakum: to you (plural)/ for you (plural)
Ayatihi: His signs
Note: AYAT is derived from the root Hamza-Y-H and it means sign. AYATI means signs of. HI means Him and it points to Allah

laAAallakum: perhaps you (plural)
tashkuroona: thank/ act in thanks/ act thankfully
Note: the root is SH-K-R and it means thanking and it is generally understood as thanking in words or deeds. TASHKUROON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of thanking the object (not mentioned but points to Allah) in words or deeds or in the heart is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:88

Salaam all,


Wakuloo mimma razaqakumu Allahu halalan tayyiban waittaqoo Allaha allathee antum bihi muminoona

The Aya says:
And eat from what Allah provided you (plural) permitted, good, and act consciously of Allah in/by whom you make yourselves safe.

My personal note:
The term Eating applies in it’s narrow scope to the food that Allah declared good and it also applies in it’s larger scope to anything we gain that helps us eat and therefore to any function that makes us earn our living.

The Aya contains the notion that what Allah permitted or enjoined is good and with it the notion that what Allah prohibited is not good or not good for us as humans. There is a known theological discussion amongst Muslims scholars about whether prohibited things are bad of themselves for us and that is why they are prohibited, or the prohibition makes them bad without them being bad for us. I subscribe to the school of thought that says Allah prohibits to us Muslims what is bad for us.

The end of the Aya seems to support my notion in the fact that Iman entails within it the trust and the safety that Allah orders us to do what is good for us and prohibits us from doing what is bad for us.

The term BIHI can be understood as in Him or by Him. In this Aya both meanings apply. This is because we have safety in Allah and we cannot attain safety except by Allah.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Wakuloo: and eat
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. . KULOO is derived from the root Hamza-K-L and it means eating. This will then take different meanings depending on the different planes of thought that a person has. KULOO is an order or request addressed to a group. It means: Eat.

Mimma: from what/ of what
Razaqakumu: He provided you (plural)
Note: RAZAQAKUM is derived from the root R-Z-Qaf and it means provision and conceptually, it covers any form of providing especially for needs. RAZAQA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of providing the object (kum=plural you) happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah)
Allahu: Allah

Halalan: permitted/ enjoined
Note: the root is Ha-L-L and it means settling. Conceptually, this settling can be in time or place of quality as in settling or solving a problem, a knot and it can extend to acceptable or enjoined words or deeds. This sentence gives the context of acceptable or enjoined or allowed. HALALAN means permitted or enjoined.

Tayyiban: good
Note: the root is Ta-Y-B and it means good and leads to goodness. The term is used for anything that is good and leads to good results. TAYYIBAN is the good who does good or just the entity that causes good.
Waittaqoo: and act consciously of
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better ITTAQOO is derived from the root W-Qaf-W and it means guarding or protecting. Since the best way to guard is through consciousness and action according to consciousness. ITTAQOO is a demand addressing a group of people. It means: make yourselves act consciously of.
Allaha: Allah
Allathee: who
Antum: you (plural)
Bihi: by Him/ in Him
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. HI means him and it points to Allah.

Muminoona: ones who make themselves safe
Note: MUMINOONA is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. ALMUMINOONA means: those who make themselves safe.


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:87

Salaam all,


Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo la tuharrimoo tayyibati ma ahalla Allahu lakum wala taAAtadoo inna Allaha la yuhibbu almuAAtadeena

The Aya says:
O you who made themselves safe, do not forbid the good of what Allah made permitted/ enjoined for you, including do not overstep boundaries. Indeed, Allah does not love the ones who overstep boundaries.

My personal note:
This Aya starts a new or new subject. It carries with it a very important rule and that is to not make forbidden what was allowed. This rule applies to this day, although sometimes one can sense that some lay Muslims and occasionally some Muslim scholars are quick to declare several things forbidden when they were not expressly forbidden in the Qur’an or the Sunna of the prophet (pbuh).

The term AHALLA can be understood in two potential ways. It can be understood as permitted and it can be understood as enjoined. Certainly what is enjoined is encompassed within what is generally permitted. So, the rule certainly forbids making what is enjoined forbidden. This is also an important rule and that is if a prohibition is met with an order that is enjoined then the enjoined order will beat the prohibition. For example Muslims are forbidden to pray at the rising of the sun or the setting of the sun, but if a person had not yet prayed his Asr (afternoon) prayer or dawn prayer then he or she will need to pray it despite that prohibition.

When it comes to things that are permitted then there is nuance and that is why sometimes one can hear this or that action is prohibited when it was not prohibited by the Qur’an or by the prophet. Also that is why the Aya says "Do not forbid the good of what Allah permitted". The general rule here is to be skeptical of such prohibition unless the action leads inevitably to a truly prohibited action or makes it more likely to commit a prohibited action. Here the prohibition falls under the rule of avoiding prelude to forbidden actions.

The Aya ends with WALA taAATADOO which I translated as do not overstep boundaries. The term is often translated as aggression or transgression. I chose overstepping boundaries because it encompasses the issue of aggression but also because the context here is not to overstep boundaries by declaring things that Allah permitted or enjoined forbidding. Also, at the same time not to make things that are not enjoined, enjoined. Those two issues may not be looked at as aggression or transgression but they both certainly fall under the coverage of the meaning of LA TaAATADOO because they are overstepping of boundaries.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Ya ayyuha allatheena: O those who
Note: the three words used here are callings.
Amanoo: made themselves safe
Note: the root is Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. AMANOO is an action that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the same entity here) become safe happened by the subject (third person plural). So, it ends up meaning: they made themselves safe.

la tuharrimoo: do not make forbidden to violate/do not forbid
Note: LA is a negation of what is coming next or an order not to do the following action. TUHARRIMOO is derived from the root Ha-R-M and it means “forbidding and forbidden to violate”. TUHARRIMOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (TAYYIBATI= good things of) forbidden is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural). LA TUHARRIMOO is then an order not to forbid.

tayyibati: good things of
Note: the root is TTa-Y-B and it means good according the plane of thought. Conceptually, it is used for any good entity or any entity that is good in it’s nature and effect. Religiously speaking, this suggests that things that are allowed by the religion are good for us, while things that are forbidden are not good for us. TAYYIBATI means: good things of.
Ma: what
Ahalla: he made permitted/ He made enjoined
Note: AHALLA is derived from the root Ha-L-L and it means settling. Conceptually, this settling can be in the sought after time or place as in settling the problem or solving a problem, untying a knot and it can extend to acceptable or enjoined words or deeds. This sentence gives the context of acceptable or enjoined or allowed. AHALLA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (Tayyibatin= good things) permitted or enjoined happened by an the subject (Allah, coming up).

Allahu: Allah
Lakum: to you/ for you (plural)
wala taAAtadoo: and do not aggress/ and do not overstep boundaries/ do not transgress
Note: WALA is an order to not do the following action in addition to not doing what was mentioned previously. TaAATADOO is derived from the root Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. TaAATADOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of overstepping boundaries or transgressing is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural) with some emphasis. WALA TaAATADOO is an order not to be aggressor or not to overstep boundaries and not to transgress.

Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
la yuhibbu: loves not/ does not love.
Note: LA is negation of what comes next. YUHIBBU is derived from the root Ha-B-B and it means in concrete seed. This word also means love. As if the seed is the product of love or the love will end up in a seed. YUHIBBU is an action that is derived from the root and that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of loving is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah) of the object (ALMuAATADEEN= the aggressors/ transgressors)

almuAAtadeena: the aggressors/ the transgressor
Note: the root is Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. ALMuAATADEEN are the aggressors or the transgressors or the ones who overstep boundaries.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:86

Salaam all,


Waallatheena kafaroo wakaththaboo biayatina olaika ashabu aljaheemi

The Aya says:
While those who rejected including declared our signs untrue, those are companions of Hell.

My personal note:
This is to contrast the ones who accepted the message in the previous Aya with the ones who rejected it.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waallatheena: and those who/ while those who
Kafaroo: rejected / discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (BIAYATINA= in our signs, coming up) happened by the subject (third person plural).

Wakaththaboo: and declared untrue
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KATHTHABOO is derived from the root K-TH-B and it means a untrue. Conceptually, it can be extended at times to mean a lie, although the core of the meaning is untruth, whether it is a lie or not, conscious or not. KATHTHABOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making an object (biayatina= in our signs) untrue happened by the subject (third person plural). In this context, “making the sign untrue” means actually declaring it untrue or denying truthfulness .

Biayatina: in our signs
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. AYAT is derived from the root Hamza-Y-H and it means sign. AYATI means signs of. NA means us.
Olaika: those
Ashabu: companions of
Note: The root is Sad-Ha-B and it means companion or companionship. ASHABU are companions of.

Aljaheemi: The intense fire/Hell
Note: the root is J-Ha-M and it means to burn intensely. ALJAHIM is the intensely burning fire.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:85

Salaam all,


Faathabahumu Allahu bima qaloo jannatin tajree min tahtiha alanharu khalideena feeha wathalika jazao almuhsineena

The Aya says:
So Allah consistently rewarded them, by what they said, (with) gardens under which rivers flow. They are staying in it and that is the deserved compensation of the ones who do goodness.

My personal note:
Athab means literally to consistently bring back and in this context it points to bringing them back to Heaven and the gardens that Allah preserved for His sincere worshippers. I translated it as reward but it can also be translated as bringing back because we started there when Adam was created.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Faathabahumu: therefore He rewarded them/ consistently rewarded them/ returned them
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. ATHABAHUM is derived from the root TH-W-B and it means to come and return (to fill and refill of goodness). Concrete words are MATHAB which is the well or pool that fills and refills with water and where people go and return for watering. Another concrete word is THAWB and it means dress because we fill it and refill it with our bodies. ATHABA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of consistently making the object (hum= them) receive pay back and here it suggests reward happened by the subject (Third person singular).
Allahu: Allah
Bima: by what/ with what/ in what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what
Qaloo: they said/ communicated
Note: QALOO is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person plural). This, in turn means: they said or they happened to say or communicate.

Jannatin: gardens/ paradises
Note: JANNATIN is derived from the root J-N-N and it means hidden or hiding. It is therefore used to mean darkness because it hides as well as garden because gardens can be hidden or because it has less light than the place out in the sun for the Arabs of the desert. JANNATIN means: gardens/ Hidden entities.
Tajree: She flows/ they flow
Note: the root is J-R-Y and it means flowing as in the flowing of the river or any movement that is smooth and relatively fast. TAJREE is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of flowing is happening or will be happening by the subject (ANHARU=rivers and is coming up).

Min: from
Tahtiha: under her/underneath her
Note: the root is T-Ha-T and it means under. TAHTI means under of. HA means her and it points to the garden.
Alanharu: the rivers/the running water
Note: The root is N-H-R and one of the concrete meanings of the word is running water or river. It is then used to mean running or glowing in many other meanings and contexts according to the nature of what is talked about. ALANHARU are the rivers or the running waters.

Khalideena: Staying unchanged
Note: the root is KH-L-D and it means something that stays the same. In concrete, it is used for the rocks and the mountains that seem to be unchanged through the ages. KHALIDEENA means staying unchanged.
Feeha: in her
Wathalika: and that
Jazao: deserved compensation of/ payback of
Note: JAZAO is derived from the root J-Z Y and it means compensation for action that can be good or bad. JAZAO is compensation of.
Almuhsineena: the ones causing goodness/ beauty
Note: the root is Ha-S-N and it means beauty and goodness in all the aspects of beauty and goodness. MUHSINEEN are the ones who cause or make goodness or beauty.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:84

Salaam all,


Wama lana la numinu biAllahi wama jaana mina alhaqqi wanatmaAAu an yudkhilana rabbuna maAAa alqawmi alssaliheena

The Aya says:
And why would we not make ourselves safe in Allah and what came to us of the truth?! And we hope that Our Nurturing Lord will enter us amongst the righteous people.

My personal note:
The Aya continues the statement by those believers as they say that there is really nothing to stop them from being safe in Allah and the truth that came to them through His prophets.

As if they are saying that if a person is a true seeker of the truth and not hindered by bias or false pride and is able to understand the message that came to him/her from God then there is no credible reason not to become safe in Allah and in that message that came from Him.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Wama: and what?!
Lana: to us
la numinu: Not make ourselves safe/ trust
Note: La is for negation of what comes next. NUMIN is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. NUMINU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making oneself safe is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person plural). The whole construct of “WAMA LANA LA NUMINU” takes the meaning of: Why would we not make ourselves safe?!
biAllahi: : in Allah
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If is the object of the action then it makes it stronger. In here the action is making become safe. ALLAH is Allah.

Wama: and what/ including what
Jaana: came to us
Note: the root is J-Y-Hamza and it means coming. One concrete word that is derived from this word is the pool where the rain water comes. JAA is an action that is completed and that is derived from the root. It means that the action of coming happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to min basheerun= of carrier of glad tidings) to the object (NA=us)
Mina: of / from
Alhaqqi: the binding truth/ the binding right/ the truth
Note: ALHAQQI is derived from the root Ha-Qaf-Qaf and it means binding right where right means correct as well s what is due to one person (rights and obligations). ALHAQQ is binding right or binding truth or just right as the context suggests here.

wanatmaAAu: and we look forward to/ and we hope for gain/ we hope
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. NATMaAAu is derived from the root TTA-M-Ain and it means: hope for gain or looking forward to some gain/ benefit and so on. NATMaAAu is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: We look forward to/ we hope for gain. The gain is coming up.
An: that
Yudkhilana: He makes us enter
Note: the root is D-KH-L and it means entering. YUDKHILANA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (NA=US) enter is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to RABBUNA=our lord).

rabbuna: Our nurturing Lord
Note: the root is R-B-B and it means nurturing and Lordship as two components of the meaning that can be present together or one at a time according to the context of the sentence. RABBU is nurturing Lord of. NA means us.
maAAa: with/ amongst
Alqawmi: the people/ group
Note: the root is Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. ALQAWM are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together. Here. It points to the particular group that wants to get away from their obligation to fight.

Alssaliheena: the righteous / of the good deeds
Note: ALSSALIHEEN is derived from the root Sad-L-Ha and it means becoming helpful or useful in a good direction. This means mainly: becoming one of benefit as in benefiting oneself and others. Included in this meaning is becoming fixed after having been broken. ALSSALIHEEN then here the people of righteousness/ good deeds and deeds of benefit.


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein