4:103

Salaam all,

this is 4:103
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلاَةَ فَاذْكُرُواْ اللّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَى جُنُوبِكُمْ فَإِذَا اطْمَأْنَنتُمْ فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلاَةَ إِنَّ الصَّلاَةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَّوْقُوتًا

Faitha qadaytumu alssalata faothkuroo Allaha qiyaman waquAAoodan waAAala junoobikum faitha itmanantum faaqeemoo alssalata inna alssalata kanat AAala almumineena kitaban mawqootan

The Aya says:
So when you completed the ritual prayer, then remember and mention Allah standing and sitting and on your sides. So, when you became secure, then perform the ritual prayer. Indeed, the ritual prayer, happened to be, upon the ones who make themselves safe (in Allah and the message), a timed book.

My personal note:
This Aya tells us that in the time of insecurity as in battle or fear, the short prayer should be followed by mentioning and remembering God. Once that is over and the time of security comes, then the regular prayer comes back in full length.

The Aya then reminds us that the ritual prayers are timed upon us. This means that they have to be done in their times and many other potential meanings as well.

I want to bring attention to the term ITMANANTUM which I translated as you became secure. This root TTa-M-N gives a little stronger sense of safety than the root Hamza-M-N. That is why I used the term security here for that word. So, people who have TAMANINA have the greatest degree of Iman.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Faitha: so if/ when
Qadaytumu: you (plural)finished/ fulfilled / completed
Note: the root Qaf-Dhad-Y and it means a mandate that one makes to completion of it and anything in between. It points to determination at the beginning and the finishing of it towards the end. The meaning of the word is according to the sentence, sometimes the sentence allows the whole range and at others, part of the range of the meaning. QADAYTUMU is an action that is completed. It means: the mandate object (ALSSALATA= the ritual prayer) happened or was completed by the subject (second person plural).
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Faothkuroo: then mention and remember
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. It can often point to what happens right after an action and this could apply here. OTHKUROO is derived from the root TH-K-R and it means mention and remember, at the same time. The concrete word is something running on the tongue as if speaking it. Another concrete word is male or the male organ. The relationship between the two is not very clear and they can be different words that share the sound but have different root. It could be that the male is considered the active organ and that memory is an active process, but that is only a theory. OTHKUROO is a demand or request addressing a group. It means: mention and remember at the same time.
Allaha: Allah
Qiyaman: standing
Note: the root is Q-W-M and it means standing upright. QIYAMAN is the standing upright or upright standing.
waquAAoodan: and sitting
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. QuAAooDAN is derived from the root Qaf-Ain-D and it means sitting. Conceptually, it carries the meaning of staying in place and not moving/act or not wanting to move or act in addition to sitting. QuAAooDAN means the state of sitting.
waAAala: and on
junoobikum: your sides
Note: the root is J-N-B and it means side of an entity. This word then takes many meanings according to the context. Here, JUNOOBI means sides of. KUM means plural you.
Faitha: so if/ when
Itmanantum: You reached calmness/ security
Note: ITMANANTUM is derived from the root TTa-M-N and it means calmness and feeling secure or peaceful. ITMANANTUM is an action that is derived from the root that is completed. It means: the action of becoming calm or secure happened by the subject (second person plural)
faaqeemoo: then you (plural) uphold/ perform/ lead
Note: FA means therefore or so or then. AQEEMOO is derived from the root Qaf-W-M and it means standing upright or standing. The upright can be in all planes of position and for a horizontal dimension it means straight. AQEEMOO is an order or a request addressed to a group. It means here: Uphold or perform or lead.
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Inna: indeed
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Kanat: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANAT is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular feminine pointing to ALSSALATA). This in turn means: she was or she happened to be
AAala: upon
Almumineena: the ones who made themselves safe
Note: the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. ALMUMINEENA means ones who make themselves safe.
Kitaban: a book
Note: the root K-T-B and it means putting things together as in grouping the herd together or closing the lips or writing (the most common use), because in writing, one puts the letters and the ideas together. KITABAN means, the process of writing or the book or anything related to it from the ideas to the ink and paper to the place where all is put together. It also can mean, in this context: a collection or combination of acts and recitations (as happens in the ritual prayer) put together.
Mawqootan: timed
Note: the root is W-Qaf-T and it means a measure of timing. MAWQOOTAN means timed.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein