10:13

 Salaam all,

10:13

وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا الْقُرُونَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ لَمَّا ظَلَمُواْ وَجَاءتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَمَا كَانُواْ لِيُؤْمِنُواْ كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِي الْقَوْمَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ

 

Walaqad ahlakna alquroona min qablikum lamma thalamoo wajaathum rusuluhum bialbayyinati wama kanoo liyuminoo kathalika najzee alqawma almujrimeena 

 

The Aya says:

And we indeed decimated the generations before you (plural)when they transgressed despite their messengers coming to them with proofs.  And they were not to become faithful.  As such, we pay back the criminal people.

 

My personal note:

The Aya is a message to the rejecters of the message among the people of Mecca.  It reminds them that rejection of the message when you have proofs from the messenger is a great injustice that can make them deserving of punishment.  The Aya points to the awareness of the people of Arabia of stories of rejection of the prophets that may have come from some general knowledge of stories of Judaism and Christianity and others.

I did translate the WA in different ways here.  In two places, the WA served as an initiation of the sentence.  In another it could have been translated (and their messengers came to them with proofs) but what it really means is that despite their arrivals with proofs.  This part serves an important part of the message and that Allah does not punish until the proof had arrived and then rejected.

 

Translation of the transliterated words:

Walaqad: and indeed

Ahlakna: We decimated/ We caused to perish

Note: the root is H-L-K and it means dried and dead plant. This is the concrete and the abstract means death and perdition. AHLAKNA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of causing the object’s (ALQUROONA= the generations) death or perdition happened by the subject (first person plural).

Alquroona: the generations

Note: the root is Qaf-R-N and it means in concrete horn of the animal. Conceptually, it is used for comparison, close association and pointed end as well as a generation or so since the horn of the animal points to mature stage and so on. QARN in this context is a generation that lives between the two ends of life, birth and death. ALQUROONA are  generations or a nation’s life span.

Min: from

Qablikum: before you (plural)

Note: the root Qaf-B-L and it means front. This is then carried in time or space or any plain of thought. If it is in time, then front means before, while place would be in front. It is used to mean acceptance and reception since we receive and accept using our fronts. QABLI here is front in time and that is before. KUM is plural you.

Lamma: when

Thalamoo: they transgressed

Note: THALAMOO is derived from the root THA-L-M and it means darkness in the most concrete form. This word also takes the meaning of misplacing right from wrong and transgression or injustice since injustice is displacing right from wrong and a decision made in darkness. THALAMOO is an action that is completed. It means the action of misplacing/ transgressing or acting unjustly/ unfairly is happened by the subject (third person plural)

Wajaathum: and came to them/ while came to them

Note: WA here means and or while as in despite.  JAATHUM is derived from the root t J-Y-Hamza and it means coming. One concrete word that is derived from this word is the pool where the rain water comes. JAAT is an action that is completed and that is derived from the root. It means that the action of coming happened by the subject (third person singular feminine pointing to RUSULUHUM= their messengers) to the object (HUM=them).

 

rusuluhum: their messengers/ envoys
Note: RUSULUHUM is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULU means messengers of and is the plural of Rasul who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. HUM means them.

bialbayyinati : with the clear proofs/ with the clarifiers
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. ALBAYYINATI is derived from the root B-Y-N and it means in concrete between. The action of the verb is betweening. This betweening can mean clarifying because one can know better the difference between two things. It also can mean distancing because the betweening makes things become apart. BYYINA means clear proof or clarifying entity and so on. BAYYINAT is the plural form.

Wama: and not

Kanoo: were they/ they happened to

Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being.  KANOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal plural).  This in turn means: they were/ they happened to be.

 

 

Liyuminoo: to attain faith

Note: Li means to.  YUMINOO is derived from the root Hamza-M-N Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. YUMINOO is an action that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the same entity here) become safe is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). So, it ends up meaning for the term wama kanoo liyuminoo: they were not to attain faith.

 

Kathalika: as such

Najzee: We pay back

Note:  NAJZEE is derived from the root J-Z-Y and it means compensation for action that can be good or bad.  In this context, it is good.  NAJZEE is an action is happening or will be happening.  It means the action of re-compensating or rewarding or paying back the object (ALQAWMA ALMUJYIMEEN= the guilty people) is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person plural pointing to Allah).

 

Alqawma: the people

Note:  ALQAWMA is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. ALQAWMA are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group.

almujrimeena : the guilty/ the criminal

Note: the root is J-R-M and in concrete it means: harvesting the dates from the tree or separating/severing the dates from the tree. Conceptually, this word then carries many other meaning including a transgression because the transgression/criminal act is a separation or severing of ties with what is appropriate. MUJRIMEEN are the ones who sever ties and those are the criminals and the guilty parties.

 

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein