9:77

Salaam all,

9:77
فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ نِفَاقًا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ يَلْقَوْنَهُ بِمَا أَخْلَفُواْ اللّهَ مَا وَعَدُوهُ وَبِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْذِبُونَ
FaaAAqabahum nifaqan fee quloobihim ila yawmi yalqawnahu bima akhlafoo Allaha mawaAAadoohu wabima kanoo yakthiboona

The Aya says:
So He made their consequence hypocrisy in their hearts until the day they meet Him, by their reneging Allah what they promised Him and by their being untruthful.

My personal note:
This is a very significant Aya. It declares one of the forms of punishment for sins that is probably the most scary and that is making the hearts and minds vulnerable to disbelief and falling farther into darkness. The Aya also mentions the important sins that lead to this form of punishment. They are reneging on promises that we make to Allah and being untruthful. May Allah protect us from both of those sins.

Translation of the transliterated words:

FaaAAqabahum: So, he made them followed/ trailed/ He made their consequence/ He proceeded
Note: FA means therefore or so or then. aAAQABAHUM is derived from the root Ain-Qaf-B and it means back of foot. This is the concrete meaning and it is used to mean end, back or behind including the consequence of a person’s action and it can also mean obstacle. aAAQABAHUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (HUM= them) get the consequence or being trailed or followed by another object (Nifaqan= hypocrisy) happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah.
Nifaqan: Hypocrisy/ hidden agenda
Note: the root is N-F-Qaf. To explain it I use another derivative NAFAQ which means Tunnel. The tunnel is connection underground from one place to another. Therefore the essence of the word Tunnel is to “let Good/Useful things go to others under cover”. NIFAQAN means hypocrisy or hidden agenda.
Fee: in/on
quloobihim: their hearts/ hearts and minds/ and their insides
Note: The root is Qaf-L-B and it means turning 180 degrees or upside down. The word is used for heart, because it is the organ that changes it’s moods often. Therefore QALB is our thoughts and emotions or what is inside us. QULOOBI are hearts and minds of or thoughts and emotions of. HIM means them.
Ila: until/ towards
yawmi: day when/ day of
Note: YAWMI is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. YAWMA means day of or day when.
Yalqawnahu: they meet him
Note: the root is L-Qaf-Y and it means receiving as a concept which would be understood more specifically according to the sentence. Concrete uses of the word are a female that gets pregnant easily, therefore she received the sperm well. It is also used for the birds that hunt because they receive the prey easily and so forth. YALQAWNA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of meeting face to face between the subjects (third person plural) and the object (HU= him and points to Allah) is happening or will be happening.
Bima: by what
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. In this sentence it signifies tools of why they were taken.

Akhlafoo: they reneged/ they opposed/ they went behind
Note: the root is KH-L-F and it means behind in time or place or any other plane of thought. For time, it takes the meaning of what happens after or the future. AKHLAFOO is an action that is completed. In this context it takes the meaning of: The action of reneging/ opposing/ going behind happened by the subject (third person plural).
Allaha: Allah
Ma: what
waAAadoohu: they promised him
Note: the root is W-Ain-D and it means promise. WaAAaDOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of promising happened by the subject (third person plural) to the object (HU= him and points to Allah).

wabima: and by what
Note: WA means and here. BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. In this sentence it signifies tools of why they were taken.
Kanoo: they were/ happened to be/ they used to
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal plural). This in turn means: they were/ they happened to be.
Yakthiboona: lie/ be untruthful
Note: the root is K-TH-B and it means a untrue. Conceptually, it can be extended at times to mean a lie, although the core of the meaning is untruth, whether it is a lie or not, conscious or not. YAKTHIBOON is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of lying or saying untruths is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). Because it was preceded by the kanoo (they used to) then it is actually in the past despite the form of the verb being in the present or future.

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein