9:84

Salaam all,

9:84
وَلاَ تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِّنْهُم مَّاتَ أَبَدًا وَلاَ تَقُمْ عَلَىَ قَبْرِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كَفَرُواْ بِاللّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ
Wala tusalli AAala ahadin minhum mata abadan wala taqum AAala qabrihi innahum kafaroo biAllahi warasoolihi wamatoo wahum fasiqoona

The Aya says:
And do not (singular you) ritually pray upon any dead one of them ever, and do not stand vigil by his grave. They have rejected Allah and his messenger and died while outside the path.

My personal note:
This is a specific order to the prophet about a specific group of people that the Prophet knew and where the prophet was prohibited from praying the ritual funeral prayer. He was also prohibited from visiting their graves with the intentions of saying blessings on their dead souls.

The reason for this is that they have rejected Allah and his messenger and died as such. This kind of message has no clear applicability today because we cannot assume that a Muslim died as a non muslim as long as he/she did not declare their renunciation of Islam. It may apply in a sense of prohibiting muslims from praying the muslim funeral prayers on non muslims as a general rule.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Wala: and not
Tusalli: you (singular) ritually pray
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y or Sad-l-w and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In the majority of contexts, it points to ritual prayer. TUSALLI is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of ritually praying is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular). WALA Tusalli however takes an order form with the meaning: And do not ritually pray.

AAala: upon
ahadin: anyone/ a one
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one. AHADIN means a one or anyone
Minhum: of them/ from them
Mata: died
Note: the root is M-W-T and it means death or the opposite of life or the lack of voluntary movement or vigor. MATA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of death happened by the subject (third person singular).
Abadan: Forever
Note: the root is Hamza-B-D and it means Ever and a very long time. ABADAN means Ever or forever. The concrete word for ABD means wild or wild beast and the relationship is that in the desert where the houses are tents, the wilderness is the thing that lasts forever, or so it seemed to the Arabs.
Wala: and not
Taqum: stand/ make vigil/ visit
Note: the root is the root Qaf-W-M and it means standing upright or standing. The upright can be in all planes of position and for a horizontal dimension it means straight. TAQUM is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of standing upright is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person singular). WALA TAQUM has the context and meaning of “Do not stand/ do not make vigil/ visit and so on.”
AAala: upon
Qabrihi: his grave

Innahum: they/ they indeed
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
biAllahi: in Allah/ Allah
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. ALLAH is Allah. In here because it follows a verb that does not have an object the bi came to insert and object mainly.
warasoolihi: and His messenger/ His envoy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning. RASOOLIHI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULUN means messengers of and is the plural of RASOOL who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. RASOOLI means messenger of or the envoy of. HI means him and it points to Allah.

Wamatoo: and they died
Note: WA here for continuation of the subject. MATOO is derived from the root M-W-T and it means death or the opposite of life or the lack of voluntary movement or vigor. MATOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of death happened by the subject (third person singular).

Wahum: while they
fasiqoona: outside the path/ drifters from the path
Note: FASIQOONA is derived from the root F-S-Qaf and it means in concrete when the seed is out of it’s pod or when the rat is out of her house or causing harm to the regular path of the people. So, it is used for someone leaving the path or someone harming the safety of it. This is then understood as when one is out of the right place for them. In the Qur’an, it is used to mean being outside of God’s way.

Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein