Wednesday, November 01, 2023

11:3

 Salaam all

11:3

 وَأَنِ ٱسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُوۤاْ إِلَيْهِ يُمَتِّعْكُمْ مَّتَاعاً حَسَناً إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى وَيُؤْتِ كُلَّ ذِي فَضْلٍ فَضْلَهُ وَإِن تَوَلَّوْاْ فَإِنِّيۤ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ كَبِيرٍ

 

wa-ani is`taghfirū rabbakum thumma tūbū ilayhi yumattiʿ`kum matāʿan asanan ilā ajalin musamman wayu`ti kulla dhī falin falahu wa-in tawallaw fa-innī akhāfu ʿalaykum ʿadhāba yawmin kabīrin

 

The Aya says:

And that you (plural) seek forgiveness/ protection from your nurturing Lord then return to him, He will fulfill your needs beautifully until an alloted term and bring to each deserving of bounty his due. And if you turn away then I fear for you the suffering of a big day.

 

My personal note:

I translated the word Istaghfiroo as protection in addition to forgiveness. It is usually translated as forgiveness but the root is based on protection.  So when we ask forgiveness we are asking protection from the harm of the sin.  I also translated TOOBOO as return when it is often translated as repentance and that is also because repentance is a return to Allah.  The Aya seems to suggest that seeking protection as a start and then return to Allah as a followup.

 

Translation of the transliterated words:

wa-ani: and that

is`taghfirū: you (plural) ask forgiveness/ ask protective cover

Note: the root is GH-F-R or Ghain-F-R and it means covering for protection. The concrete word is the helmet of the fighter. In the Qur’an the usual context is protection from the consequences of poor actions or sins. ISTAGHFIROO is an order or a request addressed to a group.  It means ask or seek protective cover and that is  part of forgiveness (asking protection from the harm of the sin).

rabbakum: your Lord/ your nurturing Lord

Note: the root is R-B-B and it means nurturing and Lordship as two components of the meaning that can be present together or one at a time according to the context of the sentence.   RABBA is nurturing Lord of.  KUM means plural you.

 

Thumma: then

Tūbū: repent/ return

Note: the root is  T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. TOOBOO is an order or a request addressed to a group.  It means repent or return.

Ilayhi: to Him/ towards Him

yumattiʿ`kum: He helps you (plural) achieve

Note: the root is M-T-Ain and it means when the wine becomes very red or when the rope becomes tight. This is the concrete and the concept gives the meaning of something or someone reaching where it needs to reach within the limits of time, space, etc. YUMATTiAAaKUM is an action that is being completed or will be completed.  It means: the action of making the object (KUM=plural you) fulfil their needs is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah)

 

matāʿan: Goals/ achievments/ fulfilling needs

Note: root M-T-Ain and it means when the wine becomes very red or when the rope becomes tight. This is the concrete and the concept gives the meaning of something or someone reaching where it needs to reach within the limits of time, space, etc. MATTaAAaN is the goal or need or fulfillment that needs to be achieved.

 

asanan: Good. Beautiful/ beautifully

Note: the root is Ha-S-N and it means beauty and goodness in all the aspects of beauty and goodness. HASANAN is good or beautiful or done well.

 

Ilā: to/ till/ towards

Ajalin: time limit/ time span

Note: the root is Hamza-J-L and it means end of an entity. This entity can be time or place or anything that is determined by the sentence. AJALUN means end of time or time span of an entity. 

 

Musamman: named/ designated

Note: the root is S-M-W and it means rising. This word is used to mean many things that are related to that meaning. One of the meanings is name because when a person’s name is called, he or she would rise and respond.  MUSAMMAN means named already or raised or designated.

wayu`ti: and He brings/ including He brings/provides

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture.  WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better.  Yu’TI is derived from the root Hamza-T-Y and it means coming with determination. The concrete word is for the water that flows in a place where it did not rain, therefore suggesting that the water came from somewhere else. YU’TI is an is an action that is being completed or will be completed.  It means the action of making an object (Fadlah= bounty/ blessing) come to another object (KULLA thee Fadlin= each with blessinig) is happening or will be happening by the subject (Third person singular)

 

Kulla: each/ every

Note: KULLA is derived from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete and it means all or every or each. It can also be extended conceptually to mean the parts surrounding an entity. KULLA means every, or each.

 

Dhī: person of/ one of/ person deserving of

falin: bounty/ blessing

Note: FADLIN is derived from the root F-Dhad-L and it means overflowing of good or being able to fulfill all your needs from an entity and then still have more of it spared. It can also mean abundance due to the same reason. FADHIN means the abundance of.

 

falahu: his blessing/ his bounty/ his due of bounty or blessing

Note: FADLAHU is derived from the root F-Dhad-L and it means overflowing of good or being able to fulfill all your needs from an entity and then still have more of it spared. It can also mean abundance due to the same reason. FADHLI means the abundance of. HU means him and points to Allah.

 

wa-in: And if/ while if

tawallaw: you (plural) turn away/ ignore/ reject

Note: the root is W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardian and protégé relationship where the protégé follows the guardians leadership and the leader protects them.  TAWALLAW is an action that is being completed or will be completed.  It means: the action of following own direction is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).  In this context it points to following a direction other than the path of Allah.

fa-innī: Then I

akhāfu: fear/ worry

Note: the root is KH-W-F and it means fear. AKHAFU is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of fearing is happeneing or will be happening by the subject (first person singular).

 

ʿalaykum: on you (plural)/ about you

ʿadhāba: suffering of/ punishment of

Note: AAaTHAB is derived from the root Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHABA is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering of or punishment of.

 

Yawmin: day/ A day

Note: It is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day or a full time cycle. YAWM means a day or a time cycle.

 Kabīrin: big

Note: the root is K-B-R and it means big in quality or quantity or any other feature that denotes bigness.  KABIR means big

 

 Salaam all and have a great day


Hussein


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