11:21

 Salaam all

11:21

أُوْلَـٰئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَسِرُوۤاْ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَّا كَانُواْ يَفْتَرُونَ

 

ulāika alladhīna khasirū anfusahum waḍalla ʿanhum mā kānū yaftarūna

 

The aya says:

Those are the ones who failed themselves and what they concocted became lost.

 

My personal note:

The Aya explains that when we make things up and not abide by the truth then we are the losers in the end.  So, we need to pay attention.

 

Translation of the transliterated words:

ulāika: those

alladhīna: who

khasirū: lost/ failed

Note: the root is KH-S-R and it means to lose or become defeated or failing.  KHASIROO is an action that is completed or will be completed.  It means: the action of loss happened by the subject (third person plural)

 

Anfusahum: themselves

Note: NAFS is derived from the root N-F-S and it means to breath. This is the concept and then it can extend to self or anything that breathes. ANFUS is plural of self.  ANFUSA means selves of.  HUM meansn them. 

 

waḍalla: and got lost/ and became unretrievable

Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture.  WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better.  DALLA  is derived from the root Dhad-L-L and it means getting lost as in lost the path or road in concrete terminology. Conceptually, it is used for any form of loosing the path, whether it is the path to a location or to the truth, or to be correct spiritually and so on. The imagery is very strong since loosing the path in the desert can mean near certain death. DALLA is an action that is completed. It means: the actions of loosing the path, or becoming misguided happened by the subject (third person singular or plural).

ʿanhum: for them/ away from them

Mā: what

Kānū: they used to/ they were

Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being.  KANOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal plural).  This in turn means: they were/ they happened to be

 Yaftarūna: concoct/ makeup

Note: the root is F-R-W or F-R-Y and it means the fur of the animal or the scalp that is normally covered with hair. This word is used when people are concocting things and making things up that are not true. It could be related to the action of cutting the skin apart or making things up as in making a dress out of the skin and so forth. YAFTAROON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of concocting or making up untruths is or will be made to happen by the subject (third person plural).  Because it was preceded by the KANOO it is something in the past although the tense is the present or future tense.

 

 Salaam all and have a great day

Hussein