9:87

Salaam all,

9:87
رَضُواْ بِأَن يَكُونُواْ مَعَ الْخَوَالِفِ وَطُبِعَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لاَ يَفْقَهُونَ
Radoo bian yakoonoo maAAa alkhawalifi watubiAAa AAala quloobihim fahum la yafqahoona

The Aya says:
They were content to be amongst the staying behind, and it was imprinted on their minds and hearts, therefore they lack in understanding.

My personal note:
This Aya continues in reaffirming a theme that occurs a good bit in the Qur’an and that is one of the worse punishments for sins, especially the sins of not doing what we are supposed to do, is that it renders us susceptible to the problem of losing our moral compass and therefore drifting further astray.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Radoo: accepted/ lovingly accepted/ were content with accepting
Note: the root is R-Dhad-Y and it means accepting lovingly. RADOO is an action that is completed or will be completed. It means: the action of lovingly accepting happened in the conditional by the subject (third person plural).
Bian: in that
yakoonoo: They be/they happen to be
Note: YAKOONOO is derived from the root K-W-N and it means being. YAKOONOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: they be/ they happen to be.
maAAa: with
alkhawalifi: The staying behind
Note: the root is KH-L-F and it means behind in time or place or any other plane of thought. For time, it takes the meaning of what happens after or the future. ALKHAWALIF are the staying behind.
watubiAAa: and was stamped/ and was sealed
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. TUBiAAa is derived from the root TTA-B-Ain and it means the imprint of one entity upon another. This is then used for the stamp or seal or any imprint. It is also used to point to the general habits of people or entities, as if imprinted on us. It is also used, when followed by AAaLA to mean sealing or closing something, as in the case here. TUBiAAa is an action that is completed. It means: the action of sealing or closing the object (AAaLA Quloobihim= upon their hearts) happened by an undeclared subject.

AAala: upon
quloobihim: their hearts/ hearts and minds/ and their insides
Note: The root is Qaf-L-B and it means turning 180 degrees or upside down. The word is used for heart, because it is the organ that changes it’s moods often. Therefore QALB is our thoughts and emotions or what is inside us. QULOOBI are hearts and minds of or thoughts and emotions of. HIM means them.
fahum : so they, therefore they
la: not
Yafqahoona: they understand
YAFQAHOON is derived from the root F-Qaf-H and it means understanding. YAFQAHOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of understanding is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein