3:168

Salaam all,

This is 3:168
الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لإِخْوَانِهِمْ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوْ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُوا قُلْ فَادْرَؤُوا عَنْ أَنفُسِكُمُ الْمَوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ (
Allatheena qaloo liikhwanihim waqaAAadoo law ataAAoona ma qutiloo qul faidraoo AAan anfusikumu almawta in kuntum sadiqeena

The Aya says:

Those who said to their brothers while they stayed behind: If they obeyed us, they would not have been fatally injured. Respond (O Muhammad): Then push the death away from yourselves, if you were truthful.

My personal note:

The word Ikhwanihim is translated as their brothers. This is used conceptually and it encompasses their actual brothers, to their friends to their encounters and people who live with them and so forth.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Allatheena: those who
Qaloo: said/ communicated
Note: the root is Qaf-W-L and it means saying or communicating. QALOO is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the saying happened by the subject (third person plural). It means they (pointing to the Godly people) said.
Liikhwanihim: to their brothers/ to their close encounters
Note: Li means to. IKHWANIHIM is derived from the root Hamza-KH-W and it means brothering. This is used for brothers but is inclusive of sisters. Conceptually, it can be extended to any person with whom there is a shared element as in shared parent, thought, place of living and so forth. IKHWANI means brothers of. HIM means them.
waqaAAadoo: and sat/ while stayed behind
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. QaAAaDOO is derived from the root Qaf-Ain-D and it means sitting. Conceptually, it carries the meaning of staying in place and not moving/act or not wanting to move or act. QaAAaDOO is an action that is completed. It means the action of sitting or not acting/moving happened by the subject (third person plural).
Law: if
Note: This is a beginning of a conditional statement.
ataAAoona: they obeyed us willingly/ They willingly complied with us
Note: the root is from TTa-W-Ain and it means willing compliance. This also encompasses obeying willingly. AtaAAooNA is an action that is completed. It means: The action of willingly complying or obeying happened by the subject (third person plural) to the object NA= us.
Ma: not
Qutiloo: were they killed/ fatally injured
Note: the root is Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. QUTILOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of killing or fatal action happened by an undeclared subject to the object (third person plural). This the end of the conditional statement and it means: if they obeyed us, then they would not have been killed.
Qul: say/ respond
Note: the root is Qaf-W-L and it means saying but can cover any form of communicating. QUL is an order form addressed to a singular masculine. It means: Say, and in this context, it takes the meaning of respond.
Faidraoo: then push/ then repel
Note: Fa means then or so or therefore. IDRAOO is derived from the root D-R-Hamza and it means push. Conceptually, it is used in many angles of the meaning push, including repelling which is the use in this case because it is followed by AAan. IDRAOO is an order to a group of people. It means: push.
AAan: from/ away from
Note: this word takes the meaning of from, but at times takes the meaning of away from and so on.
Anfusikumu: yourselves
Note: the root N-F-S and it means to breath. ANFUSI is a noun that is derived from this root and it means Selves of. KUMU means plural you.
Almawta: the death
Note: the root is M-W-T and it means death or the opposite of life or the lack of voluntary movement. ALMAWTA is the death.
In: if
Kuntum: you (plural) were/ you happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUTUM is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (second person plural). This in turn means: You (plural) were or you happened to be.
Sadiqeena: Truthful/ people of truth
Note: the root is Sad-D-Qaf and it means truth in word or deed as a concept. When it is in deed, it takes the shape of any act of truthfulness including charity. SADIQEENA means people of truth or truthful.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein