4:22

Salaam all,

This is 4:22
وَلاَ تَنكِحُواْ مَا نَكَحَ آبَاؤُكُم مِّنَ النِّسَاء إِلاَّ مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَاحِشَةً وَمَقْتًا وَسَاء سَبِيلاً
Wala tankihoo ma nakaha abaokum mina alnnisai illa ma qad salafa innahu kana fahishatan wamaqtan wasaa sabeelan

The Aya says:
And do not marry what your fathers married of the women, except what had happened. He (marrying the wives of the fathers) indeed happened to be ugly deed, despicable and a hated path.

My personal note:
This Aya contains an order not to marry ever the spouse of a parent or grandparent or a greater ancestor. It applies to men and women, although the language here is addressing the males. The exception is given in this same Aya and that is: If someone had already married a spouse of the parent without knowing this prohibition, then it is ok to keep that marriage ongoing without separation. So, if a person became a muslim and was married to someone in that category, then there is no need for separation. Same thing if a person is a muslim and married without awareness of this rule.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Wala: and not
Tankihoo: you (plural) marry
Note: The root is N-K-Ha and it means the having of sex between a male and female in a legal manner and it takes the meaning of the marriage and the marriage contract in a sense. TANKIHOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of marrying is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Ma: what
Note: The ma here points more to the process and the action rather than the person.
Nakaha: married
Note: The root is N-K-Ha and it means the having of sex between a male and female in a legal manner and it takes the meaning of the marriage and the marriage contract in a sense. NAKAHA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of marrying is happened by the subject (third person plural).
Abaokum: Your fathers/ your parents
Note: the root is Hamza-B and it means father or parent and it can extend to ancestors conceptually. ABAO means parents of. KUM means plural you.
Mina: of/ from
Alnnisai: the women
Note: the word means the women. It has two potential roots that may be related to it. The first N-S-Y and it is the one used for women. This same root is used for the sciatic nerve as a concrete word and for forgetting. The relation between the different meanings is only in an indirect manner. Another root is N-S-Hamza and it means putting things behind in time or space of delaying things. Concrete words are the women that have a delay in the menses because of possibility of pregnancy.
Illa: except
Ma: what
Qad: indeed
Salafa: passed
Note: the root is S-L-F and it means something passed or someone passed. Basically, it means something that already occurred and happened. SALAFA is an action that is derived from the root and that happened. It means: the passing happened by the subject (third person singular pointing to MA=what)
Innahu: he indeed
Kana: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be
Fahishatan: ugly deed
Note: FAHISHATAN is derived from the root F-Ha-SH and it means: the ugly word or deed or any word or deed that has exceeded the border of decency and appropriateness. The term is often used related to sexual acts, but it is not limited to it. FAHISHATAN is an ugly word or deed including sexually.
Wamaqtan: and despicable
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. MAQTAN is derived from the root M-Qaf-T and it means: despise or despising. MAQTAN means despicable in this context.
Wasaa: and hated
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. SAA is derived from the root S-Y-Hamza and it means hated word or deed or feeling. It can also mean ugly or vulnerable. All the meanings are linked somehow by one concept. This word then means different things according to the plane of thought that is being talked about. SAA is an action that is completed. It means the action of being hated happened by the subject (sabeelan= path).
Sabeelan: path
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELAN is the flowing water or the path. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.

Salaam all and have a great evening.


Hussein