4:21

Salaam all

This is 4:21
وَكَيْفَ تَأْخُذُونَهُ وَقَدْ أَفْضَى بَعْضُكُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ وَأَخَذْنَ مِنكُم مِّيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا
Wakayfa takhuthoonahu waqad afda baAAdukum ila baAAdin waakhathna minkum meethaqan ghaleethan

The Aya says:
And how do you (plural) take him (what they gave the women) when indeed some of view made private space to some, and they (feminine) took from you strong commitment?!

My personal note:
The Aya continues the theme of the previous one. It explains that it is poor manners and ethics for a man to take what he gave to the woman he is divorcing when she let him into her private space and took from him a strong commitment.

Letting the man into the private space includes in it many aspects that are psychological and physical, including but not limited, to sex.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Wakayfa: and how/ why?!
Takhuthoonahu: You (plural) take him (what you gave them)
Note: the root is Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. TAKHUTHOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of taking the object (HU= him and points to what they gave) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Waqad: and indeed/ while indeed
Afda: made private space/ seclusion
Note: the root is F-Dhad- y and it means in concrete the place that is wide and open and empty. It can be used conceptually when two people are alone in a private space with the understanding that they may have sex together if the context of the sentence suggested as in here. AFDA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of making space empty happened by the subject (baaadukum= some of you) for the object (baaadin=some).
baAAdukum: some of you (plural)
Note: the root is B-Ain-Dhad and it means part of the whole. BaAADU means part of or some of. KUM means plural you.
Ila: To/ for
baAAdin: some
Note: the root is B-Ain-Dhad and it means part of the whole and it takes the conceptual meaning of some of the whole. BaAADIN means: Some
Waakhathna: and they (feminine) took
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AKHATHNA is derived from the root Hamza-KH-TH and it means taking. AKHATHNA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of taking the object (MEETHAQAN ghaleethan= thick assurance) happened by the subject (third person plural feminine).
Minkum: from you (plural)
Meethaqan: assurance/ security/ trust/ commitment
Note: the root is W-TH-Qaf and it means in concrete terms, the secure tying of a knot or the pasture that has lots of grass and therefore is assured of providing enough nutrition. So, the other meanings of the term are assurance and security. MEETHAQAN is an assurance or trust and security.
Ghaleethan: thick/hard/ strong
Note: the root is Gh- L-THA and it means thick or hard in a conceptual manner. The meaning becomes specific by the context of the sentence. GHALEETHA means thick or hard and it points to strength.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein