5:119

Salaam all,



Qala Allahu hatha yawmu yanfaAAu alssadiqeena sidquhum lahum jannatun tajree min tahtiha alanharu khalideena feeha abadan radiya Allahu AAanhum waradoo AAanhu thalika alfawzu alAAatheemu

The Aya says:
Allah said: this day when the truthful will benefit from their truthfulness. To them belong gardens, rivers running underneath, staying in them forever. Allah lovingly accepted them and they lovingly accepted Him. That is the great success.

My personal note:
In here, the emphasis is on truthfulness. That is the criteria for success in front of Allah. It is important to mention that truthfulness and honesty can be very difficult to achieve especially when there strong barriers against them as strong desires, biases, pride and so forth.

Perhaps this is related to why some or most muslim scholars prefer the person who commits the sin and accepts that he sinned over the person who commits the sin but insists that he has not sinned despite strong evidence shown to him or her. Perhaps the first is more honest with oneself over the other unless the other was truly genuinely mistaken in his judgement. Here, Allah knows what is in the hearts and therefore Allah knows the truly honest and mistaken from the untruthful to oneself and to God.

The Aya is a call for us to be honest with ourselves as well as with God at the deepest levels.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Qala: He said/ communicated
Note: QALA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah). This, in turn means: He said or responded or communicated.

Allahu: Allah
Hatha: this
yawmu: day of
Note: YAWMU is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. YAWMU means the day of.

yanfaAAu: he benefits
Note: the root is N-F-Ain and it means to benefit for the verb and benefit for the noun. YANFaAAu is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of benefitting is happening or will be happening by the subject (SIDQUHUM= their truthfulness) to the subject (ALSADIQEEN= the truthful).
Alssadiqeena: the truthful ones/ the truthful
Note: the root is Sad-D-Qaf and it means truth in word or deed. When it is in deed, it takes the shape of charity as the act of ofthe ones who receive it. ALSSADIQEENA are the truthful people.

Sidquhum: their truthfulness
Note: the root is Sad-D-Qaf and it means truth in word or deed. When it is in deed, it takes the shape of charity as the act of ofthe ones who receive it. SIDQU means truthfulness of. HUM means them.
Lahum: to them belong(s)
jannatun : gardens/ paradises
Note: JANNATUN is derived from the root J-N-N and it means hidden or hiding. It is therefore used to mean darkness because it hides as well as garden because gardens can be hidden or because it has less light than the place out in the sun for the Arabs of the desert. JANNATUN means: gardens/ Hidden entities.

Tajree: She flows/ they flow
Note: the root is J-R-Y and it means flowing as in the flowing of the river or any movement that is smooth and relatively fast. TAJREE is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of flowing is happening or will be happening by the subject (ANHARU=rivers and is coming up).
Min: from
Tahtiha: under her/underneath her
Note: the root is T-Ha-T and it means under. TAHTI means under of. HA means her and it points to the garden.

Alanharu: the rivers/the running water
Note: The root is N-H-R and one of the concrete meanings of the word is running water or river. It is then used to mean running or glowing in many other meanings and contexts according to the nature of what is talked about. ALANHARU are the rivers or the running waters.
Khalideena: Staying unchanged
Note: the root is KH-L-D and it means something that stays the same. In concrete, it is used for the rocks and the mountains that seem to be unchanged through the ages. KHALIDEENA means staying unchanged.
Feeha: in her
Abadan: forever/ever
Note: the root is Hamza-B-D and it means Ever and a very long time. ABADAN means Ever or forever. The concrete word for ABD means wild or wild beast and the relationship is that in the desert where the houses are tents, the wilderness is the thing that lasts forever, or so it seemed to the Arabs.

Radiya: He lovingly accepted/ lovingly approved
Note: the root is R-Dhad-Y and it means loving acceptance, or agreeing and loving at the same time or mainly approval since approval has the meaning of acceptance in a deeper sense. RADIYA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of loving acceptance or approval of the object (Aaanhum= about them) happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to God).
Allahu: Allah
Aaanhum: about them/ of them
Waradoo: and they lovingly accepted/ lovingly approved
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. RADOO is derived from the root R-Dhad-Y and it means loving acceptance, or agreeing and loving at the same time or mainly approval since approval has the meaning of acceptance in a deeper sense. RADOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of loving acceptance or approval of the object (Aaanhu= about Him/ of Him) happened by the subject (third person plural).

Aaanhu: about Him/ of Him (Allah)
Thalika: that
Alfawzu: the win/ the gain/ the success
Note: the root is F-W-Z and it means winning in a good fashion. ALFAWZU means the gain or the win.
alAAatheemu: the great
Note: the root is Ain-TH-M and it means great/hard/strong. The concrete word is AAaTHM and that is the bones or the hard/strong/firm core of things. ALAAaTHEEM means the great.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:118

Salaam all,


In tuAAaththibhum fainnahum AAibaduka wain taghfir lahum fainnaka anta alAAazeezu alhakeemu

The Aya says:
If you (Singular) make them suffer, then they are your servants/slaves. While if you forgive them, then you are indeed the dominantly strong, the wise.

My personal note;
This Aya continues the sayings of Jesus (pbuh) as he addresses God in relation to his followers’ claim of Jesus divinity. The passage is beautiful and carries with it the clear ackowledgement of Allah’s right to punish those wrong doers and subtle hint of asking for their forgiveness.

The Aya ends with “And if you forgive them, then you are the dominantly strong, the wise” The ending with those two attributes is a little curious because often times when there is asking for forgiveness, the ending is with “The forgiving, the merciful”. The reason why Jesus (pbuh) ended with emphasizing those two attributes could be because of the gravity of the claim of Jesus’s divinity and Jesus wanted to re-emphasize Allah’s strength, not being affected by what people do and Allah’s wisdom. And Allah knows best.

Translation of the transliterated words:
In: if
tuAAaththibhum: you (singular) make them suffer
Note: TUAAaTHTHIBHUM is derived from the root Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering. TUAAaTHTHIBHUM is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (HUM=them) suffer is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular).

Fainnahum: then they
Aaibaduka: your servants/ slaves
Note: the root is Ain-B-D and it means slave or servant. AAIBADU means slaves or servants of. KA is a singular you and it points to Allah. Here, the term AAiBADUKA points to all those who claim to follow the message of Jesus.

Wain: and if/ while if
Taghfir: you protectively cover/ you forgive
Note: the root is GH-F-R and it means the helmet of the soldier in the battle. This is one of the concrete uses of the word and the word is therefore used to mean protective covering in many fashions as in protecting the person from the error or protecting the person from the consequence of error and that is forgiveness. TAGHFIRU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of protectively covering or forgiving is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular pointing to Allah). In this context, it is forgiveness

Lahum: to them/ for them
Fainnaka: then you
Anta: indeed you

alAAazeezu: the dominantly strong/ the dominant
Note: the root is Ain-Z-Z and it means the hard earth that will not yield under the rain and therefore, will make the rain water flow rather than seep or cause the earth to erode. It is used for entities that are strong and defeat pressure, basically the combination of strength and dominance.
alhakeemu : the Wise/ steering
Note: the root Ha-K-M and it means the steer that steers the animal. This word is used for ruling and judging as well as other meanings that contain steering as part of the concept. HAKEEM means wise or the steering. The steering means the entity that steers in the best way


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:117

Salaam all,



Ma qultu lahum illa ma amartanee bihi ani oAAbudoo Allaha rabbee warabbakum wakuntu AAalayhim shaheedan ma dumtu feehim falamma tawaffaytanee kunta anta alrraqeeba AAalayhim waanta AAala kulli shayin shaheedun

The Aya says:
(Jesus continues) I did not say to them except what you (singular) ordered me with, that worship Allah, my nurturing lord and your (plural) nurturing lord. And I was a witness upon them as long as I stayed amongst them, so when you took me, you were the watcher over them, and you witness upon every entity.

My personal note:
Jesus here reiterates what he actually said and that he never drifted from the message of God and that he asked them to worship Allah who is his lord and their lord. In a sense, Jesus denied that he asked people to take him as divine.

I translated the term TAWAFFAYTANEE as took me. The term carries the meaning of meeting dues and it often carries the meaning of death, however, it does not have to mean that. In this sense, I felt that translating it as took me as most appropriate because it does not have to mean death either in this context.

In a sense, the Aya tells us that the job of the prophet is to make sure that his followers follow the message as clearly as possible and then when he is gone, the watching over the followers is from God and they are supposed to follow the message as honestly as possible without succumbing to the powers of bias and rejection of the message or parts of it.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Ma: not
qultu: I said/ communicated/ I told
Note: QULTU is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying or communicating in any way possible whether in words or otherwise. QULTU is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (first person singular). This, in turn means: I said or I happened to say or communicate.
Lahum: to them
Illa: except/ if not
Ma: what
Amartanee: you (singular) ordered me
Note: The root is Hamza-M-R and it means ordering something and the implementation of it. Sometimes it attains the implementation part or matter as in personal matter and so forth, and at times it is the order and implementation of the order, depending on the situation in the sentence. AMARTA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of ordering the object (NEE= me) happened by the subject (second person singular pointing to Allah).
Bihi: by him/ With him
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. HI means him and it points to what Allah ordered him to do.

Ani: that
oAAbudoo: worship/ make yourselves slaves of
Note: oAABUDOO is derived from the root Ain-B-D and it means slave or servant. This is conceptually extended to acts of worship. A person makes himself/ herself a slave voluntarily either out of love or out of recognition of the importance of the entity he or she enslaved himself to, and that is the essence of worship, enslaving oneself to the beloved who is also the almighty. oAABUDOO is an order or a request addressing a group of people. It means: and worship/ make yourselves slaves of the object (Allah).
Allaha: Allah/ the one worthy of worship

Rabbee: my nurturing Lord
Note: the root is R-B-B and it means nurturing and Lordship as two components of the meaning that can be present together or one at a time according to the context of the sentence. RABBEE is nurturing Lord of mine.

warabbakum: and your nurturing Lord
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. RABBAKUM is derived from the root R-B-B and it means nurturing and Lordship as two components of the meaning that can be present together or one at a time according to the context of the sentence. RABBA is nurturing Lord of. KUM means plural you.
Wakuntu: and I was/ I happened to be
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KUNTU is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KUNTU is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (first person singular). This in turn means: I happened to be/ I was

Aaalayhim: upon them/ over them
Shaheedan: witness
Note: SHAHEED is derived from the root SH-H-D and it means witnessing of truth and it also denotes that the witness knows very well what he or she is witnessing about. The concrete meaning is the honey mixed with wax therefore the wax is the witness of the truth that the honey is the honey. Another concrete meaning is the baby that was just born and is covered with a membrane. In both, there is close association which is proof or witness of the fact. SHAHEEDAN means witness or witnessing.
Ma: what
Dumtu: I lasted
Note: the root is D-W-M and it means in one of it’s concrete meanings, the constant rain that lasts a long period. As a concept it takes the feel of constancy and maintenance of an action and so forth. DUMTU is an action that is completed. It means: the action of maintaining another action (not mentioned but is suggestive of his presence in the land) happened by the subject (first person singular pointing to Jesus.)

Feehim: in them/ Amongst them
Falamma: so when
Tawaffaytanee: took me/ made me meet dues
Note: the root is W-F-Y and it means meeting dues. This then takes different meanings according to the plane of thought of the sentence. One meaning could be death since it is a meeting of dues, or just a taking of someone or something depending on the situation, or other forms of meeting dues. TAWAFFAHUMU is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (NEE= me) meet dues is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular pointing to Allah). So, here the meeting of the dues is taking Jesus by Allah.

Kunta: you (singular) were/ you happened to be
Note: KUNTA is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. KUNTA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (Second person singular). This in turn means: you happened to be/ you were

Anta: you/ yourself
Alrraqeeba: the watcher/ the observer
Note: the root is R-Qaf-B and it means neck for the concrete. The abstract is used to mean surveillance because the neck is an organ of surveillance. It is also used to mean control because the neck is an organ when controlled, the whole body follows. ALRRAQEEB is the one who surveys/ observes and watches over.
Aaalayhim: over them/ on them
Waanta: and you (singular)
AAala: upon/ on
Kulli: every/ each
Note: KULLI is derived from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete and it means all or every or each. It can also be extended conceptually to mean the parts surrounding an entity. KULLI means every, or each.

Shayin: entity/ thing
Note: the root is SH-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAYIN means entity. It is taken here to mean a thing or entity
Shaheedun: witnessing
Note: SHAHEED is derived from the root SH-H-D and it means witnessing of truth and it also denotes that the witness knows very well what he or she is witnessing about. The concrete meaning is the honey mixed with wax therefore the wax is the witness of the truth that the honey is the honey. Another concrete meaning is the baby that was just born and is covered with a membrane. In both, there is close association which is proof or witness of the fact. SHAHEEDUN means witness or witnessing.


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:116

Salaam all,


Waith qala Allahu ya AAeesa ibna maryama aanta qulta lilnnasi ittakhithoonee waommiya ilahayni min dooni Allahi qala subhanaka ma yakoonu lee an aqoola ma laysa lee bihaqqin in kuntu qultuhu faqad AAalimtahu taAAlamu ma fee nafsee wala aAAlamu ma fee nafsika innaka anta AAallamu alghuyoobi

The aya says:
And as Allah said to Jesus son of Mary: Did you tell the people take me and my mother as two entities worthy of worship short of Allah?! He (Jesus) responded: Glorified are You. It is not appropriate for me to claim what is not mine in truth. If I said it then you indeed knew it. You know what is inside my self while I do not know what is inside your self. You are indeed very knowing of the unperceiveds.

My personal note:
In a sense this Aya is a witnessing from Jesus shared in the Qur’an that neither he nor his mother claimed divinity nor is it appropriate for them to claim it.

Jesus’s response starts with Subhanak that I translated as glorified are you. This term is often used when one claims something that is very inappropriate towards Allah because the term carries with it the meaning of Allah is way above that. So, Jesus is declaring that such a claim is way wrong and inappropriate.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waith: and as/ when
Qala: He said/ communicated
Note: QALA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah). This, in turn means: He said or responded or communicated.

Allahu: Allah
ya AAeesa ibna maryama: Oh Jesus son of Mary
aanta: you (singular)?
Qulta: said/ communicated
Note: QULTA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QULTA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (second person singular). AANTA QULTA, in turn means: did you say?

Lilnnasi: to the people/ society
Note: LI means to. ALNNASI is derived from the root the root is Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ALNNASI are the society or the people.
Ittakhithoonee: take me
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-TH and it means to take. ITTAKHITHOONEE is an order to a group of people. It means: take me.

Waommiya: and my mother
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. OMMIYA is derived from the root Hamza-M-M and it means mother or sources/origin if said as UMM and destination if said as AMM. OMMIYA means my mother.

Ilahayni: two Gods/ two entities worthy of worship
Note: the root is Hamza-L-H and it means God or one who is worthy of worship. ILAHAYIN means two Gods or two entities worthy of worship.

Min: from
Dooni: short of/ below of
Note: The root is D-W-N and it means short of someone or something. It can also mean lower than at times depending on the plane of thought of the sentence. DOONI means short of or below of.
Allahi: Allah
Qala: He (Jesus) said/ communicated/ responded
Note: QALA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Jesus). This, in turn means: He said or responded or communicated.

subhanaka: Glorified are you (singular)/ exalted are you/ way above
Note: the root is S-B-Ha and it gives the concrete meaning of swimming above the water or any smooth unhindered motion above an entity or a surface. When it is used for God, it carries the meaning of God being above any entity and unhindered by it. Basically what Glorification or exaltation of God constitutes. In this case, it also carries the meaning of being above and beyond what comes next.
ma yakoonu: not happen/ not appropriate
Note: MA is for negating the action that comes next. YAKOONU is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening. MA YAKOONU carries the meaning of not appropriate to happen/ not happening/ not rightful.
Lee: to me/ for me
An: that/ to
Aqoola: I say/ communicate/claim
Note; the root is Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. AQOOLA is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person singular pointing to Jesus). Claim is the appropriate meaning in this context.

ma laysa lee: what is not mine
bihaqqin: by binding truth/ with binding truth/ in right/ in truth
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. HAQQIN is derived from the root Ha-Qaf-Qaf and it means binding right where right means correct as well s what is due to one person (rights and obligations). HAQQI is binding right or binding truth.
In: if
Kuntum: I happened to be/ I were
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUNTU is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (first person singular). This in turn means: I happened to be/ I were
Qultuhu: I said it/ I communicated it
Note: QULTU is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying or communicating in any way possible whether in words or otherwise. QULTU is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying the object (HU= him pointing to the statement that was mentioned earlier about Jesus saying that he is God) happened by the subject (first person singular). IN KUNTU QULTUHU carries the meaning of: If I said it or If I happened to say it.
Faqad: then indeed

Aaalimtahu: you (singular) knew it
Note: AaaLIMTAHU is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AaaLIMTAHU is an action that is completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (HU= him) for fact happened by the subject (second person singular pointing to Allah).

taAAlamu: you (singular) know/ know for fact
Note: TaAALAMU is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. TaAALAMU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (ma=what) for fact is happening or will be happening by the subject (singular person singular pointing to Allah).

Ma: what
Fee: in
Nafsee: my self
Note: NAFSEE is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath. This is the concept and then it can extend to self or anything that breathes. NAFSEE means self of mine.

wala aAAlamu: and I do not know
Note: WALA means and followed by a negatioin of the action that comes next. aAALAMU is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. aAALAMU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (ma=what) for fact is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person singular pointing to Jesus).

Ma: what
Fee: in
Nafsika: yourself
Note: NAFSI is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath. This is the concept and then it can extend to self or anything that breathes. NAFSI means self of. KA means singular you

Innaka: indeed you (singular)
Anta: you
Aaallamu: very knowing
Note:. AAaLLAMU is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AAaLAMU means very knowing.

Alghuyoobi: the unperceiveds
Note: ALGHUYOOBI is derived from the root GH-Y-B or ghain-y-band it means unperceived in general. One concrete word is the word for thick forest where many things are hidden and unperceived as opposed to the open desert that the Arabs were familiar with. This is then conceptually taken to any thing that disappears or becomes as if it disappeared in the forest. ALGHUYOOBI here means the unperceiveds. In this context, it points to the private.


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:115

Salaam all,


Qala Allahu innee munazziluha AAalaykum faman yakfur baAAdu minkum fainnee oAAaththibuhu AAathaban la oAAaththibuhu ahadan mina alAAalameena

The Aya says:
Allah responded: “I indeed will bring it down upon you (plural). So whoever rejects afterwards from amongst you then I will make him suffer a suffering that I will not do to any of the beings”.

My personal note:
This Aya brings about a very important principle. It is the principle that the responsibility we have towards God is greater when we have greater knowledge and proofs. So, someone who saw such a strong proof is then responsible to act accordingly and the person who saw less than that is responsible for less than that. This is part of the justice of God.

According to some scholars of Islam, one of the people who will have greater punishments on the day of Judgement is a corrupt scholar. May Allah give us knowledge and help us carry the responsibility of that knowledge accordingly.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Qala: He said/ communicated/ responded
Note: QALA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah). This, in turn means: He said or responded or communicated.

Allahu: Allah
Innee: I indeed
Munazziluha: bringing her down/ sending her down
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent or landing. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. MUNAZZILUHA means: I bringing it down.
Aaalaykum: upon you (plural)
Faman: so whomever
Yakfur: rejects/ discards
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. YAKFUR is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (Allah, coming up) is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person singular).
baAAdu: after
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADU here means: after.
Minkum: amongst you

Fainnee: then I indeed
oAAaththibuhu: will make him suffer
Note: oAAaththibuhu is derived from the root Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering. oAAaththibuhu is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (HU=him) suffer is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person singular).

AAathaban: suffering
Note: the root is Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering.
la oAAaththibuhu: I will not make suffer/ I do not make suffer
Note: LA is for negation of the coming action. oAAaththibuhu is derived from the root Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering. oAAaththibuhu is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (HU=him and points to suffering in here) suffer is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person singular).

ahadan : one/ anyone
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one. AHADAN means one. In this sense, it takes the idea of anyone
Mina: from
alAAalameena: the beings/ the factual entities
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. ALAAaLAMEENA are the knowns and that includes all factual entities other than Allah in this context.


Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:114

Salaam all,



Qala AAeesa ibnu maryama allahumma rabbana anzil AAalayna maidatan mina alssamai takoonu lana AAeedan liawwalina waakhirina waayatan minka waorzuqna waanta khayru alrraziqeena

The aya says:
Jesus son of Mary said: O Allah, our nurturing Lord, descend upon us a feast from the sky. It will be a celebration for us to the first and the last amongst us and a sign from you, and provide us. And you are (singular) the best of the providers.

My personal note:
In this passage, Jesus (pbuh) asked for the feast to come down invoking Allah by his name Allah which would linguistically mean the one worthy or worship and His name RABB which carries with it lordship and nurturing/ sustaining at the same time.

The use of the term Aaeed in the Aya is interesting in a sense. Aaeed carries the meaning of celebration, but there is a hint of an event that repeats itself on a yearly basis. So, as if it was meant to be an event to be celebrated for the generations to come. This may be supported by the fact that it is followed by the statement “To the first and the last amongst us” which may be pointing to generations after generations coming and celebrating it till the end of days.

The significance of the feast is therefore two fold, a celebration and a sign of the mighty of God to the disciples to strengthen their faith.

Translation of the transliterated words:


Qala: said/ communicated
Note: QALA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person singular). This, in turn means: He said or responded or communicated.
AAeesa ibnu maryama: Jesus son of Mary
Allahumma: O Allah
Rabbana: Our nurturing Lord
Note: the root is R-B-B and it means nurturing and Lordship as two components of the meaning that can be present together or one at a time according to the context of the sentence. RABBA is nurturing Lord of. NA means us.

Anzil: bring down/ make land
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent or landing. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. ANZIL is an order or a request addressed to a singular. It means make descend/ bring down/ make land

Aaalayna: upon us
Maidatan: a feast table/ a feast
Note: the root is M-Y-D and it points to an object that is either moving in it’s place or just moving depending on the object and the context. It could be pointing to dangling and so on. MAIDATAN is actually a feast that is being served on table or other serving method. The relationship to the movement is the food coming and being taken by the people who are eating and so on.
Mina: from
Alssamai: the sky/ the heaven/ the above
Note: the root is S-M-W and it means rising. This word is used to mean many things that are related to that meaning. One of the meanings is name because when a person’s name is called, he or she would rise and respond. ALSSAMAI is the above or what is above, that is the sky or the heaven or any entity from the atmosphere to beyond that.

Takoonu: she will be/ it will be/ it be
Note: TAKOONU, the root is K-W-N and it means being. TAKOONU is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular feminine pointing to the feast).

Lana: to us/ for us
Aaeedan: a celebration/ a celebration to be repeated
Note: the root is Ain-W-D and it means repeat. It can also mean return since the return is a repetition of previous position. Conceptually, the term is also used for celebrations because they are often repeated on a regular basis. AAeeDAN means a celebration.
Liawwalina: to the first amongst us/ most ultimate
Note: LI means to or for. AWWAL is derived from the root Hamza-W-L and it means ultimate as a concept and takes different shapes and specific meanings according to the situation including first and so on. It often takes the meaning of first because that is the most ultimate. AWWALI means first of or first amongst or most ultimate of. NA means us.

Waakhirina: and the remaining of us/ and the last of us.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. AKHIRI is derived from the root Hamza-KH-R and it means remaining. AKHIRI means remaining of or the later of/ last of. NA means us.

Waayatan: and a sign
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. AYAT is derived from the root Hamza-Y-H and it means sign. AYATAN means a sign.

Minka: from you (singular)
Waorzuqna: and provide us
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. ORZUQNA is derived from the root R-Z-Qaf and it means provision and conceptually, it covers any form of providing especially for needs. ORZUQNA is an order or a request addressed to a singular. It means provide us.

Waanta: and you (singular)
khayru: better of/ best of
Note: the root is KH-Y-R and it means choice. It is also understood as good or as better, because one would chose the good over the bad. KHAYRU means: better of or best of.
Alrraziqeena: the providers
Note: the root is R-Z-Qaf and it means provision and conceptually, it covers any form of providing especially for needs. ALRRAZIQEENA are the providers.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein

5:113

Salaam all,


Qaloo nureedu an nakula minha watatmainna quloobuna wanaAAlama an qad sadaqtana wanakoona AAalayha mina alshshahideena

The Aya says:
They responded: We seek to eat from her (the feast) and our hearts and minds reach calmness/peace and we know for fact that you have been truthful to us and we be upon her, amongst the witnesses.

My personal note:
The response of the disciples was to explain their position. One of the terms is TATMAINNA quloobuna. I translated this as “our hearts and minds reach calmness/ peace). The term basically carries with it the calm and peace and relaxation. The same term also came in Sura Baqara 2:260 when Abraham asked Allah to show him how he resurrects the dead. When Abraham was asked whether he had Iman (safety) in Allah, Ibrahim’s response was Certainly but I wanted my heart and mind reach Itminan=calmness.

So, in a sense this term basically points to the time when the heart and mind is completely calm, at peace, and not a single thought of doubt is on the mind. This is the exact opposite of another term REEBA which carries with it the meaning of doubt leading to disturbance.

Scholars teach that the phase of Itminan is the highest level of Iman and therefore it is the stage at which we aim to arrive. Of course few of us reach it but Allah accepts our Iman as long as we maintained and keep working on strengthening it.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Qaloo: they said/ communicated/ answered
Note: QALOO is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. QALOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying happened by the subject (third person plural). This, in turn means: they said or they happened to say or communicate.

Nureedu: we seek/ we want
Note: the root is R-W-D and it means in concrete the person that goes ahead of the people looking for resources. Therefore, the word has within it the meanings of pioneering, seeking and desiring. NUREEDU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of seeking or wanting is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person plural).

an nakula: to eat
Note: AN means that but in this context it takes the form of the enlish to. NAKULA is derived from the root root Hamza-K-L and it means eating. This will then take different meanings depending on the different planes of thought that a person has. NAKULA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of eating the object (minha= from her ,the feast) is happening or will be happening by the subject (firstperson plural). Because of the AN that came before the term takes the meaning of to eat.

Minha: from her (the feast)
Watatmainna: and reach calmness/ security
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. TATMAINNA is derived from the root TTa-M-N and it means calmness and feeling secure or peaceful. TATMAINNA is an action that is derived from the root that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of becoming calm or secure is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person plural).

Quloobuna: our hearts/ hearts and minds
Note: The root is Qaf-L-B and it means turning 180 degrees or upside down. The word is used for heart, because it is the organ that changes it’s moods often. Therefore QALB is our thoughts and emotions. QULOOBU are hearts and minds of or thoughts and emotions of. NA means us.

wanaAAlama: and we know/ learn/ know for fact
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. NaAALAM is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. NaAALAM is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing for fact is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person plural).

an qad: that indeed
sadaqtana: you (singular) were truthful to us
Note: SADAQTANA is derived from the root Sad-D-Qaf and it means truth in word or deed. When it is in deed, it takes the shape of charity as the act of truthfulness or that charity is considered giving what truly belongs to the ones who receive it. SADAQTANA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of being truthful happened by the subject (second person singular pointing to Jesus) to the object NA= us.

Wanakoona: and we happen to be/ and we become
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. NAKOONU is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. NAKOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (first personal plural). This in turn means, in this context: We will be or will happen to be or we become.
AAalayha: upon her
mina: amongst
alshshahideena: the witness
Note: SHAHIDEENA is derived from the root SH-H-D and it means witnessing of truth and it also denotes that the witness knows very well what he or she is witnessing about. The concrete meaning is the honey mixed with wax therefore the wax is the witness of the truth that the honey is the honey. Another concrete meaning is the baby that was just born and is covered with a membrane. In both, there is close association which is proof or witness of the fact. SHAHIDEEN means witnesses .

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein