3:121

Salaam all,

This is 3:121
وَإِذْ غَدَوْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ تُبَوِّىءُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَقَاعِدَ لِلْقِتَالِ وَاللّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
Waith ghadawta min ahlika tubawwio almumineena maqaAAida lilqitali waAllahu sameeAAun AAaleemun

The Aya says:
And as/when you left in early morning from your family (in order) to land the ones who made themselves safe (in Allah) bases for the fight. And Allah (is) all listening, all knowing.

My personal note:
The previous Ayat were talking about some people who were hiding hatred against the messenger. Now, the Aya here proceeds to describe the preparation for a battle that the prophet was involved in against his enemies.

Translation of the transliterated words:
Waith: and when
Ghadawta: left in pre-sunrise
Note: the root is GH-D-W and it means the time just before sunrise. It is used to mean early morning and also next day or a future day according to the context of the sentence. It is also used to mean leaving or moving in early morning. GHADAWTA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of early morning/pre-sunrise happened by the subject (second person singular pointing to the prophet pbuh). This is then taken to mean: you moved in pre-sunrise or you left in pre-sunrise and so forth.
Min: from
Ahlika: your family/people
Note: the root is Hamza-H-L and one concrete meaning to the word is the fat that surrounds the back of the animal. It is used conceptually to mean family or any of the people that are closely associated with the entity being discussed. This could be because they are like the fat as in they engulf and protect and so forth and gain protection at the same time. AHLI means family of. KA means singular you.
Tubawwio: you make placed/ you make landed
Note: the root B-W-Hamza and it means landing in a conceptual manner and therefore will take different meanings according to the context. It is used for marriage often because the one who gets married lands in a house and so forth. TUBAWWIO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of making the object (Almumineena= the ones who made themselves safe) land or be placed is being made to happen or will be made to happen by the subject (second person singular).
Almumineena: the ones who made themselves safe (in Allah and His message)
Note: the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. ALMUMINEENA means the ones who made themselves safe.
maqaAAida: seats/ positions/ bases
Note: the root is Qaf-Ain-D and it means sitting or seat. It is then used conceptually to mean base because things sit on top of the base and so forth. MAQaAAiDA are places of seats or places of base. Here, it means bases or seats or positions.
Lilqitali: to the fighting/for the fighting
Note: LI means to. LQITAL is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing. QITAL is an interactive word that means killing opposite killing. Therefore the one in QITAL is the person that is in the process of responding to another that is trying to kill him. This, in essence is the fighting, or the response to aggression through fighting back.
waAllahu: and Allah
sameeAAun: All listening/ all hearing
Note: the root is s-m-ain and it means hear or listen. The word has in it the absorption of the words and the understanding of them as to generate the appropriate response. Sameeaaun is the one that listens a lot or the all listening.
AAaleemun: All knowing
Note: the root is Ain-L-M and it means knowledge or knowing. AAaLEEMUN means all knowing.

Salaam all and have a great evening.


Hussein