4:13

Salaam all,

This is 4:13
تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّهِ وَمَن يُطِعِ اللّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Tilka hudoodu Allahi waman yutiAAi Allaha warasoolahu yudkhilhu jannatin tajree min tahtiha alanharu khalideena feeha wathalika alfawzu alAAatheemu

The aya says:
These (are) the boundaries set by Allah. And whoever obeys Allah and His envoy, He (Allah) makes him enter gardens, rivers flowing from underneath, staying unchanged in it. And that (is) the great win.

My personal note:
This Aya suggests that the previous two Ayas have set the boundaries from God of the rights of the individuals in inheritance and that we should not cross them nor look for loopholes to circumvent them. It finishes that obeying Allah and His messenger is the path to the gardens of paradise.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Tilka: this/ these
Hudoodu: sharp boundaries of/ sharp borders of
Note: the root is Ha-D-D and it means limit or boundaries that are sharp and strong that cannot or should not be crossed.. HUDOODA are sharp limits of or boundaries of. Here is means the boundaries that a person should not cross.
Allahi: Allah
Note: HUDOODU ALLAHI together means the sharp boundaries of Allah. This takes the meaning that those are the boundaries that Allah set that should not be crossed.
Waman: and whoever
yutiAAi: Willingly comply/ obeys willingly
Note: the root is TTa-W-Ain and it means willing compliance or obeying willingly. YUTiAAi is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of willing compliance or obeying willingly is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular) of the object (Allah wa reasoolahu= Allah and his messenger/envoy).
Allaha: Allah
Warasoolahu: and his messenger/ envoy
Note: Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. Rasoolahu is derived from the root is R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. The concept is sending with a mission. RASOOL means envoy of or messenger of. HU means him and it points to Allah.
Yudkhilhu: He makes him enter
Note: the root is D-KH-L and it means entering. YUDKHIL is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (Hu= him pointing to human) enter another object (jannatin=gardens) is being made to happen or will be made to happen by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah).
Jannatin: gardens/ paradises
Note: JANNATIN is derived from the root J-N-N and it means hidden or hiding. It is therefore used to mean darkness because it hides as well as garden because gardens can be hidden or because it has less light than the place out in the sun for the Arabs of the desert. JANNATIN means: gardens/ Hidden entities.
Tajree: She flows/ they flow
Note: the root is J-R-Y and it means flowing as in the flowing of the river or any movement that is smooth and relatively fast. TAJREE is an action that is being completed or will be completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of flowing is happening or will be happening by the subject (ANHARU=rivers and is coming up).
Min: from
Tahtiha: under her/underneath her
Note: the root is T-Ha-T and it means under. TAHTI means under of. HA means her and it points to the garden.
Alanharu: the rivers/the running water
Note: The root is N-H-R and one of the concrete meanings of the word is running water or river. It is then used to mean running or glowing in many other meanings and contexts according to the nature of what is talked about. ALANHARU are the rivers or the running waters.
Khalideena: Staying unchanged
Note: the root is KH-L-D and it means something that stays the same. In concrete, it is used for the rocks and the mountains that seem to be unchanged through the ages. KHALIDEENA means staying unchanged.
Feeha: in her
Wathalika: and that
Alfawzu: the win/ the winning
Note: the root is F-W-Z and it means winning in a good fashion. ALFAWZ means the win or the winning.
alAAatheemu: the great
Note: the root is Ain-TH-M and it means great/hard/strong. The concrete word is AAaTHM and that is the bones or the hard/strong/firm core of things. ALAAaTHEEM means the great.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein