10:5

 Salaam all

10:5

 

هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيَاءً وَالْقَمَرَ نُورًا وَقَدَّرَهُ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُواْ عَدَدَ السِّنِينَ وَالْحِسَابَ مَا خَلَقَ اللّهُ ذَلِكَ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ يُفَصِّلُ الآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ

Huwa allathee jaAAala alshshamsa diyaan waalqamara nooran waqaddarahu manazila litaAAlamoo AAadada alssineena waalhisaba ma khalaqa Allahu thalika illa bialhaqqi yufassilu alayati liqawmin yaAAlamoona

 

The Aya says:

He made the sun a source of light and the moon cool light and set it’s limits in stages in order that you (plural) know the number of the years and the calculation.  Allah did not create this except by the binding right.  He details the signs to people who know/ pursue knowledge

 

My personal note:

The word NOOR which is used for the moon is derived from the root N-W-R.  This root has one derivative NAR for fire and NOOR for light without heat.  So, the Aya is contrasting the light with heat from the sun to the light without heat for the moon.

 

The Aya brings about that the stages of the moon and the sun are tools for our calculation of many things including time and therefore anchoring time to place and so on.

The end of the Aya talks about people who YaAALAMOON.  The term is derived from the root Ain-L-M which points to knowledge of facts.  The term YaAALAMOON points to an action that is happening or will be happening.  In a sense it points to people who know and are always pursuing knowledge of facts.  This is a sign of a true believer.  He or she are in pursuit of knowledge of facts and not scoring points or distortions.

 

Translation of the transliterated words:

Huwa: He

Allathee: Who/ one Who

jaAAala: made/ formed/ transformed

Note: JaAAaLA is derived from the root J-Ain-L and it means making, forming or transforming something that already exists or that has not existed yet. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of transformation more often than formation. JaAAaLA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of forming or transforming the object (Alshshamsa= the sun) by the subject (first person singular pointing to Allah).

Alshshamsa: the sun

Note: ALSHHAMSA is derived from the root SH-M-S and it means sun. ALSHSHAMSA is the sun.

Diyaan: light/ source of light

Note: the root is Dhad-W-Hamza and it means lighting or initiating light.  DIYAAN means a source of light or initiator of light.

Waalqamara: and the moon

Note: WA here is for contrasting two things that are different.  ALQAMARA means the moon.

Noran: light

Note: the root is N-W-R and it means light or lighting.  The derivatives of this root are NAR for fire and NOOR for pure light as in without heat and so on. Noor in this context points to passive light.

Waqaddarahu: and He set its limits

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture.  WA can also be understood as contrasting two things and can be a simple addition.  QADDARAHU is derived from the root Qaf-D-R and it means in concrete cooking the meat in the pot. Conceptually it takes the meaning of measuring, putting limits on an entity and capability to cover the exact need and task.  QADDARA is an action that is completed.  It means: the action of setting limits or measuring of the object (HU= him pointing to the moon) is completed by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah)

Manazila: locations/ stages/ stops

Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay.  MANAZIL are the places and times of descent or arrival or stops on the root and so on.  In this context it points to the stages of the moon.

litaAAlamoo: in order that you (plural) know

Note: LI means to or in order to.  TaAALAMOO is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts.  TaAALAMOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed.  It means: the action of knowing is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).

AAadada: number of/ count of

Note: the root is Ain-D-D and it means counting. Conceptually, it takes the meaning of counting in addition to preparing what is needed because this includes counting. 

Alssineena: the years

Note:  ALSSINEEN is derived from the root S-N-N and it means in concrete tooth or teeth. This word also takes many other meanings that are related in different words to the concrete. One of the meanings is aging and years, probably because the teeth change little with years and last long even after death. It is also used to mean the action that is repeated identically very much as the teeth chew identically through the years. In this context Sineen is for years 

Waalhisaba: including/ and the counting/ mathematics/ calculations

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture.  WA can also be understood as contrasting two things and can be a simple addition.  ALHISABA is derived from the root Ha-S-B and it means calculating from all the aspects of it. ALHISAB means the calculation/ mathematics/ the counting.

 

Ma: not

Khalaqa: created

Note: the root is KH-L-Qaf and it means creating and creation. The word has many little other meanings that revolve around that theme, in concrete, it means the smoothened rock that was shaped that way, so it has the cutting and shaping and making things as part of the meaning as well as creating out of nothing as well.  KHALAQA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of creating or shaping happened by the subject (third person singular).

Allahu: Allah

Thalika: that

Illa: except/ if not

Bialhaqqi: by the binding right/ the binding truth

Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it.  In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action.  This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on.  ALHAQQI is derived from the root Note: the root is Ha-Qaf-Qaf and it means binding right where right means correct as well s what is due to one person (rights and obligations). ALHAQQ means binding right or binding truth.

 

Yufassilu: He details/ He designates

Note: the root is F-Sad-L and it means what makes the two things or more distinguishable from one another. This can be because of separation or because of joint or change of color or angle and so on. The action is more of distinction. YUFASSILU is an action that is derived from the root. The action is being completed or will be completed. It means that the action of distinguishing or detailing of the object (ALAYATI= the signis)is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular).
alayati: the signs
Note: AYAT is derived from the root Hamza-Y-H and it means sign. ALAYATI means the signs.

Liqawmin:  to a people

 

Note: LI means to. QAWMIN is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMIN are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group.

yaAAlamoona: they know/ happen to know
Note: YaAALAMOONA is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. YaAALAMOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing the object (not mentioned) for fact is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). LIQAWMIN YaAALAMOONA has the meaning of people who know, or people who search for facts.

 

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein