Fakhalafa min baAAdihim khalfun warithoo alkitaba yakhuthoona AAarada hatha aladna wayaqooloona sayughfaru lana wain yatihim AAaradun mithluhu yakhuthoohu alam yukhath AAalayhim meethaqu alkitabi an layaqooloo AAala Allahi illa alhaqqa wadarasoo ma feehi waalddaru alakhiratu khayrun lillatheena yattaqoona afala taAAqiloona
So came after them a lesser quality offspring who inherited the book, they take the enticement of this lower life and they say we will be forgiven and if another similar enticement comes they take it. Was not the oath of the book taken upon them that they do not say about Allah except the binding truth?! And they studied what is in it (the book). And the next life is better for those who act consciously (of Allah), will you (plural) not contemplate?!
The term KHALF talks about the group that comes after and is of lesser quality than the predecessor in general in the usage of the Qur’an.
One question comes here is whether the above statements are similar to what Muslim scholars say that a Muslim who has a grain of Iman in his/ her heart may or may not enter Hell but if he/she entered hell they will at some point be released from it as opposed to the person who does not have the grain of Iman in their hearts. The answer to this question is from different angles:
1- The above statement is pointing to a group that felt that they will be forgiven by virtue of their family tree whereas islamically the family tree cannot gurauntee forgiveness.
2- Islamically some Muslims will have to pay for their sins accordingly but that their sins do not make them deserving of eternal life in Hell as opposed to other sins.
3- That for the muslim to be in that group he or she will have to still adhere to a belief and action that makes him or her deserving of that outcome and therefore they should not take anything for granted because if their beliefs and actioins make them nondeserving of that outcome they will not get out of hell. So a Muslim should never be complacent in feeling that he or she will be forgiven or may come out of Hell eventually. This is the main point of this Aya is to get people to act to the best of their ability and potential and move away from complacency.
Fakhalafa: so came after/ so came behind
Note: FA means thereofore or so or then. KHALAFA is derived from the root KH-L-F and it means behind in time or place or any other plane of thought. For time, it takes the meaning of what happens after or the future. KHALAFA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of coming behind happened by the subject (third person plural).
Min: from
baAAdihim: after them
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADIHIM here means: after them.
Khalfun: a poor follower/ a poor offspring/ a come after/ a left behind/ a lesser quality offspring
Note: the root is KH-L-F and it means behind in time or place or any other plane of thought. For time, it takes the meaning of what happens after or the future. KHALF is a term that is generally negative for the ones that come after.
Warithoo: they inherited
Note: the root is W-R-TH and it means inheritance or inheriting. WARITHNOO is an action that is completed. It means the action of inheriting the object (ALKITAB= the book) happened by the subject (third person plural)
alkitaba : the book/ the documentation
Note: the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and the ideas together. ALKITABA means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together.
yakhuthoona: they take
Note: YAKHUTHOONA is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. YAKHUTHOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of taking the object (AARADA= offering of) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
AAarada: presentation/ offering / enticement of
Note: the root is Ain-R-Dhad and it means width. As a conceptual meaning it has many applications such as: standing in the way or closing the road, but it also means presenting and make something seen, because things are seen better if one sees their width. AAaRADA in this context points to what comes across of offering. Enticement/ presentation.
Hatha: this
Aladna: the closer/ the short term
Note: the root is D-N-W and it means nearness or nearing. ALDUNYA means the near. In this case, it points to this life that we are living in as the near. ALADNA is the closer or the short term.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. YAQOOLOONA is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. YAQOOLOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Sayughfaru lana: will be forgiven for us/ will be forgiven for us
Note: SAYUGHFARU is derived from the root GH-F-R or GHAIN-F-R and it means covering for protection. The concrete word is the helmet of the fighter. GHAFOOR is the one that covers to protect. This, in turn means protection from committing the sin and protection from the consequences of sin, which also means forgiving. SAYUGHFARU is an action that will be completed. It means: the action of protectively covering for the object or forgiving the object (LANA= for us) will happen by an undeclared subject.
Wain: and if
Yatihim: comes to them
Note: the root is Hamza-T-Y and it means in concrete the water that comes from the rain of another land. In concrete it means the coming of something or someone with many of it’s implications. YATI is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of coming is happening or will be happening by the subject (AAaRADUN= enticement) to the object (HIM= them).
Note: the root is Ain-R-Dhad and it means width. As a conceptual meaning it has many applications such as: standing in the way or closing the road, but it also means presenting and make something seen, because things are seen better if one sees their width. AAaRADUN in this context points to what comes across of offering. Enticement/ presentation.
Mithluhu: similar to it
Note: the root M-TH-L and it means similitude or similar. MITHLU means similitude of or similar to. Conceptually, it can also be understood as the example of or equal to. HU means him and it points to the enticement.
Yakhuthoohu: : they take him/ it
Note: YAKHUTHOOHU is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. YAKHUTHOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of taking the object (HU= him and it points to other offer) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Alam: did not?/ was not
yukhath: take
Note: YUKHATH is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. YUKHATH is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of taking the object (MEETHAQU=covenant/ strong assurance) is happening or will be happening by an undeclared subject.
AAalayhim: upon them
Meethaqu: oath of/ assurance of/covenant of
Note: MEETHAQ is derived from the root W-TH-Qaf and it means in concrete terms, the secure tying of a knot or the pasture that has lots of grass and therefore is assured of providing enough nutrition. So, the other meanings of the term are assurance and security. MEETHAQU is assurance of or trust and security of or covenant of.
Alkitabi: the book/ the documentation
Note: the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and the ideas together. ALKITABI means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together.
An: that
La yaqooloo: they do not say
Note: LA is for negation of the action that comes next. YAQOOLOO is derived from the root Qaf-W-L and it means saying in any way possible. YAQOOLOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means the action of saying is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Allahi: Allah
Illa: except/ if not
alhaqqa: the binding truth/ the binding right
Note: ALHAQQA is derived from the root Ha-Qaf-Qaf and it means binding right where right means correct as well s what is due to one person (rights and obligations). ALHAQQ is binding right or binding truth or just right as the context suggests here.
Wadarasoo: and they studied
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. DARASOO is derived from the root D-R-S and it means stepping over an entity back and forth. This is the concrete meaning and it is used in a conceptual manner in many ways. When it is applied to going over a book back and forth as in this example, then it takes the meaning of studying it deeply. DARASOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of studying happened by the subject (third person plural).
Ma: what
Feehi: in it
Waalddaru: and the home/ while the home
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ALDDARU is derived from the root D-W-R and it means to circle around. Conceptually it can be used for a house or any entity that may have a circle around it or that surrounds an entity and so on. ALDDARU in this context means the house of or the home of.
Alakhiratu: the remaining/ the next life
Note: ALAKHIRATI is derived from the root Hamza-KH-R and it means remaining. ALAKHIRATI means the remaining or the later. This, in turn means the later life or the life after death.
Note: the root is KH-Y-R and it means choice. It is also understood as good or as better, because one would chose the good over the bad. KHAYRUN means: better or best.
Lillatheena: to those who
Yattaqoona: act with consciousness/ with conscience
Note: YATTAQOON is derived from the root W-Qaf-y and it means guarding or protecting. Since the best guarding is through consciousness then it means consciousness. YATTAQOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of acting consciously is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural)
Afala: so why not?
taAAqiloona: you (plural) contemplate
Note: the root is Ain-Qaf-L and it means tying the animal so that it does not go away. This is the concrete word, but it is also used for any restraint or tying. The word is used for brain or thinking appropriately. That could be because either that one who thinks appropriately is restraining his thoughts from going astray, or that he is tying things together or both. TaAAQILOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed and that is derived from the root. It means: the action of thinking/ contemplating appropriately or with restraint, is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Hussein
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