4:11

Salaam all,

This is 4:11
يُوصِيكُمُ اللّهُ فِي أَوْلاَدِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الأُنثَيَيْنِ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَاء فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ وَإِن كَانَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَلَهَا النِّصْفُ وَلأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا السُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُ أَبَوَاهُ فَلأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُ إِخْوَةٌ فَلأُمِّهِ السُّدُسُ مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِي بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ آبَآؤُكُمْ وَأَبناؤُكُمْ لاَ تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعاً فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ اللّهِ إِنَّ اللّهَ كَانَ عَلِيما حَكِيمًا
Yooseekumu Allahu fee awladikum lilththakari mithlu haththi alonthayayni fain kunna nisaan fawqa ithnatayni falahunna thulutha ma taraka wain kanat wahidatan falaha alnnisfu waliabawayhi likulli wahidin minhuma alssudusu mimma taraka in kana lahu waladun fain lam yakun lahu waladun wawarithahu abawahu faliommihi alththuluthu fain kana lahu ikhwatun faliommihi alssudusu min baAAdi wasiyyatin yoosee biha aw daynin abaokum waabnaokum la tadroona ayyuhum aqrabu lakum nafAAan fareedatan mina Allahi inna Allaha kana AAaleeman hakeeman

The Aya says:
Allah asks you to entrust in your children. To the male belongs (what is) the take of the two females. So, if they were women more than two, then to them belongs two thirds of what he left. And if she was one, then to her belongs the half. And to his parents, to each of them the sixth of what he left, if he had children. So, if he did not have children and his parents inherited him, then to his mother belongs the third. So, if he had siblings, then to his mother belongs the sixth after a will he wills or a debt. Your parents and your children, you do not know who of them is nearer to you in benefit. (this is) binding from Allah. Indeed, Allah happened to be knowledgeable, Wise.

My personal note:
This is the Aya of the inheritance. It establishes rules that are binding. The first rule is that the first thing to do before dividing the inheritance, is pay the debts and if there is a will, then it has to be taken out before the division of the inheritance.

This Aya brings the issue of the male children inheriting double what the female children inherit. Of course, this will bring lots of discussion which will take a lot of time as for why and so forth.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Yooseekumu: He asks you to entrust/ pay attention/ take care/ makes you (plural) will
Note: the root is W-Sad-Y and it means in concrete terms the plants that are interconnected together so that you would not be able to tell where one ends and the other starts. Conceptually, it is used when one person asks others to take care or business or persons and so forth. Therefore it is used for the will of the deceased but also for any occasion when one asks another to take care of some issue.. The essence of the meaning is the continuing legacy or connecting legacy of one person to another through the will or the asking to take care of an issue or more. YOOSEEKUM is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (kum=plural you) to take care of /pay attention/ be entrusted another object (Awladikum= your children) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Allahu: Allah
Fee: in
Awladikum: your children
Note: the root is W-L-D and it means giving birth or conceiving. AWLADI are the products of giving birth or conceiving. AWLADIKUM means: your children.
Lilththakari: to the male belongs
Note: LI means to and here it means belongs to. AKTHTHAKARI is derived from the root TH-K-R and it means many things that may or may not be related. One concrete meaning is male organ or male. ALTHTHAKARI means the male. This also can be extended to mean active, hard and non receptive.
Mithlu: similar to/ equal to
Note: the root M-TH-L and it means similitude or similar. MITHLU means similitude of or similar to. Conceptually, it can also be understood as the example of or equal to.
Haththi: chance of/ take of
Note: the root is Ha-THA-THA and it means: chance as in what one takes by chance or take of a person from what is available of good and so on. HATHTHI means chance of. In the context of this sentence it is talking about the take or right in inheritance.
Alonthayayni: the two females
Note: the root is Hamza-N-Th and it means female. This word is further used to any entity that is soft, passive and receptive as opposed to male which is generally used for active and hard and non receptive. ALONTHAYAYNI means: the two females.

Fain: so if
Kunna: they were/ they happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUNNA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal plural feminine which excludes any males from being included). This in turn means: they were or they happened to be (all women).
Nisaan: women
Note: NISAAN is derived from two potential roots that may be related to it. The first N-S-Y and it is the one used for women. This same root is used for the sciatic nerve as a concrete word and for forgetting. The relation between the different meanings is only in an indirect manner. Another root is N-S-Hamza and it means putting things behind in time or space of delaying things. Concrete words are the women that have a delay in the menses because of possibility of pregnancy. NISAAN means women.
Fawqa: above of
Note: the root is F-W-Qaf and it means above or rising (aboving). FAWQA means above of.
Ithnatayni: two women
Note: the root is TH-N-Y and it means to fold something. This is then used to make the one two through folding and other meanings. ITHNATAYNI means two females
Falahunna: then to them belongs
Thulutha: two thirds of/ two of three of
Note: the root is root Th-L-Th and it means three. THULUTHA is two of three or two thirds.
Ma: what
Taraka: he left / he left behind
Note: TARAKA is derived from the T-R-K and it means what was left. In concrete it is used at times for the egg shell after the little bird has hatched. TARAKA is an action that is completed that is related to the root. This means: the action of leaving something behind happened by the subject (third person singular).
Wain: and if
Kanat: she was/ she happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANAT is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular feminine). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be
Wahidatan: one/ single female
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one or a single unit. WAHIDATAN means one or single and feminine.
Falaha: then to her belongs
Alnnisfu: the half
Note: the root is N-Sad-F and it means in concrete the division of an entity into two equal parts. Conceptually it is used for half and can be extended to justice and because of dividing in the middle. ANNISFU here means the half or one of the two equal parts of the inheritance.
Waliabawayhi: and to his two parents
Likulli: to each belongs
Note: Li means to. KULLI is derived from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete and it means all or every or each. KULL means each or every.
Wahidin; one
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one or a single unit. WAHIDIN means one or single. The gender here is masculine which is sexually inclusive, therefore covering males and females. This is opposed to the feminine form which covers only the feminine.
Minhuma: of the two
Alssudusu; the sixth
Note: the root is S-D-S and it means six, although when pronounced it comes as SITTA where the D and the S at the end become a strong T. SUDUS is one of six or sixth.
Mimma; of what
taraka: He left/ he left behind
Note: TARAKA is derived from the T-R-K and it means what was left. In concrete it is used at times for the egg shell after the little bird has hatched. TARAKA is an action that is completed that is related to the root. This means: the action of leaving something behind happened by the subject (third person singular).
In: if
kana: He happened to be/ he was
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be
Lahu: to him/ belongs to him
Waladun: child
Note: the root is W-L-D and it means giving birth or conceiving. WALADUN is the products of giving birth or conceiving.
Fain: so if
Lam: not
Yakun: happen to be/ is
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. YAKUN is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being is happening or will be happening by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He is or He happens to be
lahu: to him/ belongs to him
waladun: : child
Note: the root is W-L-D and it means giving birth or conceiving. WALADUN is the products of giving birth or conceiving.
Wawarithahu: and inherited him
Note: Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. WARITHAHU is derived from the root W-R-TH and it means inheritance or inheriting. WARITHA is an action that is completed. It means the action of inheriting the object HU= him, happened by the subject (abawahu=his two parents).
Abawahu: his two parents
Note: the root is Hamza-B and it means father or parent. ABAWA means the two parents of. HU means him.
Faliommihi: then to his mother belongs
Note: Fa means then or so or therefore. LI means to or belongs to and so on. OMMIHI is derived from the root Hamza-M-M and it means mother or sources/origin if said as UMM and destination if said as AMM. OMMI means mother of. HI means him.
Alththuluthu: one third/ one of three
Note: the root is root Th-L-Th and it means three. ALTHTHULUTHU is one of three or one third.
Fain: so if
kana: He happened to be/ he was
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be
Lahu: to him/ belongs to him
Ikhwatun: siblings/ brothers
Note: the root is Hamza-KH and it means brother. IKHWATUN means brothers and as masculine plural, it is sex inclusive of males and females.
Faliommihi: then to his mother belongs
Note: Fa means then or so or therefore. LI means to or belongs to and so on. OMMIHI is derived from the root Hamza-M-M and it means mother or sources/origin if said as UMM and destination if said as AMM. OMMI means mother of. HI means him.
Alssudusu: the sixth
Note: the root is S-D-S and it means six, although when pronounced it comes as SITTA where the D and the S at the end become a strong T. SUDUS is one of six or sixth.
Min: from
baAAdi: after
Note: the root is B-Ain-D and it means further in time or space. In space it means farther in distance and in time, it means after. BaAADI here means: after.
Wasiyyatin: a will
Note: the root is W-Sad-Y and it means in concrete terms the plants that are interconnected together so that you would not be able to tell where one ends and the other starts. Conceptually, it is used when one person asks others to take care or business or persons and so forth. Therefore it is used for the will of the deceased but also for any occasion when one asks another to take care of some issue.. The essence of the meaning is the continuing legacy or connecting legacy of one person to another through the will or the asking to take care of an issue or more. WASIYYATIN is a will.
Yoosee: He asks to entrust/ he wills
Note: the root is W-Sad-Y and it means in concrete terms the plants that are interconnected together so that you would not be able to tell where one ends and the other starts. Conceptually, it is used when one person asks others to take care or business or persons and so forth. Therefore it is used for the will of the deceased but also for any occasion when one asks another to take care of some issue.. The essence of the meaning is the continuing legacy or connecting legacy of one person to another through the will or the asking to take care of an issue or more. YOOSEE is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of entrustung the object (biha= in her the will) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to the person of the will).
Biha: by Her/ Her/ in Her
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. HA means her and it points to the will.
Aw: or
Daynin: debt
Note: the root is D-Y-N and it means obligation in general. This obligation could be a debt that has to paid back or a law that has to be abided by. DAYNIN means debt.
Abaokum: Your parents
Note: the root is Hamza-B and it means father or parent and it can extend to ancestors conceptually. ABAO means parents of. KUM means plural you.
Waabnaokum: and your children
Note: Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ABNAOKUM is derived from the root B-N-Y and it means building and it also mean son or child. The relationship between the two meanings is that the son is the product of building the family. Here, it is used to mean child or son. ABNAO means children of. KUM means plural you.
La: not/ no
Tadroona: you (plural) know
Note: the root is D-R-Y and it means knowledge. TADROONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing is being completed or will be completed by the subject (second person plural).
Ayyuhum: who of them
Aqrabu: nearer
Note: the root is Qaf-R-B and it means nearing or becoming near. AQRABU means: nearer. The nearer can point to the people who are near as friend or family. The context will explain it in the coming words.
Lakum: to you (plural)
nafAAan: benefit
Note: the root is N-F-Ain and it means benefit. NAFAAan means benefit or benefitting.
Fareedatan: binding/ obligated
Note: the root is F-R-Dhad and it means obligation or obligatory. FAREEDATAN means made obligated/ binding.
Mina: from
Allahi: Allah
Inna: indeed
Allaha: happened to be
kana: He happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be
AAaleeman: knowledgeable
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. AAaLEEM is the one that is very knowledgeable.
Hakeeman: wise
Note: The root is Ha-K-M and it means the steer that steers the animal. This word is used for ruling and judging as well as other meanings of steering including not only decisions but actions as well. The best steerer is the one that uses the best tools to steer and that is the Arabic definition of wisdom. HAKEEMAN means wise.

Salaam all and have a great evening

Hussein