Waisalhum AAani alqaryati allatee kanat hadirata albahri ith yaAAdoona fee alssabti ith tateehim heetanuhum yawma sabtihim shurraAAan wayawma layasbitoona la tateehim kathalika nabloohum bima kanoo yafsuqoona
And ask them about the town that was by the sea as they transgress on the Sabbath as their fish came to them on their day of Sabbath making a path through the water and on the other days they did not come. As such we test them by what they used to drift from the path.
The Aya is significant in that this town was tested by this kind of test not for fun but because they have already drifted from the path and therefore they tested further and drifted further from the path. It is a message for all of us to try as hard as we can to stay on the path so that we are not dragged further from the path by other tests that may lead us astray. May Allah give us the energy to stay on the path and protect us from our laziness on the path and from the side effects of our sins of omission and sins of committing the prohibitions.
One other question is whether the rules of the Sabbath still apply to the Muslims and the answer is that Muslims are supposed to leave everything they do and attend the Friday prayer unless in special circumstances but they are allowed to work outside of the time of the prayer of Friday. Muslim scholars understand this as a replacement and easing of the more restrictive rulings of the Sabbath that was upon the Jewish people before us. If a Jewish person converts to Islam then he or she comes under the Muslim ruling and therefore they do not need to continue to abide by the old Sabbath restrictions.
Waisalhum: and ask them
Note: WA here is to start a sentence with an and. ISALHUM is derived from the root S-Hamza-L and it means asking. It could be asking a question and it could be asking for help and so forth. ISALHUM is an order or a request addressed to a singular. It means: ask them.
AAani: about
Alqaryati: the town/ the village/ the city
Note: the root is Qaf-R-Y and it means the piece of land that is undivided or the body of water which collects water from the valleys and where people congregate to drink and water their animals. This is the concrete and it can be conceptually extended to mean town or village since the town or village is located where the water is located and it is a collection of people in it. ALQARYATI means: the village or town in here.
Allatee: which/ that
Kanat: happened to be/ was
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANAT is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular feminine pointing to the town). This in turn means: she was or she happened to be
Hadirata: present by/ situated by
Note: the root is ha-dhad-r and it means in one of the concrete meanings of city or village. This is then extended to the concept of the continuing presence, or continuing appearance or at times being present. HADIRATA means present by or situated by
Albahri: the sea/ the big water
Note: ALBAHRI is derived from the root B-Ha-R and it means big water. It is used to mean the sea or any big body of water.
yaAAdoona: they transgress/ they overstep boundary
Note: the root is Ain-D-W and it means running or overstepping boundaries since the running is a form of overstepping a boundary. Conceptually, it is also used to point to animosity since animosity stems from overstepping boundaries or enemies overstep boundaries of each other. YaAADOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of overstepping the boundaries or transgressing them is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). Although the tense is present or future it is talking about something of the past because of the structure of the sentence.
Fee: in/ on
Alssabti: The Sabath
Note: the word here is the Sabbath, or the day of rest. The root here is S-B-T and it means to rest.
Ith: as
Tateehim: come to them
Note: the root is Hamza-T-Y and it means in concrete the water that comes from the rain of another land. In concrete it means the coming of something or someone with many of it’s implications. TATEE is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of coming of the subject (Heetanuhum= their big fish) comes or will come to the object (HIM=them)
Heetanuhum: their big fish
Note: the root is Ha-W-T and it means big fish or just fish. HEETANU means big fish of. HUM means them.
yawma: day when/ day of
Note: YAWMA is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. YAWMA means day of or day when.
Sabtihim: their Sabbath/ their rest
Note: the word here is the Sabbath, or the day of rest. The root here is S-B-T and it means to rest. SABTIHIM means their Sabbath or their rest.
shurraAAan: making their way in the water
Note: The root is SH-R-Ain and it means in concrete: the well trodden path to the water where the water is plentiful, sustainable and ready to drink. Conceptually, the term is then used for any big road, or a habit/habits that are repeated much of the time. SHURRaAAaN means making their way in the water clearly and so on.
Note: WA means while in this place and context. YAWMA is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. YAWMA means day of or day when
La yasbitoona: no rest/ no Sabbath
Note: LA is for negation of the action. YASBITOONA is derived from the root S-B-T and it means to rest. YASBITOON is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of resting is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
la: not
tateehim: : come to them
Note: the root is Hamza-T-Y and it means in concrete the water that comes from the rain of another land. In concrete it means the coming of something or someone with many of it’s implications. TATEE is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of coming of the subject (Heetanuhum= their big fish) comes or will come to the object (HIM=them)
Kathalika: as such
Nabloohum: We test them
Note: the root is B-L-Y or B-L-W and it means test or testing. NABLOOHUM is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of testing is happening or will be happening of the object (HUM=them) by the subject (first person plural).
Bima: by what
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. In this sentence it signifies tools of why they were taken.
Kanoo: they happened to be/ they were
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal plural). This in turn means: they were or they happened to be
Yafsuqoona: drift from the path/ leave the path
Note: YAFSUQOONA is derived from the root F-S-Qaf and it means in concrete when the seed is out of it’s pod or when the rat is out of her house or causing harm to the regular path of the people. So, it is used for someone leaving the path or someone harming the safety of it. This is then understood as when one is out of the right place for them. In the Qur’an, it is used to mean being outside of God’s way. YAFSUQOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of leaving the path or drifting from the path is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural).
Salam all and have a great day.
Hussein
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