4:43

Salaam all,

This is 4:43
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ لاَ تَقْرَبُواْ الصَّلاَةَ وَأَنتُمْ سُكَارَى حَتَّىَ تَعْلَمُواْ مَا تَقُولُونَ وَلاَ جُنُبًا إِلاَّ عَابِرِي سَبِيلٍ حَتَّىَ تَغْتَسِلُواْ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَى أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَاء أَحَدٌ مِّنكُم مِّن الْغَآئِطِ أَوْ لاَمَسْتُمُ النِّسَاء فَلَمْ تَجِدُواْ مَاء فَتَيَمَّمُواْ صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَامْسَحُواْ بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ كَانَ عَفُوًّا غَفُورًا
Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo la taqraboo alssalata waantum sukara hatta taAAlamoo ma taqooloona wala junuban illa AAabiree sabeelin hatta taghtasiloo wain kuntum marda aw AAala safarin aw jaa ahadun minkum mina alghaiti aw lamastumu alnnisaa falam tajidoo maan fatayammamoo saAAeedan tayyiban faimsahoo biwujoohikum waaydeekum inna Allaha kana AAafuwwan ghafooran

The Aya says:
O those who made themselves safe (in Allah), do not come near prayer in altered minds in order that you know what you say. And not after ejaculation if not passing a path, until you bathe. And if you were ill or on travel or one of you came from the bathroom, or touched the women interactively, so you did not find water, then seek good dust/ top of the earth, then rub your faces and your hands. Indeed, Allah happened to be eraser (of sins), forgiving.

My personal note:
The term Lamastum annisaa which carries the meaning of touched women interactively can be understood as meaning only sex with women, which was the understanding of Ibn Abbas and the majority of Muslims. It can also be understood as any touching of women, which was the understanding of Imam Shafii, or it can be understood as any touching between women and men that takes a sexual tone to it. It seems to me that Shafii’s understanding is a little too literal and therefore I may go with option 1 or three.

The Aya orders us not to come near prayer when our minds are altered. This includes the state of drunkenness or any state that alters the mind, including extreme sleepiness. That is why the prophet (pbuh), in one of the hadeeths, mentioned that if one is too sleepy, then let him go back to sleep and wake up later to do prayer.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Ya ayyuha allatheena: O those who
Note: the three words used here are callings.
Amanoo: made themselves safe
Note: the root is Hamza-M-N and it means safe or safety. AMANOO is an action that is derived from the root and that is completed. It means: the action of making the object (not mentioned and therefore the subject and the object can be the same entity here) become safe happened by the subject (third person plural). So, it ends up meaning: they made themselves safe.
La: not
Taqraboo: come near/ become near/ near yourselves
Note: The root is Qaf-R-B and it means nearing or becoming near. TAQRABOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of nearing is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural) or itself to the object (alssalata= the ritual prayer).
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Waantum: while you (plural)
Sukara: in altered consciousness/ intoxicated/ drunk/ blocked brains.
Note: the root is S-K-R and it means blocking or closing. This is then used conceptually in many ways, including any state of altered or blocked consciousness, whether because of drinks or drug or because of natural causes. SUKARA means people in altered or blocked consciousness.
Hatta: until/ in order to
taAAlamoo: you (plural) know
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. TaAALAMOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of knowing of fact or knowing the object (ma Taqooloon= what you say), is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Ma: what
Taqooloona: you (plural) say/ communicate
Note: the root is Qaf-W-L and it means saying or communicating. TAQOOLOON is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of saying or communicating is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Wala: and not
Junuban: after ejaculation
Note: the root is J-N-B and it means side of an entity. This word then takes many meanings according to the context, including setting aside, as in avoiding or rejecting as well as being close as in being beside an entity. It also takes the meaning of one who ejaculated, depending on the context. It is not clear the relationship between ejaculation and nearness. It could be because the fluids leave the body to be near it. JUNUBAN in here means: after ejaculation for males and females.
Illa: if not/ except
AAabiree: passing through/ passing
Note: the root is Ain-B-R and it means Passover or crossover or pass through. This can be understood according to the plane of thought of the sentence. It can mean crossing a river. It also can mean understanding the point as in crossing from point A to point B in thought and so forth. AAaBIREE means passing through or just passing.
Sabeelin: path
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELIN is the flowing water or the path. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path.
Hatta: until
Taghtasiloo: you wash yourselves
Note: the root is GHain-S-L and it means washing. TAGHTASILOO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of washing is being made or will be made to happen by the subject (second person plural) for itself/ to itself.
Wain: and if
Kuntum: you (plural) happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUNTUM is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (second person plural). This in turn means: you (plural) happened to be
Marda: sick/ ill
Note: the root is M-R-Dhad and it means state of incompleteness or state of imbalance. This means illness or disease as well. MARDA are the persons who became ill or sick.
Aw: or
AAala: upon/ on
Safarin: travel/ exposure
Note: the root is S-F-R and it means in one of the concrete meanings the wind that blows and therefore exposes something from the dust that covers it. This is then used to mean exposure and movement from one place to another. This word is used to mean travel here. SAFARIN means travel. Travel is a movement from one place to another and is exposure.
Aw: or
Jaa: came
Note: the root is J-Y-Hamza and it means coming. One concrete word that is derived from this word is the pool where the rain water comes. JAA is an action that is completed and that is derived from the root. It means that the action of coming happened by the subject (third person singular ahadun=one)
Ahadun: one
Note: the root is W-Ha-D and it means one. AHADUN means one or anyone.

Minkum: fom you (plural)/ of you (plural)
Mina: from
Alghaiti: the restroom
Note: the root is Ghain-W-TTa and it means the low land or the whole in the ground. This is then used conceptually to mean different things including using the restroom, because they did it in a whole in the ground or the low land in general. Here, it means the restroom.
Aw: or
Lamastumu: touched interactively/ had sex with/ felt interactively
Note: the root is L-M-S and it means skin feeling an object. LAMASTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of skin of the subject (second person plural) feeling the object (alnnisaa= the women) interactively, happened. This is then skin feeling another skin and is used to mean mainly sex, or at least some form of foreplay.
Alnnisaa: the women
Note: the word means the women. It has two potential roots that may be related to it. The first N-S-Y and it is the one used for women. This same root is used for the sciatic nerve as a concrete word and for forgetting. The relation between the different meanings is only in an indirect manner. Another root is N-S-Hamza and it means putting things behind in time or space of delaying things. Concrete words are the women that have a delay in the menses because of possibility of pregnancy. ALNNISAA are the women.
Falam: then not/ so not
Tajidoo: you (plural) found
Note: the root is W-J-D and it means in one concrete meaning the water that has accumulated in the desert. This is then used to mean a find that is really important. TAJIDOO is an action that is derived from the root. It means: the action of finding is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural) to the object (Maan=water that is coming up).
Maan: water
Note: the root is M-Y-Hamza and it means water. Conceptually, it can be used to any form of liquid depending on the context. It also can apply to all the natures of water, vapor, liquid and solid. MAAN means water here.
Fatayammamoo: then seek
Note: Fa means then or so or therefore. TAYAMMAMOO is derived from the root Hamza-M-M and it means mother or sources/origin if said as UMM and destination if said as AMM. The AMM is taken for seeking something or somewhere as well and it is the one used here. TAYAMMAMOO is an order for action or a request. It is addressing a group of people and it means: Seek.
saAAeedan: surface/ surface of earth/dust
Note: the root is Sad-Ain-D and it means in concrete, going uphill or going higher. This is then used conceptually in different ways as in to mean moving uphill and others. SaAAeeDAN is the top of the earth or any entity on the surface of the earth, which is mainly dust.
Tayyiban: good
Note: the root is Ta-Y-B and it means good and leads to goodness. The term is used for anything that is good and leads to good results. TAYYIBAN is the good who does good or just the entity that causes good.
Faimsahoo: then rub/swipe
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. IMSAHOO is derived from the root M-S-Ha and it means swipe one surface opposite another or rub. It could also mean anoint. IMSAHOO is an order addressing a group of people. It means: rub or swipe.
Biwujoohikum: your faces
Note: Bi denotes that what comes after is a tool and/or an object or an association with an action that was mentioned. If it is an object of the action then it makes it stronger. WUJOOHIKUM is derived from the root W-J-H and it means face. It is used conceptually to mean what meets the eye or what receives others, since the face is what we meet first. WUJOOHI means faces of. KUM is plural you.
Waaydeekum: and your hands
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning is in inclusion one in another or all in a bigger picture or sentence. AYDEEKUM is derived from the root Hamza-Y-D and it means hand and then it takes different meanings according to the plane of thought. AYDEE means hands of. KUM is a plural you.
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
Kana: happened to be
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KANA is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (third personal singular). This in turn means: He was or He happened to be
AAafuwwan: eraser (of sin)
Note: The root is Ain-F-W and it means to literally to give up a right. Some concrete uses of the word are when the wind erases the evidence of the footsteps in the desert, or erasing any evidence or entity. Conceptually it means to forgive through erasing the sin from existence, to give charity and to heal by erasing disease.
Ghafooran: forgiving/ provider of protective cover
Note: the root GH-F-R and it means the helmet of the soldier in the battle. This one of the concrete words and the word is therefore used to mean protective covering in many fashions as in protecting the person from the error or protecting the person from the consequence of error and that is forgiveness. GHAFOORAN is the one who provides protective cover, or the one who is forgiving and the two meanings are related.

Salaam all and have a great day.


Hussein