4:136

Salaam all,

This is 4:136
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ آمِنُواْ بِاللّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِيَ أَنزَلَ مِن قَبْلُ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِاللّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلاَلاً بَعِيدًا
Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo aminoo biAllahi warasoolihi waalkitabi allathee nazzala AAala rasoolihi waalkitabi allathee anzala min qablu waman yakfur biAllahi wamalaikatihi wakutubihi warusulihi waalyawmi alakhiri faqad dalla dalalan baAAeedan

The aya says:
O those who made themselves safe, make your selves safe in Allah and His envoy and the book that He (Allah) descended upon his envoy and the book that He brought down from before. And whoever rejects Allah and His angels and His books and His envoys and the Day of Judgment then he indeed lost the path, by far.

My personal note:
I wanted to reiterate the issue of Iman as being safety rather than mere belief. It is because the word covers safety in the existence of the entity, but also attaining safety from that entity. This means that when we have safety in an entity, then we feel that nothing but good comes from it.

This Aya carries the five pillars of Iman that are agreed upon by ALL Sunni Muslim scholars. There is a sixth pillar agreed upon by the majority of the Sunni scholars but not mentioned in this Aya. This is the issue of QADAR. I will not delve in it here because the Aya does not cover it, but it is a concept that is often disagreed upon in Islamic history and often misunderstood or misapplied.

I decided today to translate RASOOL as envoy rather than the more commonly used messenger. I probably will stick with this definition from now on because it coveys the message a little better. A Rasool does not only carry the message, but conveys and applies it, something that is more involved than a mere messenger and that is why I feel envoy is more fitting.

Translation of the translated words:
Ya ayyuha allatheena: O those who
Note: the three words used here are callings.
Amanoo: made themselves safe
Note: the root is Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. AMANOO is an action that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the same entity here) become safe happened by the subject (third person plural). So, it ends up meaning: they made themselves safe.

Amino: make yourselves safe/ trust
Note: the root is Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. AMINOO is an order or a request that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: make yourselves safe or make yourselves trust.
biAllahi: by Allah/ in Allah
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. ALLAH is Allah

Warasoolihi: and His messenger/ envoy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. RASOOLI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RRASOOLI means envoy or messenger of. HI means Him and it points to Allah.

Waalkitabi: and the book/ and the communicated knowledge
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ALKITAB is derived from the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and/or the ideas together. ALKITABI means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together. In a sense, it points to the collection of knowledge and information that are communicated.

Allathee: that/ which
Nazzala: He made come down/ He made arrive
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. NAZZALA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making arrive or making descend happened by the subject (third person singular).
AAala: upon
Rasoolihi: His messenger/ envoy
RASOOLI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RASOOLI means envoy or messenger of. HI means Him and it points to Allah.
Waalkitabi: and the book/ and the communicated knowledge
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ALKITAB is derived from the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and/or the ideas together. ALKITABI means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together. In a sense, it points to the collection of knowledge and information that are communicated.

Allathee: that/ which
Anzala: He made come down/ He made arrive
Note: the root is N-Z-L and it carries the meaning of arrival to stay and descent. One concrete meaning is the descent of the person from his or her horse or camel as they arrive at the place where they plan to stay. ANZALA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making arrive or making descend happened by the subject (third person singular).
Min: from
Qablu: before
Note: the root Qaf-B-L and it means front. This is then carried in time or space or any plain of thought. If it is in time, then front means before, while place would be in front. It is used to mean acceptance and reception since we receive and accept using our fronts. QABLU here is front in time and that is before.
Waman: and whoever. While whoever
Yakfur: rejects/ discards
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. YAKFUR is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (Allah, coming up) is happening or will be happening by the subject (first person singular).
biAllahi: by Allah/ in Allah
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. ALLAH is Allah
Wamalaikatihi: and his angels/ and his messengers
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. MALAIKATIHI is derived from the root L-Hamza-K and it means messenger. MALAIKATI means messengerof and is used for the angels since they are the messengers of God to his people and messengers. HI means him or his.
Wakutubihi: and His books
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. KUTUBIHI is derived from the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and/or the ideas together. KUTUBI means books of. HI means him or his and it points to God.

Warusulihi: and his messengers/ envoys
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. RUSULIHI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULI means messengers of and is the plural of Rasul who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. HI means his and it points to God.
Waalyawmi: and the day.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ALYAWMI is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. ALYAWMI means: the day.
Alakhiri: the last/ the remaining/ the later
Note: ALAKHIRI is derived from the root Hamza-KH-R and it means remaining. ALAKHIRI means the remaining or the later. This, in turn means the later life or the life after death. ALYAWMI ALAKHIRI MEANS literally: The last day or the remaining day or the later day and they all point to the Day of Judgment.
Faqad: then indeed
Dalla: lost the path/ become misguided
Note: the root is Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the path or road in concrete terminology. Conceptually, it is used for any form of loosing the path, whether it is the path to a location or to the truth, or to be correct spiritually and so on. The imagery is very strong since loosing the path in the desert can mean near certain death. DALLA is an action that is completed. It means: the actions of loosing the path, or becoming misguided happened by the subject (third person singular).
Dalalan: a state of perdition/ loss of path/ misguidance
Note: the root is Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the path or road in concrete terminology. Conceptually, it is used for any form of loosing the path, whether it is the path to a location or to the truth, or to be correct spiritually and so on. The imagery is very strong since loosing the path in the desert can mean near certain death. DALALAN is a state of being lost or in perdition or misguidance.
baAAeedan: far
Note: the root is b-ain-d and it means further in time or space. in space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAAeeDAN means far according to the plane of thought. In this context, it seems to fit with distant.

Salaam all and have a great day.

Hussein