3:159

Salaam all,

This is 3:159
فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللّهِ لِنتَ لَهُمْ وَلَوْ كُنتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ الْقَلْبِ لاَنفَضُّواْ مِنْ حَوْلِكَ فَاعْفُ عَنْهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ وَشَاوِرْهُمْ فِي الأَمْرِ فَإِذَا عَزَمْتَ فَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللّهِ إِنَّ اللّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَوَكِّلِينَ
Fabima rahmatin mina Allahi linta lahum walaw kunta faththan ghaleetha alqalbi lainfaddoo min hawlika faoAAfu AAanhum waistaghfir lahum washawirhum fee alamri faitha AAazamta fatawakkal AAala Allahi inna Allaha yuhibbu almutawakkileena

The Aya says:
So, by what mercy from Allah, you (singular) became easy going to them, and if you were harsh, hard hearted, then they would have dispersed from around you. Therefore, forgive them and seek protective cover for them and consult them in the implement. So, when/if you (singular) decided, then make yourself entrust guarantee on Allah. Indeed, Allah loves the ones who entrust (His guarantee).

My personal note:
TAWAKKAL is a word that is hard to translate. I translated it as entrust guarantee or guardianship. It is a little more than that. It carries the meaning of making a decision and working hard on it and then entrusting in God that He will take it to completion.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Fabima: so by what
Rahmatin: mercy
Note: RAHMATIN is derived from the root R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. In the abstract, it means all the positive things that a womb does. Therefore, RAHMATIN means mercy, which is the closest word to what the womb does.
Mina: from
Allahi: Allah
Linta: You became soft/ easy going
Note: the root is L-Y-N and it means softness or the opposite of difficult and harsh. Conceptually, it is used for softness and ease. LINTA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of becoming soft happened by the subject (second person singular pointing to the prophet pbuh)
Lahum: to them
Walaw: and if
Kunta: you (singular) were/ happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUTA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (second person singular). This in turn means: You (singular) were or you happened to be.
Faththan: harsh
Note: the root is F-THA-THA and it means harshness. FATHTHAN means harsh in a conceptual manner as in harsh in words and deeds.
Ghaleetha: thick of/ hard of
Note: the root is Gh- L-THA and it means thick or hard in a conceptual manner. The meaning becomes specific by the context of the sentence. GHALEETHA means thick or hard of.
Alqalbi: the heart
Note: The root is Qaf-L-B and it means turning 180 degrees or upside down. The word is used for heart, because it is the organ that changes it’s moods often. Therefore QALB is our thoughts and emotions. ALQALBI is the hearth and mind or thoughts and emotions. Ghaleetha AlQalbi means thick hearted which gives the meaning of an insensitive unsympathetic person.
Lainfaddoo: then they would have dispersed/ they would have broken apart
Note: LA means then and here it is a response to the conditional statement before (law kunta= if you were). INFADDOO is derived from the root F-Dhad-Dhad and it means the breaking of an entity and the dispersal of it’s contents or things associated with it. INFADDOO is an action that happened or would have happened if the condition was met. It means the action of breaking apart of dispersal happened or would have happened to the object (third person plural) by an undeclared subject (could be the object itself or otherwise).
Min: from
Hawlika: around you (singular)
Note: the root is Ha-W-L and it means cycle or circle or surrounding. This means anything that goes in circles of time of space or other wise but also for any entity that surrounds another or around another. HAWLI means around of. KA means singular you.
faoAAfu: then forgive/ then erase their transgressions
Note: Fa means then or so or therefore. oAAFU is derived from the root Ain-F-W and it means erasing with an eraser. This is the concrete and in abstract it means forgive or give up something, because that means you erase it from your record, either by forgiving or by giving something to someone else. oAAFU is an order addressing a singular. It means forgive.
AAanhum: away from them/ about them/ in their stead/ from their stead.
Note: AAan has multiple meanings that are determined by the context. It has the general meaning of about. However, at times, it takes the meaning of away from. The determinants are the sentence and the verbs or actions that precede the AAan. This is the case here.
Waistaghfir: and seek protective cover/ and seek forgiveness
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. ISTAGHFIR is derived from the root GH-F-R and it means the helmet of the soldier in the battle. This one of the concrete words and the word is therefore used to mean protective covering in many fashions as in protecting the person from the error or protecting the person from the consequence of error and that is forgiveness. ISTAGHFIR is an order to perform an action that is addressing a singular. It means: Seek protective cover or seek forgiveness.
Lahum: to them/ for them
Washawirhum: and consult them/ consult and cooperate with them
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. SHAWIRHUM is derived from the root SH-W-R and it means in one of it’s concrete meanings, extracting the honey from the honeycomb. As a concept, it takes the meaning of extracting or reaching or seeking what is best. SHAWIR is an order to action addressing a singular. It means: seek what is best in an interactive manner with the object (HUM= them). This takes the meaning of consultation since this the way to arrive at the best result in an interactive manner is through consultation and cooperation.
Fee: in
Alamri: the implement/ the order to implement
Note: The root is Hamza-M-R and it means ordering something and the implementation of it. Sometimes it attains the implementation part or matter as in personal matter and so forth, and at times it is the order and implementation of the order, depending on the situation in the sentence. ALAMRI means the implement or the order to implement.
Faitha: so if/ so when
AAazamta: You (singular) decided (with determination)/ you determined
Note: the root is Ain-Z-M and it means decided with determination to go on with the task or making up one’s mind. AAaZAMTA is an action that is completed or would be completed if came after a conditional statement. It means: the action of deciding with determination happened by the subject (second person singular).
Fatawakkal: then make your self entrust/ make yourself depend on guardianship/ guarantee
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. TAWAKKAL is derived from the root W-K-L and it means entrusting a matter to another, or trusting the guarantee or guardianship of another. TAWAKKAL is an order for action that is addressing a singular. It means: make yourself entrust on the object (Allah coming up).
AAala: on
Allahi: Allah
Inna: indeed/ verily
Allaha: Allah
Yuhibbu: Loves
Note: the root is Ha-B-B and it means in concrete seed. This word also means love. As if the seed is the product of love or the love will end up in a seed. YUHIBBU is an action that is derived from the root and that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of loving is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah) of the object Almutawakkileen= the ones who entrust (his guardianship).
Almutawakkileena: The ones who entrust (his guardianship/ guarantee)
Note: the root is W-K-L and it means entrusting a matter to another, or trusting the guarantee or guardianship of another. ALMUTAWAKKILEEN are the ones who make themselves entrust guarantee or guardianship, and in this context, they entrust it to God.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein