3:153

Salaam all,

This is 3:153
إِذْ تُصْعِدُونَ وَلاَ تَلْوُونَ عَلَى أحَدٍ وَالرَّسُولُ يَدْعُوكُمْ فِي أُخْرَاكُمْ فَأَثَابَكُمْ غُمَّاً بِغَمٍّ لِّكَيْلاَ تَحْزَنُواْ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكُمْ وَلاَ مَا أَصَابَكُمْ وَاللّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ
Ith tusAAidoona wala talwoona AAala ahadin waalrrasoolu yadAAookum fee okhrakum faathabakum ghamman bighammin likayla tahzanoo AAala ma fatakum wala ma asabakum waAllahu khabeerun bima taAAmaloona

The Aya says:
As/when you (plural) move upwards, and not turning back for anyone, while the messenger is calling you in your rear/ remainder, so He rewarded you worry for worry. In order so that you will not be sad on what you missed that passed you and not what hit you. And Allah (is) well informed in what you do.

My personal note:
This Aya continues the theme from the Aya before it. It describes the situation that happened and that is the Muslims or the majority of them were moving uphill, while the messenger remained behind and was calling them but they were not turning back. The Aya mentions that God gave them worry in place for the worry that the messenger endured in that situation. The Aya ends up with stating that the worry that happened to them is in order for them not to be saddened by what happened, nor what hit them for that battle was not a complete disaster and the Muslim community of Medina survived and thrived after it. The Aya ends up informing the Muslims that God is well informed in what we do.

Translation of the transliterated words:

Ith: as/ when
tusAAidoona: you (plural) move upwards/ you move with hardship/ move
Note: the root is Sad-Ain-D and it means moving upwards or uphill in concrete form. Conceptually, it can mean moving uphill or difficulty or just traveling or hardship since moving upwards is harder than downward. TUSAAiDOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of moving upwards or moving with hardship or just moving is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural)
Wala: and not/ while not
Talwoona: turn back/ you (plural) twist
Note: the root is L-W-Y and it means twisting. Then it is used as a concept in many areas including turn back or look back. TALWOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of twisting/ turning back or looking back is happening or will be happening by the subject (Second person plural).
AAala: on/ over/ upon
Ahadin: one/ anyone
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one or a single unit. AHADIN means one or anyone.
Waalrrasoolu: While the envoy/messenger or and the envoy/messenger
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ALRRASOOLU is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. ALRRASOOLA means the envoy or the messenger.
yadAAookum: is calling you/ He calls you (plural)
Note: the root is D-Ain-Y and it means calling as in calling someone for help or otherwise. YADAAoo is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means that the action of calling or calling upon is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular) to the object KUM= plural you.
Fee: in
Okhrakum: your (plural) rear/ your remaining group
Note: the root Hamza-KH-R and it means remaining. This is then taken in a conceptual manner as to mean the last, the one in the rear or at the end and so forth. OKHRA means remaining of and here it can take one of two meanings: the rear of or the remaining group of. KUM means plural you.
Faathabakum: therefore, He made you rewarded/ made you paid off
Note: Fa means then or therefore or so. ATHABAKUM is derived from the root TH-W-B and it means to come and return (to fill and refill of goodness). Concrete words are MATHAB which is the well or pool that fills and refills with water and where people go and return for watering. Another concrete word is THAWB and it means dress because we fill it and refill it with our bodies. ATHABA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rewarding or paying off happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to God) to the object KUM= plural you.
Ghamman: cloudy mood/ worry
Note: The root is GH-M-M and it means clouding for the concrete or anything that makes the light less intense. As a concept, it takes the meaning of darker or cloudy mood or worry. GHAMMAN means cloudy mood/ dark mood/ worry.
Bighammin: by/for cloudy mood/worry
Note: Bi suggests that what comes after it is either an association with the action, a tool of the action or an object of the action or any combination of the three. If bi serves as an object of the action that it serves as an emphasis of the action. GHAMMIN is derived from the root GH-M-M and it means clouding for the concrete or anything that makes the light less intense. As a concept, it takes the meaning of darker or cloudy mood or worry. GHAMMIN means cloudy mood/ dark mood/ worry.
Likayla: in order not to
Tahzanoo: you (plural) become sad/ you regret
Note: the root is Ha-Z-N and it means sadness/ being worried or being sorry. All the meanings are related in the sense of sadness or anxiety and regret at the same time. TAHZANOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of sadness or regret or worry is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
AAala: on/ over
Ma: what
Fatakum: passed you and you missed it
Note: the root is F-W-T and it means: when the entity already happened and was missed by others. FATA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of happening and being missed by the object (kum=plural you) happened by the subject (MA= what)
Wala: and not
Ma: What
Asabakum: hit you (plural)/ targeted and hit you
Note: the root Sad-W-B and it means in one of the concrete usages the rain falling on a place. This word is then used to mean targeting and hitting correctly. ASABA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means the hitting of the object (Kum= plural you) was made to happen by the subject (MA=what)
waAllahu: while Allah/ and Allah
khabeerun: knowledgeable/ well informed
Note: the root is KH-B-R and it means information or informing. KHABEER is the one that is well informed and who informs others as well.
Bima: in what/ with what
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. MA means what
taAAmaloona: you (plural) do
Note: the root is Ain-M-L and it means doing. TaAAMALOONA is derived from the root and is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of doing is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein